Gce Model Questions Vol1 2023 Biology Question 9

Practice essay / theory question 9 from the 2023 Gce Model Questions Vol1 Biology examination. This question covers Human Reproduction, Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle, Infertility, Assisted Reproductive Technology .

Gce Model Questions Vol1 2023 Biology Essay / Theory
Topics: Human Reproduction Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle Infertility Assisted Reproductive Technology
Question 9 GCE_MODEL_QUESTIONS_VOL1 • 2023 • BIOLOGY • essay

A 28‑year‑old woman attends a fertility clinic after two years of unsuccessful attempts to conceive. She reports regular menstrual cycles but occasional mid‑cycle abdominal pain. The following investigations are performed: (i) Serum hormone concentrations on day 3 of the cycle: FSH = 6 IU/L, LH = 5 IU/L, estradiol = 120 pg/mL. (ii) Transvaginal ultrasound on day 14 shows a dominant follicle measuring 18 mm and an endometrial thickness of 5 mm. (iii) Hysterosalpingogram demonstrates patent fallopian tubes. Using this information, answer the questions below.

Question Parts

( a )
Explain the normal hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle up to the point of ovulation, describing the roles of GnRH, FSH, LH, estradiol and the feedback mechanisms involved.
( b )
Interpret the investigation results and identify the most likely factor contributing to this woman's infertility.
( c )
Discuss two assisted reproductive techniques that could be offered to this couple, outlining for each: the principle, the main steps, and at least one advantage and one limitation.
( d )
Evaluate the ethical considerations associated with the use of assisted reproductive technologies in this case.

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About This Question

This is Gce Model Questions Vol1 2023 Biology Question 9. It is one of the essay questions from the 2023 Gce Model Questions Vol1 Biology examination.

The question covers Human Reproduction, Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle, Infertility, Assisted Reproductive Technology .

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