Practice post utme summit university biology 2024 Past Questions

Question 1

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.36

B. 0.64

C. 0.72

D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'A'.

A. Mitochondria

B. Chloroplast

Correct C. Nucleus

D. Vacuole

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3

A 2.5 L flask contains 0.15 mol of a gas at 27°C. If 0.05 mol of the gas is added to the flask, what is the new pressure?

A. 1.5 atm

Correct B. 2.0 atm

C. 2.5 atm

D. 3.0 atm

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4

A diagram of a simple harmonic motion is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'B'.

A. Displacement

Correct B. Velocity

C. Acceleration

D. Time

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5

A 0.5 L flask contains 0.05 mol of a gas at 37°C. If the volume of the flask is doubled, what is the new pressure?

A. 0.5 atm

Correct B. 1.0 atm

C. 1.5 atm

D. 2.0 atm

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.36

B. 0.64

C. 0.72

D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

A plant with the genotype 'Tt' is crossed with a plant with the genotype 'Tt'. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype 'tt'?

Correct A. 0.25

B. 0.5

C. 0.75

D. 0.9

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

A neuron has a resting potential of -70 mV. If the membrane potential changes to -60 mV, what is the percentage change in the membrane potential?

A. 10%

Correct B. 20%

C. 30%

D. 40%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

A kidney stone is composed of calcium oxalate. The molar mass of calcium oxalate is 128 g/mol. If 2.5 g of calcium oxalate is excreted in the urine, what is the number of moles of calcium oxalate excreted?

Correct A. 0.0195 mol

B. 0.039 mol

C. 0.0585 mol

D. 0.078 mol

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

A person is breathing in oxygen at a rate of 10 L/min. If the partial pressure of oxygen in the air is 21 kPa, what is the rate of oxygen diffusion into the lungs?

Correct A. 0.21 L/min

B. 0.42 L/min

C. 0.63 L/min

D. 0.84 L/min

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

In the context of asexual reproduction, what is the primary advantage of budding in yeast?

A. Increased genetic diversity

Correct B. Reduced energy exp\enditure

C. Enhanced survival rate

D. Improved nutrient uptake

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12

The diagram below represents a cross-section of a plant root. Identify the structure labeled 'A'.

Correct A. Xylem

B. Phloem

C. Cortex

D. Endodermis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13

A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population is 100 and the growth rate is 20% per hour, what will be the population after 5 hours?

A. 1000

B. 2000

C. 4000

Correct D. 8000

Correct Answer: D

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Question 14

In the context of sexual reproduction, what is the primary function of the sperm's acrosome?

A. To provide energy for the sperm

B. To facilitate sperm motility

Correct C. To penetrate the egg's zona pellucida

D. To regulate sperm-egg fusion

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15

The diagram below represents a phy\logenetic tree. Identify the common ancestor of species A and B.

A. Species A

B. Species B

Correct C. Common Ancestor

D. Species C

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16

In a eukaryotic cell, the process of mitosis is initiated by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, which is triggered by the activation of the Δπδαλλασερ \( anaphase-promoting complex \). What is the primary function of the Δπδαλλασερ in this context?

Correct A. To degrade the cohe\sin protein that holds sister chromatids together

B. To activate the kinetochore proteins that attach microtubules to the centromere

C. To phosphorylate the histone proteins that compact the chromatin

D. To recruit the spindle checkpoint proteins that monitor chromosome segregation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

A population of Drosophila melanogaster flies is being studied for its genetic variation. The flies are heterozygous for a gene that controls eye color, with one allele coding for red eyes and the other allele coding for white eyes. What is the probability that a fly with this genotype will produce offspring with red eyes?

A. 0.25

Correct B. 0.5

C. 0.75

D. 1.0

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18

A researcher is studying the evolution of a particular trait in a population of E. coli bacteria. The trait is controlled by a \single gene with two alleles: one that codes for a dark-colored colony and one that codes for a light-colored colony. The population is initially fixed for the dark-colored allele, but a mutation occurs that introduces the light-colored allele. What is the expected frequency of the light-colored allele in the population after one generation of random mating?

A. 0.25

Correct B. 0.5

C. 0.75

D. 1.0

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19

A plant cell is undergoing cell division. The chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibers, and the nuclear envelope is \beginning to break down. What is the stage of cell division that the plant cell is currently in?

Correct A. Prophase

B. Metaphase

C. Anaphase

D. Telophase

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

A geneticist is studying the inheri\tance of a particular trait in a family. The trait is controlled by a \single gene with two alleles: one that codes for a dominant phenotype and one that codes for a recessive phenotype. The geneticist has collected data on the genotypes and phenotypes of the family members and has constructed a Punnett square to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. What is the probability that an offspring will be homozygous recessive for the gene?

A. 0.25

Correct B. 0.5

C. 0.75

D. 1.0

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.64

B. 0.36

C. 0.16

D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

A patient has a blood sample with a hemoglobin level of 10 g/dL. If the normal range for hemoglobin is 13.5-17.5 g/dL, what is the percentage of the patient's hemoglobin level that is below the normal range?

A. 25%

Correct B. 50%

C. 75%

D. 90%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli. The researcher measures the growth of E. coli at different pH levels and plots the results on a graph. If the graph shows that the growth of E. coli is highest at a pH of 7.0, what can be concluded about the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli?

Correct A. pH has a positive effect on the growth of E. coli

B. pH has a negative effect on the growth of E. coli

C. pH has no effect on the growth of E. coli

D. pH has a neutral effect on the growth of E. coli

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

A diagram shows a plant with a root system and a shoot system. The root system has a taproot and a lateral root. The shoot system has a stem and a leaf. What is the name of the plant?

A. Radish

B. Carrot

Correct C. Potato

D. Tomato

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25

A patient has a blood sample with a white blood cell count of 10,000 cells/μL. If the normal range for white blood cell count is 4,000-11,000 cells/μL, what is the percentage of the patient's white blood cell count that is above the normal range?

A. 25%

B. 50%

C. 75%

Correct D. 90%

Correct Answer: D

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