POST UTME RHEMA UNIVERSITY 2020 Biology | Objective

Practice these randomly selected questions to test your readiness.

Question 1
In the context of respiratory physio\logy, what is the primary function of the diaphragm during inspiration?
A. To increase thoracic pressure
B. To decrease thoracic pressure
C. To maintain cons\tant thoracic pressure
D. To increase abdominal pressure
Question 2
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
A. 0.64
B. 0.36
C. 0.16
D. 0.04
Question 3
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that the frequency of alleles in a population remains cons\tant from generation to generation. If the frequency of the dominant allele 'A' is 0.8 and the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2, what is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype 'Aa'?
A. 0.16
B. 0.32
C. 0.48
D. 0.64
Question 4
Which of the following biomes is characterized by a lack of vegetation and a high level of aridity?
A. Rainforest
B. Desert
C. Grassland
D. Tundra
Question 5
A 2-year-old child is brought to the pediatrician with a history of recurrent infections. Physical examination reveals a child with a small thymus and a lack of T cells in the blood. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. DiGeorge syndrome
B. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
C. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
D. Ataxia-telangiectasia
Question 6
A researcher is studying the effects of a new pesticide on a population of insects. Which of the following statistical tests would be most appropriate for analyzing the data?
A. t-test
B. ANOVA
C. Regression analysis
D. Chi-squared test
Question 7
A researcher is studying the effects of a new medication on blood pressure in a group of patients. Which of the following statistical tests would be most appropriate for analyzing the data?
A. t-test
B. ANOVA
C. Regression analysis
D. Chi-squared test
Question 8
A neuron's action potential is generated by the movement of ions across its membrane. Which of the following ions is primarily responsible for the depolarization phase of the action potential?
A. Sodium ions \( Na+ \)
B. Potassium ions \( K+ \)
C. Calcium ions \( Ca2+ \)
D. Chloride ions \( Cl- \)
Question 9
A study on the evolution of antibiotic resis\tance in bacteria revealed that the rate of resis\tance development is influenced by the frequency of antibiotic use. Which of the following best describes the relationship between antibiotic use and antibiotic resis\tance?
A. The more antibiotics used, the lower the rate of resis\tance development.
B. The more antibiotics used, the higher the rate of resis\tance development.
C. There is no relationship between antibiotic use and resis\tance development.
D. The relationship between antibiotic use and resis\tance development is unclear.
Question 10
A 30-year-old woman presents with a 2-year history of recurrent episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this patient's symptoms?
A. Meniere's disease
B. Labyrinthitis
C. Vestibular schwannoma
D. Acoustic neuroma
Question 11
A 40-year-old man presents with a 5-year history of progressive difficulty with speech and swallowing. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this patient's symptoms?
A. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
B. Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)
C. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD)
D. Multiple system atrophy (MSA)
Question 12
A geneticist is studying the effect of a mutation on the structure of a protein. The geneticist uses X-ray crystal\lography to determine the structure of the protein and finds that the mutation causes a change in the secondary structure of the protein. Which of the following best describes the effect of the mutation on the protein?
A. The mutation causes a change in the primary structure of the protein.
B. The mutation causes a change in the secondary structure of the protein.
C. The mutation causes a change in the tertiary structure of the protein.
D. The mutation has no effect on the structure of the protein.
Question 13
A geneticist is studying the inheri\tance of a trait in a population of mice. The geneticist measures the frequency of the trait in different generations and plots the data on a graph. Which of the following best describes the pattern of inheri\tance?
A. The trait is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.
B. The trait is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.
C. The trait is inherited in a sex-linked pattern.
D. The pattern of inheri\tance is unclear.
Question 14
What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Cell signaling
C. Energy production
D. Cell division
Question 15
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the expected frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
A. 0.36
B. 0.64
C. 0.72
D. 0.84

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