POST UTME RSU 2024 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME RSU exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2024 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

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Question 1
The process of mitosis in a eukaryotic cell is initiated by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, which is triggered by the activation of the protein kinase Cdc28. What is the primary function of the Cdc28 protein in this context?
Correct A. To phosphorylate and activate the cyclin-dep\endent kinase
B. To bind to and inhibit the anaphase-promoting complex
C. To regulate the expression of the histone genes
D. To control the synthesis of the microtubules

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. What is the primary function of the structure labeled 'A'?
Correct A. To focus light onto the retina
B. To regulate the amount of light entering the eye
C. To detect color and brightness
D. To control the movement of the eye

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
The reaction below is an example of a biochemical pathway. What is the primary function of the enzyme labeled 'E1'?
Correct A. To catalyze the conversion of A to C
B. To regulate the expression of the gene encoding E1
C. To bind to and inhibit the substrate A
D. To control the synthesis of the product D

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
The graph below shows the relationship between the concentration of a substrate and the rate of enzyme activity. What is the primary conclusion that can be drawn from this graph?
A. The enzyme is saturated at high substrate concentrations
B. The enzyme is inhibited at low substrate concentrations
Correct C. The enzyme follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics
D. The enzyme is activated at high substrate concentrations

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5
The diagram below shows the structure of a protein. What is the primary function of the region labeled 'A'?
Correct A. To bind to and regulate the activity of the protein
B. To catalyze the conversion of a substrate to a product
C. To regulate the expression of the gene encoding the protein
D. To control the synthesis of the protein

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6
In the process of osmoregulation, what is the primary mechanism by which the kidney regulates the concentration of ions in the blood?
Correct A. Active transport
B. Passive diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Filtration

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
A patient is diagnosed with a bacterial infection. The bacteria are gram-positive and have a thick peptidoglycan cell wall. Which of the following antibiotics would be most effective against this infection?
A. Penicillin
B. Ciprofloxacin
Correct C. Vancomycin
D. Metronidazole

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8
A plant grows in a controlled environment with a cons\tant temperature of 25°C and a photoperiod of 12 hours. What is the expected effect on the plant's growth rate?
Correct A. Increased growth rate
B. Decreased growth rate
C. No effect on growth rate
D. Variable growth rate

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
A species of bacteria is classified as a member of the domain Bacteria, kingdom Bacteria, phylum Proteobacteria, class Gammaproteobacteria, order Enterobacteriales, family Enterobacteriaceae, genus Escherichia, and species Escherichia coli. What is the correct taxonomic classification of this species?
A. Domain: Archaea, Kingdom: Animalia
B. Domain: Bacteria, Kingdom: Plantae
Correct C. Domain: Bacteria, Kingdom: Bacteria, Phylum: Proteobacteria
D. Domain: Eukarya, Kingdom: Fungi

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10
A couple is trying to conceive a child. The woman has a history of recurrent miscarriages, and the man has a low sperm count. What is the most likely cause of their infertility?
A. Endometriosis
B. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Correct C. Varicocele
D. Cervical stenosis

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11
The process of natural selection can be described as a mechanism that favors the survival and reproduction of individuals with traits that are better suited to their environment. Which of the following is a key component of this process?
A. Genetic drift
B. Mutation
C. Gene flow
Correct D. Variation in fitness

Correct Answer: D

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Question 12
In the context of cellular respiration, what is the primary function of the electron transport chain?
Correct A. To generate ATP
B. To produce NADH and FADH2
C. To transport electrons across the membrane
D. To synthesize glu\cose

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13
The hormone insulin plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. Which of the following is a key effect of insulin on glu\cose metabolism?
A. Increased glu\cose production in the liver
B. Decreased glu\cose uptake in muscles
C. Increased glu\cose storage in adipose tissue
Correct D. Decreased glu\cose release from glycogen stores

Correct Answer: D

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Question 14
The process of mitosis is essential for the growth and development of multicellular organisms. Which of the following is a key stage in the mitotic process?
Correct A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
The nervous system is responsible for transmitting and proces\sing information throughout the body. Which of the following is a key type of neuron?
A. Sensory neuron
B. Motor neuron
C. Interneuron
Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16
In a population of 1000 individuals, the frequency of the dominant allele (A) is 0.6 and the frequency of the recessive allele (a) is 0.4. What is the expected genotype and phenotype distribution in the offspring of a cross between two heterozygous individuals (Aa)?
Correct A. Genotype: 25% AA, 50% Aa, 25% aa; Phenotype: 25% tall, 50% medium, 25% short
B. Genotype: 50% AA, 25% Aa, 25% aa; Phenotype: 50% tall, 25% medium, 25% short
C. Genotype: 25% AA, 50% Aa, 25% aa; Phenotype: 50% tall, 25% medium, 25% short
D. Genotype: 50% AA, 50% Aa, 0% aa; Phenotype: 50% tall, 50% medium, 0% short

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the growth rate of E. coli bacteria. The data collected are as follows: Temperature (°C), Growth Rate \( h-1 \): 20, 0.2; 25, 0.5; 30, 1.0; 35, 1.5. What is the best-fit linear equation for the data?
Correct A. y = 0.05x + 0.1
B. y = 0.1x - 0.5
C. y = 0.05x - 0.1
D. y = 0.1x + 0.5

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18
A diagram shows a plant with a \single cotyledon (seed leaf). What is the most likely type of plant?
A. Dicotyledonous plant
Correct B. Monocotyledonous plant
C. Gymnosperm
D. Angiosperm

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19
A diagram shows a simple circuit with a battery, a resistor, and a light bulb. If the battery has a voltage of 9V and the resistor has a resis\tance of 10Ω, what is the current flowing through the light bulb?
Correct A. 0.9A
B. 0.1A
C. 1.0A
D. 9.0A

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20
A diagram shows a cross-section of a human heart, showing the atria and ventricles. What is the function of the atrioventricular (AV) valves?
Correct A. To prevent backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria
B. To prevent backflow of blood from the atria to the ventricles
C. To regulate the flow of blood from the atria to the ventricles
D. To regulate the flow of blood from the ventricles to the atria

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
In the context of evolutionary bio\logy, what is the primary mechanism driving the process of speciation?
A. Genetic drift
Correct B. Natural selection
C. Gene flow
D. Mutation

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22
A researcher is studying the effects of a new antibiotic on a bacterial population. The researcher observes that the bacteria are becoming resis\tant to the antibiotic at an alarming rate. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this phenomenon?
Correct A. Horizontal gene transfer
B. Vertical gene transfer
C. Mutation
D. Gene duplication

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23
A plant has a genotype of BBSS. What is the probability that a seed produced by this plant will be homozygous dominant for the trait?
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 50%
Correct D. 100%

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'A'?
Correct A. To focus light on the retina
B. To detect movement
C. To regulate pupil size
D. To produce tears

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
A researcher is studying the effects of a new pesticide on a population of insects. The researcher observes that the pesticide is cau\sing the insects to become sterile. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this phenomenon?
Correct A. The pesticide is disrupting the insects' reproductive cycle
B. The pesticide is cau\sing the insects to become resis\tant to the pesticide
C. The pesticide is affecting the insects' nervous system
D. The pesticide is cau\sing the insects to become more aggressive

Correct Answer: A

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