igcse model questions vol1 2017 english_language | Objective

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Question 1 View Details
Write an argumentative essay on whether school uniforms should be mandatory in secondary schools. Your essay should be between 250 and 300 words and must contain an introduction, two supporting arguments, one counter‑argument, a conclusion, and use at least two persuasive techniques such as rhetorical questions, repetition, or emotive language.
A. A well‑structured argumentative essay of 250‑300 words containing an introduction, two supporting arguments, a conclusion and at least two persuasive techniques.
B. A well‑structured argumentative essay of 200‑250 words containing an introduction, two supporting arguments, one counter‑argument, a conclusion and at least two persuasive techniques.
C. A well‑structured argumentative essay of 250‑300 words containing an introduction, three supporting arguments, one counter‑argument, a conclusion and at least two persuasive techniques.
Correct D. A well‑structured argumentative essay of 250‑300 words containing an introduction, two supporting arguments, one counter‑argument, a conclusion and at least two persuasive techniques.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2 View Details
You have visited the Riverside Community Centre, which runs a youth sports programme. The following data were recorded: - 120 students attended the programme in the last term. - 85% of participants reported they were "very satisfied" with the facilities. - The cost per student for the centre is \(\$15\) per week, while the school would need to spend \(\$22\) per student per week for a comparable in‑house programme. Write a report for the school principal recommending whether the school should partner with the centre. Your report must include an introduction, method of data collection, findings, recommendation, and a brief conclusion. Use a word limit of 300‑350 words.
A. A concise report of 250‑300 words that introduces the purpose, describes the data‑collection method, presents the three findings, recommends partnership on the basis of higher satisfaction and lower cost, and ends with a brief conclusion.
Correct B. A concise report of 300‑350 words that introduces the purpose, describes the data‑collection method, presents the three findings, recommends partnership on the basis of higher satisfaction and lower cost, and ends with a brief conclusion.
C. A concise report of 300‑350 words that introduces the purpose, describes the data‑collection method, presents the three findings, recommends not partnering due to potential scheduling conflicts, and ends with a brief conclusion.
D. A concise report of 300‑350 words that introduces the purpose, describes the data‑collection method, presents the three findings, and ends with a brief conclusion.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3 View Details
You are a member of the school debating team. Write a speech for the proposition side arguing that social media has a positive impact on teenagers' education. Your speech should be about 250 words and must contain an opening, three main points, a brief rebuttal to the opposing view, and a closing statement. Use at least one statistic, one real‑world example, and one rhetorical device.
A. A 250‑word speech containing an opening, three supporting points without any statistic or example, a brief rebuttal, and a closing that uses a rhetorical device.
B. A 250‑word speech containing an opening, three supporting points with a statistic and example, a brief rebuttal, and a closing that does not use any rhetorical device.
Correct C. A 250‑word speech containing an opening, three supporting points with a statistic and example, a brief rebuttal, and a closing that uses a rhetorical device.
D. A 250‑word speech containing an opening, four supporting points with a statistic and example, a brief rebuttal, and a closing that uses a rhetorical device.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4 View Details
Read the following passage and identify two examples of metaphor and two examples of personification. For each example, explain how it contributes to the overall effect of the passage. "The city awoke with a sigh, its streets stretching like tired limbs. Neon lights whispered secrets to the night, while traffic veins pulsed with restless blood."
A. Metaphors: "streets stretching like tired limbs" and "traffic veins pulsed with restless blood"; Personifications: "The city awoke with a sigh" and "Neon lights whispered secrets to the night" - without any explanation of their effect.
B. Metaphors: "streets stretching like tired limbs" and "Neon lights whispered secrets to the night"; Personifications: "The city awoke with a sigh" and "traffic veins pulsed with restless blood" - each explained as above.
Correct C. Metaphors: "streets stretching like tired limbs" and "traffic veins pulsed with restless blood"; Personifications: "The city awoke with a sigh" and "Neon lights whispered secrets to the night" - each explained as above.
D. Metaphors: "The city awoke with a sigh" and "Neon lights whispered secrets to the night"; Personifications: "streets stretching like tired limbs" and "traffic veins pulsed with restless blood" - each explained as above.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5 View Details
Rewrite the following sentence to improve its lexis and structure, making it suitable for a formal report: "The kids were really happy because the school gave them a lot of free books which they liked a lot."
A. The students showed mild interest in the substantial number of complimentary books offered by the school.
B. The students expressed great satisfaction with the limited number of complimentary books provided by the school.
C. The students expressed great satisfaction with the substantial number of mandatory books required by the school.
Correct D. The students expressed great satisfaction with the substantial number of complimentary books provided by the school.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6 View Details
The government introduced a new tax on sugary drinks. ___, the revenue generated was allocated to public health programmes. Which linking word best fits the blank?
Correct A. Consequently
B. Nevertheless
C. Meanwhile
D. However

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7 View Details
In the sentence "The child's behaviour was *obstinate* during the lesson," give a synonym for *obstinate* that could replace it without changing the meaning.
A. flexible
B. compliant
Correct C. stubborn
D. obedient

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8 View Details
A story is to be written about a teenager who discovers a hidden garden in the city. Which narrative technique would most effectively create suspense at the beginning of the story?
A. Action-packed opening that introduces the protagonist
B. Flashback opening that reveals backstory
C. Dialogue-driven opening that establishes setting
Correct D. Descriptive opening that hints at mystery

Correct Answer: D

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Question 9 View Details
When the storm finally subsided, the streets were ___ (1) with debris. Emergency crews arrived ___ (2) to clear the blockage. Residents, ___ (3) by the damage, gathered at the community centre for assistance. By nightfall, the situation had ___ (4) considerably.
A. cluttered, eventually, shocked, deteriorated
B. littered, slowly, stunned, worsened
C. covered, hastily, terrified, unchanged
Correct D. strewn, promptly, shaken, improved

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10 View Details
The scientist explained that the experiment ___ (1) to be repeated three times to ensure reliability. If the results ___ (2) consistent, the hypothesis would be ___ (3). However, any unexpected variation must be ___ (4) and recorded. Finally, the team would ___ (5) their findings in a peer‑reviewed journal.
A. is, are, verified, recorded, disseminate
B. were, was, confirmed, ignored, submit
C. was, were, approved, noted, archive
Correct D. was, are, validated, documented, publish

Correct Answer: D

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Question 11 View Details
Write a concluding paragraph (no more than 50 words) for a letter of complaint about a delayed train. The paragraph must use a formal register, include an apology for the inconvenience, and propose a refund of the ticket price.
Correct A. I apologise for the inconvenience caused by the train delay and would be grateful if a full refund of my ticket price could be arranged. I trust you will address this matter promptly.
B. I apologise for the inconvenience caused by the train delay and would appreciate a partial refund of my ticket price.
C. I apologise for the inconvenience caused by the train delay and request a complimentary meal voucher instead of a refund.
D. I apologise for the inconvenience caused by the train delay; however, I do not expect any compensation.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12 View Details
Write the phonemic transcription of the word "cat's" as it would be spoken in British English, and then state the total number of phonemes in the entire sentence "The cat's tail is long".
Correct A. /kæts/, 14
B. \/kæts\/, 13
C. \/kæt\/, 15
D. \/kæz\/, 14

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13 View Details
If she ____ (go) to the market, she will buy fruit.
Correct A. goes
B. go
C. went
D. going

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14 View Details
Read the passage below and answer the question that follows. "In recent years, the decline of bee populations has become a pressing environmental concern. Scientists point to several factors, but the most significant is the widespread use of pesticides in agriculture. These chemicals not only kill pests but also affect the foraging ability of bees, reducing their capacity to collect nectar and pollen. Habitat loss and climate change also play roles, yet without addressing pesticide exposure, recovery efforts will remain limited. Governments worldwide are now debating stricter regulations to protect these vital pollinators." According to the passage, what is the main reason given for the decline in bee populations?
A. climate change
B. habitat loss
C. bee diseases
Correct D. the widespread use of pesticides

Correct Answer: D

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Question 15 View Details
Which of the following words is NOT formed by simply adding the suffix "-ness" to an adjective without any spelling change? Explain why. A. darkness B. kindness C. happiness D. silence
A. sadness
B. darkness
C. kindness
Correct D. silence

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16 View Details
Read the following sentence and fill in the idiom that best completes it. "After the long debate, the committee members finally decided to ___ and reach a consensus."
A. join hands
B. work hand in hand
Correct C. put their heads together
D. put their heads apart

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17 View Details
In the sentence "The landscape was barren, offering no signs of life," identify a synonym for the underlined word "barren" and an antonym for the same word.
A. Synonym: empty; Antonym: abundant
B. Synonym: arid; Antonym: lush
Correct C. Synonym: desolate; Antonym: fertile
D. Synonym: sterile; Antonym: barren

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18 View Details
The expression "to beat around the bush" means to avoid talking directly about the main issue. Write a sentence of your own that uses this idiom correctly.
A. When I asked him about the missing money, he kept beating around the bush while planting new seedlings in the yard.
B. When I asked him about the missing money, he started beating around the bush with a garden hoe.
C. When I asked him about the missing money, he kept beating around the bush instead of calling the police.
Correct D. When I asked him about the missing money, he kept beating around the bush instead of giving a straight answer.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19 View Details
Read the passage below and write a summary in no more than 30 words that captures the main idea. "The rapid expansion of urban areas has led to a significant loss of green spaces in many cities worldwide. As concrete replaces parks and gardens, the natural habitats of numerous species are destroyed, causing a decline in biodiversity. Moreover, the reduction of trees and vegetation contributes to higher temperatures, known as the urban heat island effect, which exacerbates air pollution and health problems for residents. City planners argue that development is essential for economic growth, yet they often overlook the long‑term environmental costs. Recent studies suggest that integrating green roofs, vertical gardens, and preserving existing parks can mitigate these impacts while still allowing for urban development. Communities that invest in such sustainable solutions report improved air quality, lower energy consumption, and enhanced well‑being among inhabitants."
A. Urbanization leads to more green roofs and vertical gardens, eliminating the need for any further environmental policies.
Correct B. Urban expansion reduces green spaces, harming biodiversity and increasing heat and pollution, but integrating green infrastructure can mitigate these effects while supporting development.
C. City growth improves economies by replacing parks with buildings, which has no impact on wildlife or temperature.
D. The passage argues that preserving all existing parks is the only solution to urban heat islands, ignoring any development.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20 View Details
Write a narrative of about 80‑100 words that begins with the sentence "It was the first time I had ever seen the sea." The narrative should describe a memorable experience and include a clear ending.
A. It was the first time I had ever seen the sea. The water rose in towering gray walls, the wind howling like a wild animal as the clouds churned above. I clutched the wooden railing of the pier, feeling the spray sting my face, and watched a lone gull battle the gusts. Suddenly a flash of lightning illuminated a distant lighthouse, its beam cutting through the gloom. When the storm passed, a calm hush settled, and I realized the ocean could both frighten and soothe my restless heart.
B. It was the first time I had ever seen the sea. Dawn painted the horizon in pastel pinks, and the gentle waves lapped at my bare feet like a soft whisper. I knelt to pick up a smooth seashell, its spiral pattern catching the light. A child nearby chased a crab, giggling as it darted away, and I felt a sudden surge of joy. By noon, the tide rose, washing the shell back into the water, and I understood that some treasures are meant to be shared, not kept.
C. It was the first time I had ever seen the sea. The salty air filled my lungs as I stepped onto the dock, where fishermen mended nets and shouted greetings. I joined them, hauling a heavy rope until a bright red shoe slipped from the water and floated to the surface. We laughed, and the captain told stories of his youth, each tale ending with a lesson about patience. As the sun dipped, I returned home with the shoe as a souvenir, remembering that the sea teaches us to cherish simple moments.
Correct D. It was the first time I had ever seen the sea. The horizon stretched endlessly, a shimmering ribbon of blue that seemed to touch the sky. I stepped onto the warm sand, feeling the grains slip through my fingers, and listened to the rhythmic roar of the waves crashing against the shore. Suddenly, a bright orange kite, tangled in the wind, swooped down and landed beside me, its tail fluttering like a startled bird. I laughed, untangled it, and watched it soar again, realizing that day had given me a new sense of freedom.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21 View Details
Write a creative story of 250-300 words based on the following scenario. You are a student who, while looking for a quiet place to study in the school library, discover a hidden diary tucked behind a row of old textbooks. The diary belongs to a former pupil who attended the school fifty years ago and records a secret that could change the reputation of the school. Your story must be written from the diary's perspective, include a flashback to the former pupil's time at school, contain at least one piece of dialogue, end with an unexpected twist, and conclude with a clear moral about honesty.
Correct A. I was hidden, bound in cracked leather, waiting for a curious hand to lift me from the dust. When Ama, a quiet Year 10 girl, pulled me from the forgotten shelf, she did not know I was more than paper; I was a voice from fifty years past. "You shouldn't read this," I whispered in the rustle of my pages, but Ama's eyes sparkled with the same hunger for truth that once drove me. She opened to the first entry, dated 12 March 1973, and I began to speak. "It was the night of the fire," I wrote, recalling the orange blaze that licked the old gym roof. "Mr. Okonkwo, the caretaker, begged us to keep quiet. He said the school would be condemned if the fire report reached the board. I promised to hide the evidence." In the diary, I recalled the hushed conversation with my best friend, Chinedu, under the bleachers: "Chinedu, if we tell anyone, the school will close," I had whispered. "But if we keep it secret, the children will still have a place to learn." Ama read my confession, her brow furrowing. She imagined me as a coward, protecting a corrupt administration. Yet the next entry, dated 5 May 1973, revealed the truth: the fire was a cover for the council's plan to sell the land. By hiding the report, I bought us time. The community rallied, the school was saved, and the hidden funds were redirected to a new library. Ama closed the diary, tears glistening. "You were a hero," she said, her voice trembling. The twist lay in the final page, where I confessed that the secret I guarded was not a shameful lie but a sacrifice that preserved our future. Honesty, I learned, sometimes wears a mask; its true value is measured by the good it secures. Moral: Honesty, even when concealed, ultimately protects and builds trust.
B. I lay beneath the dust‑covered shelf, my leather cover frayed, waiting for a curious hand. When Chiamaka, a diligent Year 9 student, brushed me aside, she could not foresee that I would speak from a time half a century ago. "Do not turn these pages," I warned in a faint sigh, yet Chiamaka's curiosity overrode my plea. The first entry, dated 22 April 1972, unfolded. "The exam papers were swapped," I confessed, recalling the night the headmaster, Mr. Eze, instructed us to conceal the cheating ring. "We promised silence to protect the school's reputation." A flashback showed my friend, Ada, whispering under the old oak tree: "If we tell anyone, the school will be shut down," she said. "But if we keep it hidden, the students will still graduate." Chiamaka read on, her brow furrowing. The next entry, dated 30 June 1972, revealed that the swapped papers were a ruse to expose a corrupt official, not to cheat. The truth saved the school from a scandal, and the hidden funds were used to build a science lab. Chiamaka closed the diary, tears in her eyes. "You were brave," she whispered. The twist: the diary itself had been forged by a later student to rewrite history. Honesty, I learned, must be examined critically. Moral: True honesty demands courage to confront the past, not just to conceal it.
C. Hidden behind the row of dusty encyclopedias, I waited for a pair of hands to uncover my secrets. When Emeka, a shy Year 11 boy, lifted me, he did not realize I was a voice from 1968. "Leave me be," I rustled, but Emeka's curiosity pushed him forward. The opening entry, dated 9 September 1968, described a clandestine meeting in the school courtyard. "We will hide the evidence of the illegal land sale," I wrote, recalling the deputy principal, Mrs. Okafor, urging us to bury the documents. A flashback revealed my confidante, Bola, saying under the bleachers: "If we expose this, the school will be shut down forever. Keep it quiet, and the children will keep learning." Emeka read further, his expression tightening. The following entry, dated 14 November 1968, disclosed that the hidden documents actually contained proof of a charitable endowment that saved the school from bankruptcy. The community rallied, the sale was cancelled, and a new sports field was built. Emeka placed the diary back, whispering, "You saved us all." The unexpected twist: the diary was later discovered to be a fictional story written by a former teacher for a literature class. Honesty, I realized, can sometimes be a lesson rather than a confession. Moral: Honesty, even when imagined, can inspire real change.
D. Tucked behind the ancient chemistry textbooks, I rested in silence, my cracked spine yearning for discovery. When Fatima, an inquisitive Year 12 pupil, pulled me free, she did not anticipate hearing a voice from 1975. "Do not read this," I murmured, but Fatima's eagerness overrode my warning. The first dated entry, 3 May 1975, recounted a midnight protest in the schoolyard. "We will conceal the protest flyers," I recorded, remembering the head of sports, Mr. Balogun, demanding we hide evidence of student unrest to protect the school's image. A flashback showed my companion, Kunle, whispering beneath the old flagpole: "If the council learns, the school will be closed. Keep it secret, and we can continue our studies." Fatima's eyes widened as she turned the page to a later entry, dated 20 June 1975, which revealed that the flyers actually called for a peaceful petition that secured additional funding for the library. The hidden protest turned into a triumph, and the school received a new wing. Fatima closed the diary, saying, "You were a hero after all." The twist: the diary was later found to be a dramatized piece written by a former student for a drama competition, not a genuine record. Honesty, I learned, sometimes wears the mask of performance. Moral: Honesty must be examined, for truth can be hidden in stories as well as facts.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22 View Details
Write a formal letter of complaint (180-200 words) to the local council about the excessive noise from the new construction site opposite your school. In your letter, you must: state the problem clearly, give specific examples of how the noise disrupts lessons, refer to the council's duty to ensure a suitable learning environment, propose a realistic solution, and request a written response within two weeks.
Correct A. Your Name\nYear 10 Student, Greenfield Secondary School\n123 Maple Road\nLagos, Nigeria\n 15 October 2026\n The Director of Environmental Services\nLagos City Council\n45 Civic Centre\nLagos, Nigeria\n Dear Sir/Madam,\n\nI am writing to formally complain about the excessive noise generated by the construction site at 78 Oak Avenue, which lies directly opposite our school. Since the works began on 1 September, the constant hammering, drilling and delivery trucks have become a severe disruption to our daily lessons.\n\nFor example, during the 9:00-10:30 maths period on 3 October, the sound of a jackhammer reverberated through the classroom windows, forcing the teacher to pause the lesson repeatedly. On 10 October, a delivery lorry idling for ten minutes outside the school caused the 14:00 reading class to lose concentration, resulting in a noticeable drop in students' engagement. Such interruptions not only affect our ability to learn but also jeopardise our preparation for upcoming examinations.\n\nUnder the Lagos City Education By-law, the council has a duty to ensure that schools operate in an environment conducive to learning. The persistent noise clearly contravenes this responsibility.\n\nI respectfully propose that the council either erect temporary sound‑absorbing barriers along the construction perimeter or restrict the most disruptive activities to after school hours (after 16:00). Both measures would significantly reduce the impact on students while allowing the construction to continue.\n\nI would appreciate a written response outlining the steps the council intends to take within the next two weeks (by 29 October 2026). Thank you for your attention to this urgent matter.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\n[Signature]\nYour Name\nYear 10 Student
B. Your Name\nYear 10 Student, Greenfield Secondary School\n102 Cedar Road\nLagos, Nigeria\n\n22 October 2026\n\nThe Chief Environmental Officer\nLagos City Council\n60 City Hall\nLagos, Nigeria\n\nDear Sir/Madam,\n\nI am writing to express my serious concern about the continuous noise coming from the construction site at 55 Willow Street, situated directly opposite our school premises. Since the project started on 10 August, the incessant clanging of metal, the rumble of excavators and the frequent arrival of trucks have severely interfered with our teaching sessions.\n\nTo illustrate, during the 08:00-09:30 chemistry lesson on 9 October, the sound of an excavator striking the ground caused the windows to vibrate, forcing the teacher to stop the experiment midway. On 16 October, a delivery truck idling for twelve minutes outside the school disrupted the geography class, resulting in a loss of focus among the pupils.\n\nThe Lagos City Education By‑law obliges the council to maintain an environment suitable for learning. The present noise pollution is a direct breach of that obligation.\n\nI propose that the council either install temporary acoustic fencing around the site or restrict the most noisy operations to after‑school periods (after 15:45). Either solution would markedly reduce the disturbance while allowing the construction to proceed.\n\nI would be grateful to receive a written response outlining the corrective actions the council will take within the next two weeks (by 5 November 2026). Thank you for your immediate attention to this pressing matter.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\n[Signature]\nYour Name\nYear 10 Student
C. Your Name\nYear 10 Student, Greenfield Secondary School\n78 Pine Avenue\nLagos, Nigeria\n\n18 October 2026\n\nThe Director of Urban Development\nLagos City Council\n22 Municipal Building\nLagos, Nigeria\n\nDear Sir/Madam,\n\nI am writing to formally complain about the excessive noise generated by the new building works at 34 Birch Lane, which faces our school. Since the works began on 1 September, the relentless hammering, drilling and heavy vehicle traffic have become a major distraction during lessons.\n\nFor example, during the 13:00-14:30 history lesson on 7 October, the sound of a jack‑hammer echoed through the classroom, causing the teacher to pause repeatedly. On 14 October, a delivery lorry parked for ten minutes outside the school caused the physics practical to be abandoned due to the overwhelming noise.\n\nUnder the Lagos City Education By‑law, the council has a duty to ensure schools operate in a conducive learning environment. The current noise levels are a clear violation of this responsibility.\n\nI respectfully suggest that the council either erect temporary sound‑absorbing screens around the construction perimeter or schedule the loudest activities for after school hours (after 17:00). These steps would significantly lessen the disruption while permitting the construction to continue.\n\nPlease provide a written response detailing the measures you will implement within two weeks (by 2 November 2026). I appreciate your urgent attention to this issue.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\n[Signature]\nYour Name\nYear 10 Student
D. Your Name\nYear 10 Student, Greenfield Secondary School\n45 Oak Street\nLagos, Nigeria\n\n20 October 2026\n\nThe Head of Public Works\nLagos City Council\n78 Civic Plaza\nLagos, Nigeria\n\nDear Sir/Madam,\n\nI am writing to lodge a formal complaint regarding the persistent noise emanating from the construction site at 12 River Road, directly opposite our school. Since the commencement of works on 15 August, the constant roar of bulldozers, concrete mixers and delivery trucks has severely disrupted our lessons.\n\nFor instance, during the 10:00-11:30 English period on 5 October, the vibration from a concrete pump caused the windows to rattle, forcing the teacher to halt the class repeatedly. On 12 October, a delivery truck idling for fifteen minutes outside the school resulted in the biology lab losing concentration, leading to a noticeable decline in student participation.\n\nAccording to the Lagos City Education By‑law, the council is obligated to provide a learning environment free from such disturbances. The ongoing noise clearly breaches this duty.\n\nI propose that the council either install temporary acoustic barriers around the site or limit the most disruptive activities to after‑school hours (after 16:30). Either measure would greatly reduce the impact on our education while allowing construction to proceed.\n\nI kindly request a written response outlining the actions the council intends to take within the next two weeks (by 3 November 2026). Thank you for your prompt attention to this matter.\n\nYours faithfully,\n\n[Signature]\nYour Name\nYear 10 Student

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23 View Details
Write a descriptive passage of 150-170 words that captures the atmosphere of a bustling market in Lagos on a Saturday morning. Your description must include at least three sensory details, one simile, and one metaphor, and it should convey the energy of the scene without mentioning any specific product names.
Correct A. The market awakens before sunrise, a living organism that breathes in the humid air. Stalls burst with a kaleidoscope of bright fabrics that ripple like waves, while the chatter of vendors and buyers rises in a constant hum, as relentless as a river flowing through the streets. The scent of spices mingles with the sharp tang of fresh produce, creating an aromatic tapestry that clings to every passerby. Children dart between legs, their laughter snapping like firecrackers, and the rhythmic thump of drums from a distant corner sets a heartbeat for the crowd. Sunlight filters through the canvas roofs, turning the dust into glittering gold, and the whole scene pulses with an energy that refuses to be tamed.
B. The market comes alive before sunrise, a breathing beast in the humid air. Stalls flash with bright fabrics, and vendors shout as buyers haggle. The scent of spices hangs in the air, and children run between legs, laughing. Drums beat somewhere, and sunlight catches the dust, making it sparkle. Energy pulses through the crowd.
C. The market stirs before dawn, a giant heart pumping humid air through its veins. Stalls overflow with bright fabrics that sway, while vendors shout and buyers haggle in a steady buzz. The aroma of spices mixes with the sharp scent of fresh fruit, wrapping every passerby in a fragrant veil. Children weave through crowds, their giggles echoing, and drums thump from a corner, setting a pulse for the crowd. Sunlight slips through canvas roofs, turning dust into sparkling gold, and the scene thrums with an energy that cannot be contained.
D. The market awakens before sunrise, a living organism that breathes in the humid air. Stalls burst with a kaleidoscope of bright fabrics that ripple like waves, while the chatter of vendors and buyers rises in a constant hum, as relentless as a river flowing through the streets. The scent of suya spices mingles with the sharp tang of fresh tomatoes, creating an aromatic tapestry that clings to every passerby. Children dart between legs, their laughter snapping like firecrackers, and the rhythmic thump of drums from a distant corner sets a heartbeat for the crowd. Sunlight filters through the canvas roofs, turning the dust into glittering gold, and the whole scene pulses with an energy that refuses to be tamed.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24 View Details
Write a descriptive passage of 150-170 words that portrays a quiet beach at sunrise on the coast of Nigeria. Include at least three sensory details, one simile, and one metaphor, and ensure the tone is tranquil and reflective.
A. The first light of dawn spreads across the horizon, turning the sea into a smooth surface that shivers with each gentle ripple. The air carries a cool, salty perfume that mingles with the faint scent of wet sand, while the distant call of a lone gull echoes like a soft hymn. Waves lap the shore in a steady rhythm, their foam brushing the sand as delicately as a lover's whisper. The sky blushes pink, and the golden sun climbs slowly, painting the clouds with pastel hues. A thin breeze brushes the skin, as light as a feather, inviting thoughts to drift as freely as the tide.
B. The first light of dawn spreads across the horizon, turning the sea into a silvery mirror that shivers with each gentle ripple. The air carries a cool, salty perfume that mingles with the faint scent of wet sand, while the distant call of a lone gull echoes softly. Waves lap the shore in a steady rhythm, their foam brushing the sand. The sky blushes pink, and the golden sun climbs slowly, painting the clouds with pastel hues. A thin breeze brushes the skin, inviting thoughts to drift.
Correct C. The first light of dawn spreads across the horizon, turning the sea into a silvery mirror that shivers with each gentle ripple. The air carries a cool, salty perfume that mingles with the faint scent of wet sand, while the distant call of a lone gull echoes like a soft hymn. Waves lap the shore in a steady rhythm, their foam brushing the sand as delicately as a lover's whisper. The sky blushes pink, and the golden sun climbs slowly, painting the clouds with pastel hues. A thin breeze brushes the skin, as light as a feather, inviting thoughts to drift as freely as the tide. In this quiet moment, the beach feels like a sanctuary, a place where time pauses to breathe.
D. The first light of dawn spreads across the horizon, turning the sea into a silvery mirror that shivers with each gentle ripple. The air carries a cool, salty perfume that mingles with the faint scent of wet sand, while the distant call of a lone gull echoes like a soft hymn. Waves lap the shore in a steady rhythm, their foam brushing the sand as delicately as a lover's whisper. The sky blushes pink, and the golden sun climbs slowly, painting the clouds with pastel hues. A thin breeze brushes the skin, as light as a feather, inviting thoughts to drift as freely as the tide. Nearby, a vendor sets out chilled coconut water in bright bottles, the clink of glass adding a faint metallic note to the morning chorus. The scene feels endless, each second stretching into eternity, the water reflecting a thousand colors as the day awakens.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25 View Details
Read the following excerpt and answer the question that follows. "The wind howled through the cracked windows, rattling the old shutters as if they were desperate to escape. Inside, the candle flame flickered, casting trembling shadows on the walls. Each creak of the floorboards sounded like a warning, and the ticking clock seemed to count down the seconds of an unseen threat." Identify two language techniques the writer uses to create tension and explain how each technique contributes to the overall feeling of unease.
A. 1. Simile - The shutters are described as "as desperate as a trapped bird", which heightens the sense of panic.\n2. Irony - The calm candle flame contrasts sharply with the chaotic sounds, creating a bitter irony that unsettles the reader.
B. 1. Alliteration - The repeated "c" sounds in "cracked", "candle", and "creak" create a rhythmic pattern that builds suspense.\n2. Hyperbole - Phrases such as "the ticking clock seemed to count down the seconds of an unseen threat" exaggerate the danger, heightening the feeling of unease.
C. 1. Metaphor - The wind is called a "howling beast", suggesting a looming danger. By comparing the wind to a creature, the writer intensifies the threat.\n2. Symbolism - The cracked windows are presented as symbols of broken safety, implying that the setting itself is unstable and adding to the tension.
Correct D. 1. Personification - The wind is described as "howling" and the shutters as "desperate to escape". By giving the wind and shutters human emotions, the writer makes the environment feel alive and hostile, suggesting that even inanimate objects are reacting to danger, which heightens the sense of impending threat.\n2. Auditory imagery (onomatopoeia and sound description) - Phrases such as "rattling", "creak" and "ticking" draw the reader's attention to unsettling sounds. The repetitive, sharp noises mimic a heartbeat that quickens under stress, and the ticking clock implies a countdown, both of which amplify the feeling of unease and anticipation.

Correct Answer: D

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