Gce Model Questions Vol1 2021 Biology Question 4

Practice essay / theory question 4 from the 2021 Gce Model Questions Vol1 Biology examination. This question covers human respiratory system, air passage, gas exchange, ventilation, effects of smoking .

Gce Model Questions Vol1 2021 Biology Essay / Theory
Topics: human respiratory system air passage gas exchange ventilation effects of smoking
Question 4 GCE_MODEL_QUESTIONS_VOL1 • 2021 • BIOLOGY • essay

The diagram shows the major structures of the human respiratory system.

Question Parts

( a )
Describe the pathway of air from the external environment to the site of gas exchange, naming each structure the air passes through.
( b )
Explain the process of external respiration that occurs in the alveoli, including the roles of partial pressure gradients and the respiratory membrane.
( c )
The diaphragm is a muscle that assists ventilation.
( ) Describe how contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm change thoracic volume and pressure, applying Boyle’s law to explain inhalation and exhalation.
( ) A person inhales 0.5 L of air per breath at sea level (760 mmHg, 25 °C). Assuming the temperature remains constant and that the thoracic cavity volume increases by 2.0 L from an initial volume of 5.0 L, calculate the change in pressure inside the thoracic cavity relative to atmospheric pressure during inhalation. Show your reasoning.
( d )
Smoking damages the respiratory system.
( ) List two structural changes in the respiratory tract caused by chronic smoking.
( ) Discuss how each change impairs the efficiency of gas exchange.

Detailed Solution & Marking Scheme

Get the step-by-step solution, key points required by examiners and detailed marking guidance through the Edcrib AI Tutor.

Reveal Answer

About This Question

This is Gce Model Questions Vol1 2021 Biology Question 4. It is one of the essay questions from the 2021 Gce Model Questions Vol1 Biology examination.

The question covers human respiratory system, air passage, gas exchange, ventilation, effects of smoking .

View More Gce Model Questions Vol1 2021 Biology Questions More Gce Model Questions Vol1 Practice Questions Back to Questions

Master the Exam!

You've seen a preview, but there are thousands more questions plus AI tutor to break down complex solutions.

Unlock Full Access Available for Android & Windows
Chat with Support