Question 21
IGCSE_MODEL_QUESTIONS_VOL1
•
2018
•
ENGLISH_LANGUAGE
•
objective
Read the following excerpt from a debate on school uniforms:
"Uniforms are essential because they stop bullying; every student who wears a uniform is automatically respected. Moreover, schools that have uniforms always achieve higher exam results, so we must adopt them nationwide."
(a) Identify the two logical fallacies present in the excerpt.
(b) Rewrite the second sentence to remove the identified fallacy while keeping the original meaning.
(c) Suggest one persuasive rhetorical device that could strengthen the overall argument.
Answer Options
Correct Answer
A.
Fallacies: (1) Appeal to emotion (assuming respect follows from wearing a uniform) and (2) Hasty generalisation (claiming all schools with uniforms achieve higher results).\nRewritten second sentence: "Some schools that use uniforms have reported higher exam results, suggesting a possible benefit that warrants further investigation."\nSuggested rhetorical device: a rhetorical question (e.g., "If a simple change could help reduce bullying and improve learning, why should we hesitate to try it?").
B.
Fallacies: (1) Ad populum (suggesting uniforms are correct because many people support them) and (2) Post hoc ergo propter hoc (implying uniforms directly cause better scores).
Rewritten second sentence: "Uniforms appear to be linked with higher exam results, indicating a possible benefit worth exploring."
Suggested rhetorical device: alliteration (e.g., "Uniforms unite, uplift, and unlock potential.").
C.
Fallacies: (1) Appeal to authority (citing unnamed experts to support uniforms) and (2) Bandwagon (claiming everyone is adopting uniforms).
Rewritten second sentence: "Since many schools with uniforms have reported higher exam results, we might consider adopting uniforms more widely."
Suggested rhetorical device: parallelism (e.g., "Uniforms reduce bullying, uniforms improve grades, uniforms build community.").
D.
Fallacies: (1) Slippery slope (arguing that uniforms will inevitably lead to loss of individuality) and (2) False cause (assuming uniforms cause higher exam results).
Rewritten second sentence: "All schools that require uniforms achieve higher exam results, so we should implement uniforms nationwide."
Suggested rhetorical device: an anecdote (e.g., "When I visited a school with uniforms, the students seemed more focused, proving the benefit.").
Correct Answer
A
Correct Option:
Fallacies: (1) Appeal to emotion (assuming respect follows from wearing a uniform) and (2) Hasty generalisation (claiming all schools with uniforms achieve higher results).\nRewritten second sentence: "Some schools that use uniforms have reported higher exam results, suggesting a possible benefit that warrants further investigation."\nSuggested rhetorical device: a rhetorical question (e.g., "If a simple change could help reduce bullying and improve learning, why should we hesitate to try it?").
About This Question
This is
Igcse Model Questions Vol1
2018
English Language
Question 21.
It is one of the
objective
questions from the
2018
Igcse Model Questions Vol1
English Language
examination.
Difficulty level:
Hard
.