Practice neco civic_education 2020 Past Questions

Question 1 View Details

During a presidential election, the first‑round results are: Candidate A \(35\%\), Candidate B \(30\%\), Candidate C \(20\%\), Candidate D \(15\%\). No candidate exceeds \(50\%\), so a second round is held between the top two candidates. In the second round, \(10\%\) of Candidate B's first‑round voters switch to Candidate A, while the remaining B voters stay with B. All of Candidate C's voters split \(60\%\) to A and \(40\%\) to B, and all of Candidate D's voters split \(60\%\) to A and \(40\%\) to B. What are the final vote percentages for Candidates A and B, and which candidate wins?

A. Candidate B wins with 55% of the votes (Candidate A obtains 45%).

B. Candidate B wins with 60% of the votes (Candidate A obtains 40%).

C. Candidate A wins with 52% of the votes (Candidate B obtains 48%).

Correct D. Candidate A wins with 59% of the votes (Candidate B obtains 41%).

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2 View Details

On a highway with a speed limit of \(80\) km/h, a driver is recorded traveling at \(112\) km/h. The traffic law states: for a speed excess up to \(20\) km/h, the fine is N2000 and 3 penalty points; for each additional \(5\) km/h (or part thereof) beyond that, an extra fine of N500 and 1 point are added. The driver already has 8 penalty points accumulated earlier this year. Calculate the total fine and determine whether the driver's licence will be suspended, given that a total of more than 12 points within a year leads to suspension.

Correct A. Total fine N3500; licence suspended (total points = 14).

B. Total fine N4000; licence suspended (total points = 14).

C. Total fine N3000; licence suspended (total points = 13).

D. Total fine N3500; licence not suspended (total points = 14).

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3 View Details

A local government has an annual budget of N\(150\) million. The original allocation is: Health \(40\%\), Education \(25\%\), Infrastructure \(20\%\), and Other services the remainder. The health allocation is to be increased by \(15\%\) of its original amount, and the extra amount is to be funded by reducing the Education and Infrastructure allocations proportionally, while the Other services allocation remains unchanged. Determine the new monetary allocations for Health, Education, and Infrastructure.

A. Health N69 million; Education N35 million; Infrastructure N24 million.

B. Health N69 million; Education N30 million; Infrastructure N28 million.

C. Health N75 million; Education N30 million; Infrastructure N22.5 million.

Correct D. Health N69 million; Education N32.5 million; Infrastructure N26 million.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4 View Details

A student finds a lost wallet containing N\(5,000\) on the school campus and returns it to its owner without taking any money. Which civic value does this action best illustrate?

A. Compassion

B. Responsibility

Correct C. Honesty

D. Respect

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5 View Details

Under the Nigerian Criminal Code, participation in a cult is defined as "any act of joining, assisting, or supporting an unlawful association that engages in violent or criminal activities". The code prescribes the following penalties: first conviction - 2 years imprisonment; second conviction within five years - a mandatory minimum of 5 years imprisonment; third conviction - life imprisonment. An individual was convicted for cult involvement in 2018 (served 2 years) and again in 2021 (served 5 years). He is now charged for a third conviction in 2024. Assuming no other convictions, what is the minimum sentence he faces for the 2024 conviction?

A. 10 years imprisonment

B. 5 years imprisonment

C. 15 years imprisonment

Correct D. Life imprisonment

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6 View Details

In a community there are five conflicting parties P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5. A mediator can conduct a mediation session with at most three parties at a time. In each session every pair of parties present discusses their issues, so a session with three parties resolves the three distinct pairwise conflicts among them. The peace committee wants to ensure that every possible pair of parties (there are \(\binom{5}{2}=10\) pairs) meets in at least one session. What is the minimum number of distinct mediation sessions (and therefore mediators) required to achieve this?

Correct A. 4

B. 5

C. 6

D. 3

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7 View Details

A nation's population is divided into three age groups: Group A (0-14 years) 30 %, Group B (15-64 years) 55 %, and Group C (65 + years) 15 %. A survey reports that within Group A, 80 % have the right to education fulfilled and 60 % have the right to health fulfilled; in Group B the corresponding figures are 70 % and 85 %; in Group C they are 50 % and 90 %. Assuming the two rights are independent within each group, what percentage of the total population enjoys both the right to education and the right to health?

A. 50.8\%

B. 47.1\%

C. 54.8\%

Correct D. 53.9\%

Correct Answer: D

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Question 8 View Details

A city has 200 000 youths (aged 15-24). Currently 12 % are regular users of drug X. The government will implement two successive annual programmes: Programme A reduces the current number of users by 30 % each year, and after that Programme B reduces the remaining users by 20 % each year. Both programmes are applied in this order every year for three years. What is the projected percentage of youths who will still be regular users after the three‑year period, and does it meet the target of reducing the prevalence to below 5 %?

A. 4.8\% (target met)

B. 3.0\% (target met)

C. 5.5\% (target not met)

Correct D. 2.1\% (target met)

Correct Answer: D

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Question 9 View Details

In a state election for 12 seats using the D'Hondt proportional representation method, five parties obtained the following votes: Party A = 340 000, Party B = 260 000, Party C = 150 000, Party D = 120 000, Party E = 80 000. Allocate the 12 seats to the parties according to the D'Hondt rule.

A. A 4, B 3, C 3, D 1, E 1

B. A 4, B 4, C 2, D 1, E 1

C. A 5, B 3, C 2, D 1, E 1

Correct D. A 4, B 3, C 2, D 2, E 1

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10 View Details

Country X ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1995 and subsequently enacted three laws: Law X (2000) guaranteeing free primary education, Law Y (2005) setting the minimum age for child labour at 16, and Law Z (2015) providing universal health care for children under 18. A 2022 report shows that 22 % of children still do not attend primary school, 12 % work in hazardous jobs, and 18 % lack access to health care. The overall compliance index is defined as 100 % minus the average of these three non‑compliance percentages. Compute the compliance index and state whether it meets the required threshold of 80 %.

Correct A. 82.7\% (meets threshold)

B. 78.9\% (does not meet threshold)

C. 84.5\% (meets threshold)

D. 80.0\% (meets threshold)

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11 View Details

In the 2020 election, the number of eligible voters increased by \(15\%\) compared with 2015. In 2015, \(60\%\) of eligible voters voted. In 2020, the original voters turned out at the same rate as in 2015, while the newly registered voters turned out at \(40\%\). The government now wants the overall turnout in 2020 to be at least \(55\%\). Assuming the turnout among original voters remains \(60\%\), what is the minimum percentage of the newly registered voters that must vote to achieve the target overall turnout? Express your answer to one decimal place.

A. 18.3\%

Correct B. 21.7\%

C. 24.5\%

D. 30.0\%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12 View Details

State one core Nigerian civic value that promotes national unity.

A. Respect for elders

Correct B. Patriotism

C. Hard work

D. Honesty

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13 View Details

A study of 2,000 secondary school students found that 800 used cannabis and 1,200 did not. Among cannabis users, 240 reported academic failure; among non‑users, 180 reported academic failure. (a) Calculate the relative risk of academic failure for cannabis users compared with non‑users, giving your answer to two decimal places. (b) If a school programme reduces cannabis use by 25\% (relative reduction) while the failure rate among users remains unchanged, what is the expected number of academic failures among the remaining cannabis‑using students? Provide your answer as a whole number.

A. 160

Correct B. 180

C. 200

D. 240

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14 View Details

The Constitution requires a two‑thirds majority in both houses of the National Assembly (each house has \(150\) members) to pass a constitutional amendment. A political party currently holds 80 seats in the House of Representatives and 70 seats in the Senate. (a) Can the party pass an amendment on its own? (b) If not, what is the minimum additional number of seats the party must win in each house to achieve the required two‑thirds majority? Provide your answer as a pair of integers separated by a comma (e.g., "20,30").

A. 15,30

B. 25,35

Correct C. 20,30

D. 20,25

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15 View Details

Define the term "tolerance" as used in civic education.

A. The willingness to endure physical pain without complaint.

B. The practice of ignoring cultural and religious differences.

Correct C. Acceptance and respect for differences in opinions, cultures, and beliefs.

D. The legal entitlement to participate in governmental elections.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16 View Details

A citizen's 18th birthday is on 12 June 2024. The next presidential election is scheduled for 5 July 2024. Is the citizen eligible to vote in that election?

A. Not yet

Correct B. Yes

C. No

D. Cannot vote

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17 View Details

A newspaper publishes a private individual's medical records without consent. Considering the Nigerian Constitution, which right is most likely to be upheld by the court, and what test is applied to determine its limitation?

A. The right to privacy is upheld; the court applies the strict scrutiny test under Section 2.

Correct B. The right to privacy is upheld; the court applies the reasonable limitation test under Section 4.

C. The right to freedom of expression is upheld; the court applies the proportionality test under Section 5.

D. The right to property is upheld; the court applies the reasonable limitation test under Section 4.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18 View Details

In 2020 Nigeria's total population was 200 million. The Yoruba constituted 15% of the population and grew at 2.5% per year, while the Igbo constituted 12% and grew at 3% per year. Assuming the total population remains constant, after how many whole years will the Yoruba population equal the Igbo population? Round up to the nearest whole year.

A. 62

B. 40

C. 55

Correct D. 46

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19 View Details

The Constitution requires a two‑thirds majority in both houses of the National Assembly and a referendum to amend the national flag. If the Senate has 109 members and the House of Representatives has 360 members, what is the minimum total number of legislators that must vote in favour for the amendment to pass, assuming all members are present?

Correct A. 313

B. 315

C. 311

D. 312

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20 View Details

A citizen earns a monthly salary of ₦150,000. The personal income tax rates are: first ₦30,000 at 5%, next ₦70,000 at 10%, and the remainder at 15%. In addition, there is a 2% contribution to the National Social Investment Fund (NSIF) on the total salary. Calculate the total monthly deduction and the net salary after deductions.

A. Total deduction = ₦18,000; Net salary = ₦132,000

B. Total deduction = ₦16,000; Net salary = ₦134,000

Correct C. Total deduction = ₦19,000; Net salary = ₦131,000

D. Total deduction = ₦34,000; Net salary = ₦116,000

Correct Answer: C

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Question 21 View Details

A driver was recorded exceeding the speed limit on three separate occasions within one year. First offense: speed \(20\) km/h over the limit, fine \(N2000\) and \(3\) penalty points. Second offense: speed \(35\) km/h over the limit. The fine is \(N3000\), but a surcharge of 10% is added if the driver already has more than \(2\) penalty points before this offense. The offense carries \(4\) penalty points. Third offense: speed \(50\) km/h over the limit, fine \(N5000\) and \(5\) penalty points. If the total accumulated penalty points after this offense exceed \(12\), the driver's licence is suspended and the fine for this offense is doubled. Calculate the total amount the driver must pay in fines and state whether the licence is suspended.

A. N15300; licence suspended

Correct B. N10300; licence not suspended

C. N10800; licence not suspended

D. N10000; licence not suspended

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22 View Details

A public infrastructure project is allocated a budget of \(N500\) million. Corruption scheme A diverts \(12\%\) of the allocated funds. Scheme B then diverts \(8\%\) of the remaining amount after scheme A. Scheme C diverts a fixed amount of \(N15\) million plus \(5\%\) of the remaining amount after scheme B. Determine (a) the total amount lost to corruption in millions of naira, and (b) the percentage of the original budget that this total represents (rounded to two decimal places).

A. N135.20 million; 27.04%

B. N130.25 million; 26.05%

Correct C. N130.44 million; 26.09%

D. N115.44 million; 23.09%

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23 View Details

The probability that a randomly selected public official engages in corrupt behaviour is \(0.15\). A newly introduced whistle‑blower system detects \(70\%\) of corrupt acts when it is used. Assuming the system is applied uniformly to all officials, compute (a) the probability that a randomly selected official will be caught committing a corrupt act, and (b) the expected number of officials caught out of a sample of 200 officials.

A. 70%; 140 officials

Correct B. 10.5%; 21 officials

C. 10.5%; 11 officials

D. 85%; 170 officials

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24 View Details

What is the minimum age at which a Nigerian citizen is eligible to vote in a federal election?

A. 25

B. 21

Correct C. 18

D. 16

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25 View Details

A vehicle travels at a speed of \(80\) km/h on a wet road. The driver's reaction time is \(1.5\) seconds. On a dry road the maximum deceleration is \(6\) m/s\(^2\), but a wet surface reduces the deceleration capability by \(30\%\). Calculate the total stopping distance (in metres) required for the vehicle, rounding the final answer to one decimal place.

A. 74.5 m

Correct B. 92.1 m

C. 90.6 m

D. 86.8 m

Correct Answer: B

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