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POST UTME UI 2023 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME UI exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2023 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

Practice these randomly selected questions to test your readiness.

Question 1

In a population of 1000 individuals, 70% are heterozygous for the gene controlling the production of a particular enzyme. If 20% of the population is homozygous recessive, what is the frequency of the recessive allele?

Correct A. 0.2

B. 0.3

C. 0.4

D. 0.5

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A plant with a genotype of BB is crossed with a plant with a genotype of bb. What is the probability that the offspring will have a genotype of Bb?

A. 0.25

Correct B. 0.5

C. 0.75

D. 0.9

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'A'?

A. to synthesize proteins

Correct B. to store genetic information

C. to regulate cell growth

D. to transport materials

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4

A diagram of a nervous system is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'B'?

Correct A. to transmit signals

B. to store information

C. to regulate body temperature

D. to control movement

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

A diagram of a hormonal system is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'C'?

A. to regulate growth

B. to control metabolism

C. to stimulate reproduction

Correct D. to maintain homeostasis

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6

In the process of cellular respiration, what is the primary function of the electron transport chain?

A. To generate ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation

B. To produce NADH and FADH2

Correct C. To pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane

D. To reduce oxygen to water

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7

A patient is diagnosed with a bacterial infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Which of the following antibiotics is most likely to be effective against this bacterium?

A. Penicillin

B. Erythromycin

C. Ciprofloxacin

Correct D. Vancomycin

Correct Answer: D

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Question 8

A plant's xylem is responsible for transporting what subs\tance from the roots to the leaves?

Correct A. Water and minerals

B. Sugars and amino acids

C. Hormones and nutrients

D. Oxygen and carbon dioxide

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

A scientist is studying the classification of living organisms. Which of the following kingdoms is characterized by the presence of cell walls made of chitin?

A. Animalia

Correct B. Fungi

C. Plantae

D. Protista

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10

A plant undergoes photosynthesis to produce what type of sugar?

Correct A. Glu\cose

B. Fructose

C. Sucrose

D. Lactose

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

In the context of evolutionary bio\logy, what is the primary mechanism driving the process of speciation in a population of organisms?

A. Genetic drift

B. Mutation

C. Gene flow

Correct D. Natural selection

Correct Answer: D

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Question 12

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Identify the organelle responsible for photosynthesis.

A. Mitochondria

B. Vacuole

Correct C. Chloroplast

D. Nucleus

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13

A patient is diagnosed with a bacterial infection. The bacteria are resis\tant to multiple antibiotics. What is the most likely mechanism of resis\tance?

Correct A. Horizontal gene transfer

B. Vertical gene transfer

C. Mutation

D. Gene expression

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

A diagram of the human digestive system is shown below. Identify the organ responsible for the absorption of nutrients.

A. Stomach

B. Pancreas

Correct C. Small intestine

D. Liver

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15

A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. Identify the organ responsible for gas exchange.

A. Trachea

B. Diaphragm

Correct C. Lungs

D. Bronchi

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16

In the context of hormonal coordination, what is the primary function of the hypothalamus in regulating body temperature?

A. Producing hormones that stimulate the thyroid gland

Correct B. Regulating body temperature through the pituitary gland

C. Stimulating the adrenal glands to produce cortisol

D. Producing hormones that inhibit the thyroid gland

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

A diagram of the xylem and phloem tissues in a plant stem is shown below. Which of the following statements is true regarding the xylem tissue?

Correct A. It transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves

B. It transports sugars and amino acids from the leaves to the roots

C. It transports water and minerals from the leaves to the roots

D. It transports sugars and amino acids from the roots to the leaves

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

A diagram of the human nervous system is shown below. Which of the following statements is true regarding the cerebellum?

A. It is responsible for controlling voluntary movements

B. It is responsible for regulating body temperature

C. It is responsible for proces\sing sensory information

Correct D. It is responsible for controlling involuntary movements

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19

A diagram of the human digestive system is shown below. Which of the following statements is true regarding the small intestine?

A. It is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes

B. It is responsible for breaking down proteins and carbohydrates

Correct C. It is responsible for absorbing vitamins and minerals

D. It is responsible for absorbing fats and oils

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

A diagram of the human circulatory system is shown below. Which of the following statements is true regarding the heart?

Correct A. It pumps blood to the lungs for oxygenation

B. It pumps blood to the body for oxygenation

C. It pumps blood to the heart for oxygenation

D. It pumps blood to the liver for oxygenation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.64

B. 0.36

C. 0.16

D. 0.04

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

A. Trachea

Correct B. Lungs

C. Diaphragm

D. Bronchi

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

The following diagram shows a cross-section of a plant root. What is the function of the structure labeled 'A'?

Correct A. Transport of water and minerals

B. Transport of sugars and amino acids

C. Support and storage

D. Protection from pathogens

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

A diagram of the human excretory system is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for the reabsorption of glu\cose?

A. Kidneys

Correct B. Renal tubules

C. Ureters

D. Bladder

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25

The following diagram shows a cross-section of a human cell. What is the function of the structure labeled 'A'?

A. Site of protein synthesis

Correct B. Site of cellular respiration

C. Site of cell signaling

D. Site of cell division

Correct Answer: B

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