Practice waec model questions vol1 government 2022 Past Questions

Question 1 View Details

In a state with 10 seats in the legislature, three parties obtained the following percentages of the total vote: Party A 40%, Party B 35% and Party C 25%. Under a proportional representation system that uses the largest‑remainder method with a quota of 10% (i.e., each 10% of votes gives one seat), how many more seats does Party B obtain compared with the number of seats it wins under a first‑past‑the‑post system where Party A wins 6 constituencies, Party B wins 2 constituencies and Party C wins 2 constituencies?

A. 1

B. 3

Correct C. 2

D. 0

Correct Answer: C

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 2 View Details

A municipal council currently employs 48 staff members supervised by 5 managers. Each manager can effectively supervise up to 8 staff members. The council plans to increase staff by 20% while keeping the same number of managers, but it also wants to keep the span of control at no more than 9 staff per manager. How many additional managers must be recruited? If each new manager costs ₦1.5 million per year and the council's total personnel budget is ₦120 million, will the additional managerial cost exceed 2% of the personnel budget?

Correct A. Yes, the additional managerial cost exceeds 2% of the personnel budget.

B. No, the additional managerial cost does not exceed 2% of the personnel budget.

C. Yes, the additional managerial cost equals 2% of the personnel budget.

D. Yes, the additional managerial cost exceeds 5% of the personnel budget.

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 3 View Details

In a local election, 60% of the 250,000 eligible voters turned out to vote. How many people actually voted?

A. 200000

B. 180000

Correct C. 150000

D. 125000

Correct Answer: C

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 4 View Details

Name two non‑electoral forms of political participation that citizens can engage in.

A. Participating in a boycott, posting on social media

B. Donating money, joining a protest

Correct C. Petitioning, attending public meetings

D. Volunteering, writing letters to officials

Correct Answer: C

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 5 View Details

According to the 1999 Nigerian Constitution, an amendment requires a two‑thirds majority in both houses of the National Assembly and a two‑thirds majority of the State Assemblies. The Senate (upper house) has 360 members, of which 210 voted in favour of a proposed amendment. The House of Representatives (lower house) has 400 members, of which 280 voted in favour. Twenty‑four of the thirty‑six State Assemblies approved the amendment. (a) Does the amendment meet the National Assembly requirement? (b) Does it satisfy the State Assemblies requirement? (c) Assuming both requirements are met, what is the minimum total number of favourable votes across both houses that any amendment must obtain?

A. The Senate does not meet the two‑thirds requirement (needs 240 votes, has 210); the State Assemblies do not meet the requirement (24 of 36); the minimum total favourable votes across both houses is 507.

Correct B. The Senate does not meet the two‑thirds requirement (needs 240 votes, has 210); the State Assemblies meet the requirement (24 of 36); the minimum total favourable votes across both houses is 507.

C. The Senate meets the two‑thirds requirement (needs 240 votes, has 210); the State Assemblies meet the requirement (24 of 36); the minimum total favourable votes across both houses is 507.

D. The Senate does not meet the two‑thirds requirement (needs 240 votes, has 210); the State Assemblies meet the requirement (24 of 36); the minimum total favourable votes across both houses is 530.

Correct Answer: B

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 6 View Details

The President must appoint a cabinet of five ministers drawn from three regions. The eligible candidates are: North - 4, South - 5, East - 6. The Constitution requires that at least one minister be selected from each region and that no more than two ministers be selected from any single region. How many distinct possible cabinets can be formed?

A. 1260

Correct B. 1410

C. 1320

D. 1560

Correct Answer: B

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 7 View Details

A President issues an executive order that will automatically take effect after 30 days unless the National Assembly passes a resolution of disapproval in two consecutive meetings. The Assembly meets every 10 days, with the first meeting occurring 5 days after the order is issued. Assuming the Assembly decides to oppose the order, on which day after the order's issuance will the order be nullified?

Correct A. 15

B. 25

C. 20

D. 10

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 8 View Details

A local government unit plans a three‑year waste‑management programme. The projected annual costs are: Year 1 = ₦12 000 000; Year 2 = 8 % higher than Year 1; Year 3 = 5 % higher than Year 2. The expected annual benefits (reduced health costs) are: Year 1 = ₦9 000 000; Year 2 = 1.2 times Year 1; Year 3 = 1.1 times Year 2. The unit discounts cash flows at 10 % per annum. After discounting, a grant will cover 25 % of the total discounted cost, but the grant is awarded only if the net present value (NPV) is positive after the grant is applied. Should the programme be undertaken?

Correct A. Yes, because the NPV after the grant is positive (≈ ₦2.15 million).

B. No, because the NPV after the grant is negative (≈ -₦0.45 million).

C. No, because the NPV after the grant is negative (≈ -₦0.10 million).

D. No, because the NPV after the grant is negative (≈ -₦1.20 million).

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 9 View Details

A civil judgment was delivered on 12 March 2024 (Tuesday) but the appellant was officially served with the judgment on 14 March 2024 (Thursday) because the court clerk was on strike on 13 March, which is treated as a public holiday for service purposes. Under the law, a notice of appeal must be filed within 30 days of service, and if the last day falls on a public holiday the period is extended to the next business day. What is the last calendar day on which the appellant may file the notice of appeal?

A. 14 April 2024

B. 16 April 2024

C. 30 April 2024

Correct D. 15 April 2024

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 10 View Details

A pressure group uses three tactics to influence environmental legislation. Their effectiveness scores (out of 10) are calculated from a visibility index V and an expertise index E as follows: Demonstrations = 0.6V + 0.2E; Expert reports = 0.3V + 0.6E; Contributions = 0.5V + 0.3E. In a given year V = 8 and E = 7. A new campaign‑finance law reduces the weight of contributions by 40 % (both coefficients are multiplied by 0.6). What is the total combined effectiveness score of the three tactics after the law change? Give your answer rounded to one decimal place.

Correct A. 16.5

B. 15.2

C. 16.2

D. 18.9

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 11 View Details

At a United Nations General Assembly meeting, 180 member states are present. Thirty states announce they will vote against the resolution, and twenty states will abstain. The remaining states will vote either for or against. A coalition of 12 states has pledged to vote for the resolution only if at least 100 states vote for it in total. A resolution is adopted if it receives at least a two‑thirds majority of the members present and voting (abstentions are excluded). What is the minimum number of the other undecided states (excluding the 12‑state coalition) that must vote for the resolution to ensure that the resolution is adopted and the coalition's condition is satisfied?

A. 90

B. 87

C. 89

Correct D. 88

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 12 View Details

In a federal system, a state that contains 5 % of the nation's total population is to be allocated seats in the national Senate on a strictly proportional basis. If the Senate has a total of 200 seats, how many seats should be allotted to that state?

A. 15

Correct B. 10

C. 8

D. 12

Correct Answer: B

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 13 View Details

A constitution requires that any amendment be ratified by at least three‑quarters of the states. If the federation consists of 36 states, what is the minimum number of states that must ratify an amendment for it to become law?

A. 30

Correct B. 27

C. 28

D. 24

Correct Answer: B

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 14 View Details

A pressure‑group has a total annual budget of ₦2,000,000. It allocates 40 % of the budget to lobbying activities, 35 % to media campaigns, and the remainder to research. Each research report costs ₦250,000. The group gains influence points as follows: for every ₦100,000 spent on lobbying it gains 5 points, for every ₦100,000 spent on media it gains 3 points, and each research report yields a fixed 4 points. The group needs at least 100 influence points to affect policy.\n\n(a) With the given allocation, how many influence points can the group achieve?\n(b) If the target of 100 points cannot be met, can the group reach the target by re‑allocating funds from media to lobbying (keeping the total budget unchanged) while still funding the same number of research reports? State whether it is possible, and if not, explain why.

A. It is impossible to reach 100 points; the maximum achievable is 90 points.

Correct B. It is impossible to reach 100 points; the maximum achievable is 83 points.

C. It is possible to reach 100 points; the maximum achievable is 105 points.

D. It is possible to reach 100 points; the maximum achievable is 100 points.

Correct Answer: B

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 15 View Details

A local government area (LGA) receives three sources of revenue each year: a fixed federal allocation (FA) of ₦40 million, a state allocation (SA) that equals 20 % of the sum of FA and internally generated revenue (IGR), and IGR which is directly proportional to the LGA's population. The LGA's population is 250 000 people and the per‑person IGR rate is unknown. The total annual revenue of the LGA is required to be ₦150 million.\n\n(a) Determine the per‑person IGR rate (in naira).\n(b) The LGA must allocate 30 % of its total revenue to health, 25 % to education, and the remainder to infrastructure. The LGA aims to spend at least ₦70 million on infrastructure. After meeting the health and education allocations, will the LGA have a surplus or a deficit for infrastructure, and by how much (in million naira)?

A. Deficit of 1.5 million naira

Correct B. Deficit of 2.5 million naira

C. Surplus of 2.5 million naira

D. Deficit of 3.0 million naira

Correct Answer: B

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 16 View Details

A federation has a constitution that can be amended only if (i) the amendment is passed by at least a two‑thirds majority in both the lower and upper houses of the National Assembly, and (ii) it is ratified by at least half of the 36 states. In a recent amendment proposal, 210 of the 300 members of the lower house voted in favour and 120 of the 180 members of the upper house voted in favour. Exactly 18 states have already ratified the amendment. Has the amendment been adopted?

A. Not adopted

B. Rejected

C. Pending

Correct D. Adopted

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 17 View Details

In a constitutional system, the President may declare a state of emergency, which must be approved by the Legislature within 30 days. The Constitution also allows any person to challenge the legality of the emergency in the Supreme Court, and the emergency ceases immediately if the Court declares it unconstitutional. The President declared an emergency on Day 0. The Legislature approved it on Day 25. The Supreme Court delivered a judgment that the emergency was unconstitutional on Day 40. On which day did the emergency cease to be in effect?

A. 35

B. 30

Correct C. 40

D. 25

Correct Answer: C

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 18 View Details

A President performed the following five actions during a single term: 1. Enacted a law that imposes a new tax. 2. Appointed a judge to the Supreme Court. 3. Presided over a criminal trial. 4. Vetoed a bill passed by the Legislature. 5. Issued a decree imposing a policy without any legislative approval. Considering the principle of separation of powers, how many of these actions constitute a breach of that principle?

Correct A. 3

B. 2

C. 5

D. 4

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 19 View Details

In a parliamentary election there are five political parties with the following seats in the 130‑member House of Assembly: Party A - 45 seats, Party B - 30 seats, Party C - 25 seats, Party D - 20 seats, Party E - 10 seats. A majority requires more than half the seats. Party A and Party B refuse to sit together in any coalition. What is the smallest number of parties that can form a coalition achieving a majority while respecting this restriction?

Correct A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 1

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 20 View Details

A law was enacted on 1 March 2023. A citizen filed a constitutional challenge on 15 March 2023. The Supreme Court heard the case and declared the law unconstitutional on 10 April 2023, after which the law was suspended. How many days was the law in effect?

Correct A. 40

B. 44

C. 38

D. 42

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 21 View Details

The African Union (AU) uses a weighted voting system where each member state's voting weight is proportional to its share of the total AU population, but only countries whose population exceeds 1 % of the total AU population are eligible to vote. The AU has 55 member states with a combined population of 1.2 billion. Five of these states have the following populations: Country A - 30 million, Country B - 5 million, Country C - 12 million, Country D - 45 million, Country E - 8 million. Determine which of these five countries are eligible to vote and calculate (i) the combined percentage of the total AU voting weight that the eligible countries among the five would hold, and (ii) after re‑normalising the voting weights among the eligible countries only, the percentage of the eligible voting weight that Country A and Country D each hold.

A. Countries A, C, and D are eligible; together they hold 7.5 % of the total voting weight. After re‑normalising, Country A accounts for 35 % and Country D for 65 % of the voting weight among eligible members.

B. Countries A and D are eligible; together they hold 5.00 % of the total voting weight. After re‑normalising, Country A accounts for 45 % and Country D for 55 % of the voting weight among eligible members.

C. Countries A and D are eligible; together they hold 6.25 % of the total voting weight. After re‑normalising, Country A accounts for 50 % and Country D for 50 % of the voting weight among eligible members.

Correct D. Countries A and D are eligible; together they hold 6.25 % of the total voting weight. After re‑normalising, Country A accounts for 40 % and Country D for 60 % of the voting weight among eligible members.

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 22 View Details

In a country that uses a mixed electoral system, 60 % of the 150 seats in the National Assembly are filled by first‑past‑the‑post (FPTP) constituencies and the remaining 40 % are filled by proportional representation (PR). In the most recent election Party X received 40 % of the nationwide popular vote and won 30 of the 90 FPTP seats. Assuming PR seats are allocated so that each party's total number of seats (FPTP + PR) equals its share of the popular vote, how many seats in total will Party X hold after the election?

A. 55

Correct B. 60

C. 65

D. 70

Correct Answer: B

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 23 View Details

To be recognised as a national party, a political party must satisfy two conditions: (i) it must obtain at least 6 % of the total votes in a minimum of four states, and (ii) it must win at least three seats in the National Assembly. The election results for Party Z in five states are shown below: State A - 5 % of votes, 0 seats State B - 7 % of votes, 1 seat State C - 6.5 % of votes, 2 seats State D - 8 % of votes, 0 seats State E - 4 % of votes, 1 seat Does Party Z qualify as a national party?

A. No, Party Z qualifies as a national party.

B. Yes, Party Z does not qualify as a national party.

C. Yes, Party Z qualifies as a national party.

Correct D. No, Party Z does not qualify as a national party.

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 24 View Details

A country has a bicameral legislature consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The Senate has 90 members, each serving a six‑year term, with one‑third of the seats renewed every two years. The House has 300 members elected for four‑year terms, with all seats contested at each election. In the 2024 general election, the House is fully contested and a Senate election is held for the seats whose terms expire that year. Party Y wins 45 % of the votes in the House election and obtains exactly the same proportion of seats. In the Senate election, Party Y wins 40 % of the contested seats. Assuming no changes in the composition of the remaining Senate seats, how many legislators (Senate + House) from Party Y will be in office after the 2024 elections?

A. 144

B. 150

Correct C. 147

D. 138

Correct Answer: C

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 25 View Details

A national budget of ₦2,000,000 is allocated to three major sectors: health receives 35 % of the budget, education receives 25 %, and the remaining amount is allocated to infrastructure. How much money (in naira) is allocated to infrastructure?

Correct A. 800000

B. 500000

C. 900000

D. 700000

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

waec model questions vol1 2022 government | Objective

Master the Exam!

Help others prepare! Share this practice hub: