Practice neco model questions vol1 government 2018 Past Questions

Question 1 View Details

Party X, Y and Z contested a national election for $360$ seats. Under a first‑past‑the‑post (FPTP) system they won $120$, $100$ and $80$ seats respectively, while the remaining parties shared the rest. The parties' national vote shares were: Party X $30\%$, Party Y $25\%$, Party Z $20\%$, and other parties $25\%$.\n\n(a) If a proportional representation (PR) system were used, allocating seats strictly in proportion to vote share, how many seats would Party X obtain?\n\n(b) Under which electoral system could Party X achieve a majority (at least $181$ seats) by allying with the party that has the fewest seats among the three major parties? State the system, the partner party and the total seats of the coalition.

A. FPTP system; Party Y; 210 seats

B. FPTP system; Party Z; 190 seats

Correct C. FPTP system; Party Z; 200 seats

D. PR system; Party Y; 210 seats

Correct Answer: C

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Question 2 View Details

The National Assembly has $360$ members. A constitutional amendment requires a two‑thirds majority. What is the minimum number of votes needed to pass the amendment?

A. 260

B. 250

C. 230

Correct D. 240

Correct Answer: D

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Question 3 View Details

In a recent election, $20{,}000{,}000$ registered voters were recorded and $12{,}500{,}000$ cast valid votes. What was the voter turnout percentage (to one decimal place)?

Correct A. 62.5\%

B. 55.0\%

C. 70.0\%

D. 62.0\%

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4 View Details

A local government area is divided into $5$ wards. Each ward elects $3$ councilors to the council. How many councilors are there in total?

A. 20

Correct B. 15

C. 18

D. 12

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5 View Details

Amending the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria requires three steps: (i) a two‑thirds majority in the House of Representatives (360 members), (ii) a two‑thirds majority in the Senate (109 members), and (iii) a national referendum with at least 50\% of voters approving. In a recent amendment attempt the House recorded 250 votes in favour, the Senate 80 votes in favour, and the referendum obtained 48\% approval from 30,000,000 voters. Did the amendment succeed? Explain each condition.

A. No; the amendment fails because the Senate did not obtain the required two‑thirds majority.

B. No; the amendment fails because the House of Representatives fell short of the two‑thirds majority.

C. Yes; the amendment succeeds because both chambers met the two‑thirds threshold, and the referendum result is merely advisory.

Correct D. No; the amendment fails because the referendum did not reach the required 50\% approval.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6 View Details

In a federal system, a constitutional amendment requires a two‑thirds majority in both the House of Representatives (which has $500$ members) and the Senate (which has $100$ members), and thereafter must be approved in a national referendum. The referendum is valid only if at least $60\%$ of the votes cast are in favour and if voter turnout is at least $50\%$ of the $20$ million registered voters. If $70\%$ of the registered voters turn out, what is the minimum number of "yes" votes required in the referendum to satisfy both conditions?

Correct A. 8400000

B. 7000000

C. 9000000

D. 8000000

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7 View Details

In the given constitutional system, the power to initiate criminal prosecutions normally rests with the Executive. However, the Legislature may pass a law establishing a special tribunal, and the Judiciary may issue a writ of mandamus compelling the Executive to act. If a high‑profile corruption case arises and the Executive refuses to prosecute, which combination of actions by the other two branches can legally compel the prosecution to proceed?

A. The Legislature and the Judiciary each issue a joint resolution calling for the Executive to prosecute.

Correct B. The Legislature passes a law establishing a special tribunal and the Judiciary issues a writ of mandamus to the Executive.

C. The Judiciary issues a writ of mandamus to the Executive, while the Legislature takes no action.

D. The Legislature passes a law establishing a special tribunal, but the Judiciary does not issue any writ.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8 View Details

The federal budget for the year is ₦$12$ trillion. The Constitution mandates that at least $15\%$ of the total budget be allocated to education, but no more than $20\%$ may be allocated to defence. In addition, a fiscal rule requires that the combined allocation to health and infrastructure be at least $30\%$ of the total budget. Assuming the government wishes to allocate the maximum possible amount to defence while still meeting all constraints, how much money (in trillion naira) can be allocated to defence?

Correct A. ₦2.4 trillion

B. ₦2.0 trillion

C. ₦2.5 trillion

D. ₦1.8 trillion

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9 View Details

A public agency evaluates its performance each year using a weighted performance index (WPI). The index is composed of three indicators: Service Delivery (weight $0.5$), Financial Management (weight $0.3$), and Citizen Satisfaction (weight $0.2$). Scores for each indicator are out of $100$. In year 1 the agency scored $78$ in Service Delivery, $85$ in Financial Management and $70$ in Citizen Satisfaction, giving a WPI of $78.5$.\n\nFor year 2 the agency may improve each indicator by at most $4$ points. Improving Service Delivery costs twice as much as improving Financial Management and three times as much as improving Citizen Satisfaction. The agency's improvement budget is equivalent to $8$ "Citizen Satisfaction" points.\n\nWhat is the maximum WPI the agency can achieve in year 2 under these constraints?

A. 78.9

Correct B. 80.1

C. 79.5

D. 81.0

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10 View Details

Three pressure groups - A, B and C - seek to influence a policy. Their influence is assessed by three criteria with the following weights: Membership size ($0.4$), Financial resources ($0.35$), and Access to media ($0.25$). Scores (out of 10) for each criterion are:\n\n- Group A: Membership 7, Financial 5, Media 8\n- Group B: Membership 6, Financial 9, Media 6\n- Group C: Membership 8, Financial 4, Media 7\n\n(a) Compute the overall influence score for each group and state which group has the highest influence.\n\n(b) A new regulation changes the weights to Membership $0.55$, Financial $0.20$, Media $0.25$ (still summing to 1). Re‑calculate the scores and indicate whether the ranking of the groups changes.

A. Original highest: Group C (6.80). After weight change: Group A (6.75).

B. Original highest: Group A (6.90). After weight change: Group B (7.10).

C. Original highest: Group B (6.95). After weight change: Group C (6.85).

Correct D. Original highest: Group B (7.05). After weight change: Group C (6.95).

Correct Answer: D

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Question 11 View Details

In a civil contract dispute valued at ₦12 million between parties residing in different states, which court has original jurisdiction under the Nigerian legal system?

Correct A. Federal High Court

B. National Industrial Court

C. State High Court

D. Supreme Court

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12 View Details

Nigeria adopted four major constitutions in the years 1960, 1963, 1979 and 1999. Up to the end of 2018 each constitution was in force for the following periods: 1960‑1963, 1963‑1979, 1979‑1999 and 1999‑2018. Using a weighted average where each constitution's length is weighted by the proportion of the total period (1960‑2018) that it covered, calculate the weighted average length of a constitution in years, rounded to two decimal places.

Correct A. 17.69

B. 20.00

C. 18.33

D. 15.42

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13 View Details

The first democratic presidential election after military rule was held in February 1999. The Freedom of Information Act was enacted in May 2011. How many months elapsed between these two events?

A. 138

B. 144

Correct C. 147

D. 150

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14 View Details

In 2017 Nigeria's total export value was $30 billion, distributed as follows: $9 billion to ECOWAS member states, $12 billion to the European Union, $6 billion to Asian countries and $3 billion to other destinations. If the foreign‑policy target is that at least 40 % of exports go to regional partners (ECOWAS), does Nigeria meet this target? If not, what is the shortfall in percentage points needed to reach the target?

A. 20

B. 5

Correct C. 10

D. 15

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15 View Details

A local government area received a development grant of ₦150 million for the year 2020. Its population at the start of 2020 was 250 000 and grew at an annual rate of 2.5 %. Assuming the grant is to be distributed equally per person over the year, using the average population for the year, what amount in naira is allocated per person, rounded to the nearest naira?

Correct A. 593

B. 600

C. 592

D. 585

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16 View Details

A local government has four development projects with the following data: Project A costs ₦90 million and requires 50 staff, benefit score 130; Project B costs ₦70 million, requires 40 staff, benefit 100; Project C costs ₦60 million, requires 30 staff, benefit 80; Project D costs ₦50 million, requires 20 staff, benefit 70. The total budget available is ₦200 million and the total staff that can be employed is at most 100. Which combination of projects yields the maximum total benefit without exceeding either the budget or staff limit? State the maximum total benefit.

Correct A. 280

B. 250

C. 260

D. 270

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17 View Details

Consider the following statements about the application of the rule of law: (i) Police arrested a suspect without a warrant because of public pressure. (ii) In a tax case, the same law was applied to both a wealthy businessman and a small trader. (iii) A judge dismissed a case because the defendant could not afford a lawyer, even though legal aid was available. How many of the statements correctly illustrate the principle of equality before the law?

A. 0

B. 2

Correct C. 1

D. 3

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18 View Details

In a performance appraisal, three criteria are weighted as follows: Efficiency 40%, Transparency 35%, Responsiveness 25%. Let the scores (out of 100) be $E, T, R$. It is known that $E = T + 5$ and $R = E - 10$. The overall rating is computed as $0.4E + 0.35T + 0.25R$ and the civil servant obtained an overall rating of 80. Find the Transparency score $T$.

Correct A. 79.25

B. 78.5

C. 77.75

D. 80.25

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19 View Details

In a state judicial system there are three levels of courts: Customary Courts, State High Courts and the Supreme Court. Each State High Court supervises exactly 5 Customary Courts. The Supreme Court supervises all State High Courts. If the state has 4 State High Courts, how many courts are there in total?

A. 20

B. 24

Correct C. 25

D. 29

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20 View Details

The constitution of the federation was enacted in 1999. An amendment to the constitution was passed in 2007. How many years after the enactment was the amendment passed?

A. 12

B. 9

C. 6

Correct D. 8

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21 View Details

In a country that uses the D'Hondt method for allocating seats in a 10‑seat parliament, four parties received the following number of votes: Party A - 340 000, Party B - 260 000, Party C - 180 000, Party D - 120 000. How many seats does Party B obtain?

Correct A. 3

B. 5

C. 4

D. 2

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22 View Details

A country recorded 12 000 criminal cases in a year. Seventy percent of the cases were originally resolved in the courts. A new law increased the number of court‑resolved cases by 15 % of the original resolved number. Afterwards, 5 % of the remaining unresolved cases were settled through alternative dispute resolution. How many cases were finally resolved (by court or ADR) at the end of the year?

A. 9677

B. 9770

Correct C. 9777

D. 9877

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23 View Details

In a United Nations General Assembly vote, a resolution requires a two‑thirds majority of members present and voting. During a session, 12 of the 193 member states are absent and 5 present members abstain. Among the remaining voting members, 100 vote in favour and the rest vote against. In the Security Council, 2 permanent members veto, 2 permanent members vote in favour, and all 7 non‑permanent members vote in favour. Does the resolution pass? If it does not, what is the minimum number of additional "yes" votes needed in the General Assembly (keeping the Security Council votes unchanged) to satisfy the General Assembly requirement?

A. 22

Correct B. 18

C. 16

D. 20

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24 View Details

To amend the constitution, a proposal must be approved by a two‑thirds majority in both chambers of the National Assembly. The House of Representatives has 360 members, while the Senate has 109 members. In a recent amendment proposal, 240 members of the House voted in favour and 30 members were absent. In the Senate, 70 members voted in favour, 20 voted against, and the remaining members were absent. Did the amendment pass?

A. Yes, it passed

Correct B. No

C. Yes

D. Yes, with a two‑thirds majority

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25 View Details

In a parliamentary election that uses the largest‑remainder (Hamilton) method to allocate 100 seats, the total number of valid votes is 1 000 000. The parties obtained the following votes: Party A - 376 000, Party B - 274 000, Party C - 215 000, Party D - 135 000. How many seats does Party C receive after the allocation is completed?

A. 23

Correct B. 22

C. 21

D. 24

Correct Answer: B

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