POST UTME SUMMIT UNIVERSITY 2024 Biology | Objective

Practice these randomly selected questions to test your readiness.

Question 1
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
A. 0.64
B. 0.36
C. 0.16
D. 0.84
Question 2
A person has a visual acuity of 6/60 in the right eye. What is the primary function of the fovea in the retina?
A. To detect movement and changes in brightness
B. To detect colors and fine details
C. To regulate the pupil size
D. To produce tears for lubrication
Question 3
A plant has a root system with a high root-to-shoot ratio. What can be inferred about the plant's growth environment?
A. The plant is growing in a well-drained soil with adequate nutrients
B. The plant is growing in a water\logged soil with limited nutrients
C. The plant is growing in a soil with high pH and low nutrient availability
D. The plant is growing in a soil with low pH and high nutrient availability
Question 4
The diagram below represents a cross-section of a plant root. Identify the structure labeled 'A'.
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Cortex
D. Endodermis
Question 5
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli. The researcher measures the growth of E. coli at different pH levels and plots the results on a graph. If the graph shows that the growth of E. coli is highest at a pH of 7.0, what can be concluded about the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli?
A. pH has a positive effect on the growth of E. coli
B. pH has a negative effect on the growth of E. coli
C. pH has no effect on the growth of E. coli
D. pH has a neutral effect on the growth of E. coli
Question 6
A geneticist is studying the inheri\tance of a particular trait in a family. The trait is controlled by a \single gene with two alleles: one that codes for a dominant phenotype and one that codes for a recessive phenotype. The geneticist has collected data on the genotypes and phenotypes of the family members and has constructed a Punnett square to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. What is the probability that an offspring will be homozygous recessive for the gene?
A. 0.25
B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 1.0
Question 7
A researcher is studying the evolution of a particular trait in a population of  E. coli  bacteria. The trait is controlled by a \single gene with two alleles: one that codes for a dark-colored colony and one that codes for a light-colored colony. The population is initially fixed for the dark-colored allele, but a mutation occurs that introduces the light-colored allele. What is the expected frequency of the light-colored allele in the population after one generation of random mating?
A. 0.25
B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 1.0
Question 8
A 0.5 L flask contains 0.05 mol of a gas at 37°C. If the volume of the flask is doubled, what is the new pressure?
A. 0.5 atm
B. 1.0 atm
C. 1.5 atm
D. 2.0 atm
Question 9
A neuron has a resting potential of -70 mV. If the membrane potential changes to -60 mV, what is the percentage change in the membrane potential?
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 30%
D. 40%
Question 10
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli). The researcher measures the growth of E. coli at different pH levels and plots the data on a graph. What is the expected shape of the graph?
A. Sigmoid
B. Linear
C. Exponential
D. Logarithmic
Question 11
In the context of gas exchange, what is the primary function of the alveolar-capillary membrane?
A. To facilitate the diffusion of oxygen into the bloodstream
B. To regulate the pH of the blood
C. To remove carbon dioxide from the blood
D. To produce surfac\tant for lung expansion
Question 12
A patient has a blood pressure of 180/100 mmHg. What is the primary function of the baroreceptors in the walls of the carotid \sinus?
A. To detect changes in blood pressure and s\end signals to the brain
B. To regulate the heart rate and contractility
C. To control the diameter of the blood vessels
D. To produce antihypertensive hormones
Question 13
A plant with the genotype 'Tt' is crossed with a plant with the genotype 'Tt'. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype 'tt'?
A. 0.25
B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 0.9
Question 14
A patient has a blood sample with a hemoglobin level of 10 g/dL. If the normal range for hemoglobin is 13.5-17.5 g/dL, what is the percentage of the patient's hemoglobin level that is below the normal range?
A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 90%
Question 15
A person is breathing in oxygen at a rate of 10 L/min. If the partial pressure of oxygen in the air is 21 kPa, what is the rate of oxygen diffusion into the lungs?
A. 0.21 L/min
B. 0.42 L/min
C. 0.63 L/min
D. 0.84 L/min

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