Waec Model Questions Vol1 2018 Biology Question 6

Practice essay / theory question 6 from the 2018 Waec Model Questions Vol1 Biology examination. This question covers excretion, urinary system, kidney physiology .

Waec Model Questions Vol1 2018 Biology Essay / Theory
Topics: excretion urinary system kidney physiology
Question 6 WAEC_MODEL_QUESTIONS_VOL1 • 2018 • BIOLOGY • essay
Waec Model Questions Vol1 2018 Biology Question 6 diagram

The diagram shows the major structures of the human excretory system, including the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra, together with the internal components of a nephron (renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct).

Question Parts

( a )
Identify each labelled part in the diagram and state its primary function in the formation or transport of urine.
( b )
Discuss the process of glomerular ultrafiltration.
( ) State the three pressures that determine ultrafiltration and their typical values.
( ) Using the values above, calculate the net filtration pressure (NFP).
( c )
Explain how antidiuretic hormone (ADH) modifies water re‑absorption in the collecting duct and predict the effect on urine volume when ADH secretion is (i) high and (ii) low.
( ) Describe the cellular mechanism by which ADH acts on the collecting duct.
( ) State the expected change in urine volume for high versus low ADH secretion.
( d )
A patient has a 40 % reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Discuss the likely physiological consequences and at least two clinical signs that may be observed.

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About This Question

This is Waec Model Questions Vol1 2018 Biology Question 6. It is one of the essay questions from the 2018 Waec Model Questions Vol1 Biology examination.

The question covers excretion, urinary system, kidney physiology .

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