Practice waec model questions vol1 government 2018 Past Questions

Question 1 View Details

A bill is passed by the National Assembly on Day 1. The President has 21 days to either assent or veto the bill. If the President vetoes, the Assembly may override the veto by a two‑thirds majority, a process that requires an additional 7 days of debate and voting. Assuming the President vetoes and the Assembly successfully overrides, how many days elapse from the day the bill is passed until it becomes law?

A. 14

B. 21

Correct C. 28

D. 35

Correct Answer: C

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Question 2 View Details

Nigeria has 36 states, each divided into three senatorial districts. The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) constitutes one additional senatorial district. How many senatorial districts are there in total?

A. 102

Correct B. 109

C. 108

D. 111

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3 View Details

The Nigerian Senate has 109 seats and the House of Representatives has 360 seats. Party A holds 48 Senate seats and 108 House seats. What percentage of the total seats in the National Assembly does Party A hold, and can it form a simple majority (more than 50% of the total seats)?

Correct A. Approximately 33.3%; No, it cannot form a majority

B. Approximately 45.5%; Yes, it can form a majority

C. Approximately 40.0%; No, it cannot form a majority

D. Approximately 33.3%; Yes, it can form a majority

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4 View Details

In a 360‑seat House of Representatives, Party X has 120 seats, Party Y has 80 seats, and Party Z has 30 seats. A coalition must have more than half the seats to command a majority, and any party with at least 5% of the total seats (i.e., at least 18 seats) may join a coalition. Identify the smallest number of parties that can combine to achieve a majority and name those parties.

A. Two parties: Party Y and Party Z

Correct B. Two parties: Party X and Party Y

C. Three parties: Party X, Party Y, and Party Z

D. Two parties: Party X and Party Z

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5 View Details

A bill undergoes three readings in the National Assembly. The first reading lasts 2 days, the second reading includes a committee review of 5 days, and the third reading takes 1 day. After the third reading, the President has 14 days to assent. If the President vetoes, the Assembly must wait a 10‑day cooling period before reconvening, followed by a 3‑day vote to override the veto. Assuming the President vetoes and the Assembly successfully overrides, how many total days pass from the start of the first reading until the bill becomes law?

Correct A. 35

B. 25

C. 21

D. 36

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6 View Details

Nigeria has adopted the following constitutions after independence: 1960 (Independence Constitution), 1963 (Republic Constitution), 1979 (Second Republic Constitution), 1993 (provisional Third Republic Constitution, never fully implemented), and 1999 (Fourth Republic Constitution). Excluding the provisional 1993 constitution, calculate the average interval (in years) between successive constitutions. Then determine by what percentage the interval between the 1979 and 1999 constitutions exceeds this average. Express your answer as a percentage rounded to the nearest tenth.

A. 61.5%

Correct B. 53.8%

C. 48.2%

D. 55.0%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7 View Details

In a mixed‑member proportional electoral system a parliament has 120 seats: 80 constituency seats filled by first‑past‑the‑post and 40 list seats used to achieve overall proportionality based on the national vote share. Three parties obtain the following results: - Party A: 45 % of the national vote, 30 constituency seats.\n- Party B: 35 % of the national vote, 40 constituency seats.\n- Party C: 20 % of the national vote, 10 constituency seats. Using the standard compensatory method (total seat entitlement = vote share × 120, rounded to the nearest whole number), calculate how many list seats each party receives and state the total number of seats that Party A will hold in parliament.

A. 60

B. 56

Correct C. 54

D. 50

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8 View Details

A local government intends to implement a water‑supply project. The project requires an initial capital outlay of N10 million. It will incur annual operation and maintenance (O&M) costs of N1.2 million for each of the next 5 years and is expected to generate annual revenue of N2 million for the same 5‑year period. Assuming a discount rate of 8 % per annum, calculate the net present value (NPV) of the project. Round the NPV to two decimal places (in million Naira) and state whether the project should be undertaken (NPV > 0).

A. -6.00

Correct B. -6.81

C. -5.23

D. -8.45

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9 View Details

Pressure groups are assessed on three criteria with the following weights: Membership size (40 %), Financial resources (35 %), and Access to media (25 %). Scores for each criterion are out of 100. The groups obtain these scores:\n\n- Group X: Membership 70, Resources 60, Media 80.\n- Group Y: Membership 85, Resources 50, Media 70.\n- Group Z: Membership 60, Resources 80, Media 65.\n\nCalculate the overall influence score for each group (weighted sum) and identify which group(s) have the highest influence score. Round the scores to the nearest whole number.

Correct A. Groups X and Y with a score of 69

B. Group Z with a score of 71

C. Groups X and Z with a score of 68

D. Group Y with a score of 70

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10 View Details

A civil servant is evaluated on four performance indicators with the indicated weights: Efficiency (30 %), Effectiveness (25 %), Innovation (20 %), and Public Relations (25 %). Scores are out of 10. The employee's scores are: Efficiency = 7.5, Effectiveness = 8.0, Innovation = 6.0, Public Relations = 9.0. The weighted performance index (WPI) is the sum of the weighted scores. If any indicator score is below 6, a penalty of 0.5 is deducted from the final WPI. Promotion criteria: WPI ≥ 7.5 - eligible for promotion; 7.0 ≤ WPI < 7.5 - eligible for training; otherwise not eligible. Compute the WPI (to two decimal places) and state the appropriate action for the employee.

Correct A. 7.70 - eligible for promotion

B. 6.90 - not eligible

C. 7.20 - eligible for promotion

D. 7.70 - eligible for training

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11 View Details

In the 2015 general election, 1,200,000 votes were cast, representing a voter turnout of 48%. In the 2018 election, the turnout increased by 5 percentage points and the number of votes cast increased by 150,000. How many registered voters were there for the 2018 election? Give your answer rounded to the nearest whole number.

A. 2,547,000

B. 2,600,000

C. 2,400,000

Correct D. 2,547,170

Correct Answer: D

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Question 12 View Details

A constitution requires a two‑thirds majority in both chambers of the National Assembly to pass a constitutional amendment. The House of Representatives has 200 members and the Senate has 100 members. What is the minimum number of votes required in each chamber to achieve the required majority?

Correct A. 134 votes in the House and 67 votes in the Senate

B. 135 votes in the House and 68 votes in the Senate

C. 130 votes in the House and 70 votes in the Senate

D. 133 votes in the House and 66 votes in the Senate

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13 View Details

A town has a total population of 12,000 people. Of this population, 55% are of voting age. Among those of voting age, 68% are registered voters. How many registered voters are there in the town?

Correct A. 4,488

B. 4,320

C. 4,560

D. 3,960

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14 View Details

A political party had 8,000 members at the start of 2016. Its membership grew by 12% each year. How many members did the party have at the start of 2019? Round your answer to the nearest whole member.

A. 11,300

Correct B. 11,239

C. 10,880

D. 11,200

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15 View Details

In a mixed‑member proportional electoral system, a parliament has 100 seats: 60 constituency seats are filled by first‑past‑the‑post and the remaining 40 are top‑up seats to achieve overall proportionality. Three parties obtain the following share of the party‑list vote: Party X 40%, Party Y 35%, Party Z 25%. The constituency results are: Party X wins 30 seats, Party Y wins 20 seats, and Party Z wins 10 seats. How many total seats does each party receive after the top‑up seats are allocated?

Correct A. Party X: 40 seats, Party Y: 35 seats, Party Z: 25 seats

B. Party X: 40 seats, Party Y: 30 seats, Party Z: 30 seats

C. Party X: 45 seats, Party Y: 30 seats, Party Z: 25 seats

D. Party X: 35 seats, Party Y: 35 seats, Party Z: 30 seats

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16 View Details

A local government official orders that all businesses owned by members of a particular ethnic group must close for a month, without any legal basis. Which principle of the rule of law is most directly breached in this scenario?

A. Legality

Correct B. Equality before the law

C. Judicial independence

D. Due process

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17 View Details

In a year the courts were open for 250 days. Before a legal reform, an average of 30 cases were resolved each day. After the reform, the total number of cases resolved increased by 20% while the number of days the courts were open decreased by 10%. What is the percentage change in the average daily case‑resolution rate after the reform?

A. 30.00%

B. 36.00%

Correct C. 33.33%

D. 40.00%

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18 View Details

Nigeria is evaluating two foreign‑policy strategies to boost agricultural exports to a regional bloc. Strategy A: negotiate a 15 % tariff reduction on rice, expected to raise rice export volume by 25 % from 200,000 tonnes and increase revenue per tonne by $30 due to lower transport costs. Strategy B: sign a bilateral agreement providing a $20 per tonne subsidy for cocoa, expected to raise cocoa export volume by 10 % from 150,000 tonnes. World prices are $200 per tonne for rice and $500 per tonne for cocoa. The government wants the higher net export revenue (export revenue minus any subsidy cost). Which strategy yields the higher net export revenue?

A. Neither strategy improves net export revenue

B. Both strategies yield the same net export revenue

Correct C. Strategy B

D. Strategy A

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19 View Details

The African Union admits a new member only if it satisfies three criteria: (i) be a recognized sovereign state, (ii) have a stable democratic government for at least 5 years, and (iii) have a per‑capita GDP of at least $1,200. Country X is an independent state for 10 years, its per‑capita GDP is $1,500, but its most recent elections were held 3 years ago after which a military coup occurred. Which of the AU criteria does Country X fail to meet, and can it be admitted?

A. It meets all three criteria and can be admitted.

B. It fails criterion (iii) - per‑capita GDP - and therefore cannot be admitted.

Correct C. It fails criterion (ii) - stable democratic government for 5 years - and therefore cannot be admitted.

D. It fails criterion (i) - recognized sovereign state - and therefore cannot be admitted.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20 View Details

In a recent election, 1,200,000 votes were cast out of 2,000,000 registered voters. The constitution declares an election legitimate only if voter turnout is at least 60 % and the winning candidate receives at least 40 % of the votes cast. Candidate A obtained 480,000 votes, Candidate B 350,000 votes and Candidate C 370,000 votes. Does the election satisfy both legitimacy criteria and who is the winner?

A. No; although turnout is sufficient, the winning candidate did not obtain the required share of votes.

B. Yes; both criteria are met but Candidate B is the winner.

C. No; the turnout does not meet the required threshold and Candidate B is the winner.

Correct D. Yes; both criteria are met and Candidate A is the winner.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21 View Details

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) allocates voting power based on each member's quota. The total voting power of all members is 1,000 points. A decision on a major policy can be blocked if members holding at least 85 % of the total voting power vote against it. The voting powers of the members are: A = 250, B = 180, C = 120, D = 90, E = 80, F = 70, G = 50, H = 40, I = 30, J = 20, K = 10, L = 5 points. What is the smallest possible number of members that can together hold enough voting power to block the decision?

A. 7

B. 9

C. 10

Correct D. 8

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22 View Details

In a parliamentary election using the D'Hondt method, 20 seats are to be allocated among five parties that received the following numbers of votes: Party A = 420 000, Party B = 270 000, Party C = 150 000, Party D = 90 000, Party E = 70 000. No electoral threshold is applied. How many seats does Party B obtain after the allocation?

A. 5

Correct B. 6

C. 8

D. 7

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23 View Details

A country uses a mixed‑member proportional (MMP) system with a total of 120 seats, of which 80 are constituency seats and 40 are list seats. Party Z receives 5 % of the party‑list vote and wins 9 constituency seats. List seats are allocated to bring each party's total seats as close as possible to its proportion of the party vote, and any over‑hang seats are added to the legislature. Determine (i) the number of over‑hang seats created by Party Z, and (ii) the new total number of seats in the legislature after the over‑hang seats are added.

Correct A. 3 overhang seats; total seats = 123

B. 2 overhang seats; total seats = 122

C. 4 overhang seats; total seats = 124

D. 5 overhang seats; total seats = 125

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24 View Details

During a year, a court decides 500 civil cases and 300 criminal cases. Of the civil cases, 20 % are appealed; of the appealed civil cases, 25 % are reversed on appeal. Of the criminal cases, 30 % are appealed; of the appealed criminal cases, 40 % are reversed on appeal. Assuming all non‑appealed cases are upheld, how many cases in total are finally upheld after the appeal process?

Correct A. 739

B. 740

C. 735

D. 749

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25 View Details

In the United Nations Security Council, a substantive resolution is adopted if it receives at least nine ‘yes' votes and none of the five permanent members casts a ‘no' vote (a ‘no' by a permanent member is a veto). The voting intentions are as follows: - Permanent members: P1 = yes, P2 = no, P3 = abstain, P4 = yes, P5 = yes. - Non‑permanent members: 7 vote yes, 2 vote no, 1 abstains. (a) Will the resolution be adopted with the current voting intentions? (b) If it will not be adopted, identify the single permanent member whose vote must change from ‘no' to ‘abstain' to make adoption possible, and state the minimum total number of ‘yes' votes required after that change.

Correct A. No; P2 must abstain, and at least 9 yes votes (i.e., 6 non‑permanent yes) are required

B. Yes; P2 must abstain, and at least 9 yes votes (i.e., 6 non‑permanent yes) are required

C. No; P3 must abstain, and at least 9 yes votes (i.e., 6 non‑permanent yes) are required

D. No; P2 must abstain, and at least 8 yes votes (i.e., 5 non‑permanent yes) are required

Correct Answer: A

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