Neco Model Questions Vol1 2019 Biology Question 33

A diploid human population living at sea level has the following blood‑gas parameters: atmospheric pressure 101.3 kPa, oxygen fraction 21 %, hemoglobin concentration 150 g L⁻¹, and P₅₀ = 26 mmHg. A second population lives at 3000 m altitude where atmospheric pressure is 70 kPa; the oxygen fraction is the same, hemoglobin concentration is increased by an unknown amount, and P₅₀ is reduced to 24 mmHg because of higher 2,3‑BPG. Assuming arterial oxygen content is given by \(C_{aO2}= (Hb\times1.34\times SaO2) + (0.0031\times PaO2)\) and that SaO₂ can be approximated by the Hill equation \(SaO2 = \frac{PaO2^{n}}{PaO2^{n}+P_{50}^{n}}\) with \(n = 2.7\), calculate the minimum increase in hemoglobin concentration (in g L⁻¹) required for the high‑altitude population to achieve the same arterial oxygen content as the sea‑level population.