waec model questions vol1 2017 physics | Essay

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Question 1 View Details
A laboratory experiment is conducted to determine the density of a liquid using a hydrometer. The hydrometer is calibrated to read a specific gravity of 1.0 when immersed in water at 4°C. In the experiment, the hydrometer reads 0.8 when placed in the liquid. The temperature of the liquid is 25°C. (a) Explain how the concept of density is related to specific gravity. (b) Calculate the density of the liquid in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³). (c) Discuss two factors that could affect the accuracy of the hydrometer readings in this experiment.
Question Parts
(a)
Explain how the concept of density is related to specific gravity.
(b)
Calculate the density of the liquid in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³).
(c)
Discuss two factors that could affect the accuracy of the hydrometer readings in this experiment.
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Question 2 View Details
A boat travels downstream and upstream on a river. The speed of the boat in still water is 15 km/h, and the speed of the river current is 5 km/h. (a) Calculate the effective speed of the boat when traveling downstream and upstream. (b) If the boat takes 2 hours to travel downstream, calculate the distance traveled downstream. (c) Discuss how the speed of the river current affects the total travel time of the boat.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the effective speed of the boat when traveling downstream and upstream.
(b)
If the boat takes 2 hours to travel downstream, calculate the distance traveled downstream.
(c)
Discuss how the speed of the river current affects the total travel time of the boat.
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Question 3 View Details
A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 25 m/s over a distance of 200 meters. The car then travels at a constant speed for a distance of 300 meters before decelerating uniformly to a stop over a distance of 100 meters. Calculate the total time taken for the entire journey and the average speed of the car during the journey.
Question Parts
(a)
Determine the time taken to accelerate to 25 m/s.
(b)
Calculate the time taken to travel the distance of 300 meters at constant speed.
(c)
Determine the time taken to decelerate to a stop over the distance of 100 meters.
(d)
Calculate the total time taken for the entire journey and the average speed of the car during the journey.
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Question 4 View Details
A block of mass 5 kg is resting on a horizontal surface. A horizontal force of 20 N is applied to the block. Calculate the acceleration of the block, considering the coefficient of friction between the block and the surface is 0.2. Discuss the factors affecting the motion of the block.
Question Parts
(a)
Determine the normal force acting on the block.
(b)
Calculate the frictional force acting on the block.
(c)
Determine the net force acting on the block and calculate the acceleration.
(d)
Discuss the factors affecting the motion of the block.
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Question 5 View Details
A block of mass 5 kg is placed on a frictionless inclined plane that makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal. The block is released from rest at the top of the incline, which is 4 m long. Calculate the following:
Question Parts
(a)
Determine the gravitational potential energy of the block at the top of the incline.
(b)
Calculate the speed of the block at the bottom of the incline just before it reaches the bottom.
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Question 6 View Details
A simple machine consists of a pulley system with two blocks of masses 3 kg and 4 kg connected by a light inextensible string over a frictionless pulley. If the system is released from rest, calculate the following:
Question Parts
(a)
Determine the acceleration of the system.
(b)
Calculate the tension in the string.
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Question 7 View Details
A cylindrical container with a height of 1.5 m and a radius of 0.3 m is filled with water. The pressure at the bottom of the container is measured. Calculate the pressure exerted by the water at the bottom of the container. Additionally, if the water is heated and the temperature increases by 50°C, determine the change in pressure due to thermal expansion, assuming the coefficient of volumetric expansion for water is 0.000214 °C⁻¹. Show all your workings.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the pressure at the bottom of the container.
(b)
Determine the change in pressure due to thermal expansion.
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Question 8 View Details
A heat engine operates between two thermal reservoirs at temperatures of 600 K and 300 K. Calculate the maximum efficiency of the engine using the Carnot efficiency formula. If the engine produces 500 J of work, calculate the total heat absorbed from the hot reservoir. Show all your workings.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the maximum efficiency of the engine.
(b)
Calculate the total heat absorbed from the hot reservoir.
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