Practice post utme redeemers university government 2020 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of constitutionalism in Nigeria is exemplified by the 1999 Constitution's provision for the separation of powers between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Which of the following best describes the implications of this provision?

Correct A. It ensures that no single branch of government has absolute power.

B. It allows for the concentration of power in the hands of the President.

C. It enables the President to appoint judges and other officials.

D. It permits the National Assembly to override the President's veto.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A political party's primary function is to nominate candidates for public office. Which of the following is a characteristic of a political party?

A. To provide a platform for the expression of diverse opinions.

B. To promote the interests of a particular group or class.

Correct C. To provide a means of selecting candidates for public office.

D. To engage in electoral campaigns and propaganda.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3

The 1963 Republican Constitution of Nigeria introduced a federal system of government. Which of the following was a consequence of this system?

Correct A. The creation of more states and local governments.

B. The concentration of power in the hands of the President.

C. The establishment of a parliamentary system of government.

D. The abolition of the federal character principle.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

The concept of electoral system refers to the rules and procedures governing the conduct of elections. Which of the following is a characteristic of a proportional representation electoral system?

Correct A. It allocates seats to parties in proportion to the number of votes received.

B. It uses a first-past-the-post system to determine winners.

C. It requires a run-off election to determine the winner.

D. It uses a single transferable vote system to determine winners.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

The concept of constitutional development in Nigeria refers to the process of creating and amending the country's constitution. Which of the following is a characteristic of the 1999 Constitution?

A. It is a rigid constitution that cannot be amended.

B. It is a flexible constitution that can be amended through a simple majority vote.

Correct C. It is a federal constitution that divides power between the federal and state governments.

D. It is a unitary constitution that concentrates power in the hands of the President.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6

The concept of legitimacy in international relations is closely tied to the idea of sovereignty. Discuss how the United Nations (UN) has attempted to balance the need for state sovereignty with the need for international cooperation and collective security.

A. The UN has consistently prioritized state sovereignty over international cooperation, leading to a lack of effective collective security measures.

Correct B. The UN has successfully balanced state sovereignty with international cooperation through the use of soft law and diplomatic pressure.

C. The UN has prioritized international cooperation over state sovereignty, leading to a decline in national sovereignty and an increase in international intervention.

D. The UN has not attempted to balance state sovereignty with international cooperation, instead focusing on promoting national sovereignty and non-interference.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

The African Union (AU) has established several mechanisms for promoting peace and security on the continent. Discuss the role of the AU's Peace and Security Council (PSC) in promoting peace and security in Africa.

A. The PSC has been ineffective in promoting peace and security in Africa, due to a lack of resources and a lack of commitment from member states.

Correct B. The PSC has been successful in promoting peace and security in Africa, through the use of diplomatic pressure and economic incentives.

C. The PSC has prioritized the interests of powerful member states over the needs of smaller and weaker states, leading to a lack of effective peace and security measures.

D. The PSC has not played a significant role in promoting peace and security in Africa, instead focusing on promoting economic development and cooperation.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has established several mechanisms for promoting economic integration and cooperation among its member states. Discuss the role of the ECOWAS Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) in promoting peace and security in West Africa.

A. ECOMOG has been ineffective in promoting peace and security in West Africa, due to a lack of resources and a lack of commitment from member states.

Correct B. ECOMOG has been successful in promoting peace and security in West Africa, through the use of military force and economic incentives.

C. ECOMOG has prioritized the interests of powerful member states over the needs of smaller and weaker states, leading to a lack of effective peace and security measures.

D. ECOMOG has not played a significant role in promoting peace and security in West Africa, instead focusing on promoting economic development and cooperation.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

The concept of power in international relations is closely tied to the idea of influence. Discuss how the use of soft power by the United States has impacted its relationships with other countries.

A. The use of soft power by the United States has led to a decline in its influence and a rise in anti-American sentiment around the world.

Correct B. The use of soft power by the United States has been successful in promoting its interests and values, through the use of cultural exchange programs and economic aid.

C. The use of soft power by the United States has been ineffective in promoting its interests and values, due to a lack of resources and a lack of commitment from other countries.

D. The use of soft power by the United States has not had a significant impact on its relationships with other countries, instead focusing on promoting military power and hard power.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10

The concept of authority in international relations is closely tied to the idea of legitimacy. Discuss how the use of authority by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has impacted its relationships with member countries.

A. The use of authority by the IMF has led to a decline in its legitimacy and a rise in anti-IMF sentiment among member countries.

Correct B. The use of authority by the IMF has been successful in promoting its goals and values, through the use of conditionality and economic incentives.

C. The use of authority by the IMF has been ineffective in promoting its goals and values, due to a lack of resources and a lack of commitment from member countries.

D. The use of authority by the IMF has not had a significant impact on its relationships with member countries, instead focusing on promoting economic development and cooperation.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11

The concept of legitimacy in the context of political power is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and authority, using examples from the political systems of Nigeria and the United States.

Correct A. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for authority, but not a sufficient one.

B. Authority is a necessary condition for legitimacy, but not a sufficient one.

C. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable concepts.

D. Legitimacy is a concept that is unique to Nigeria's political system.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

The African Union (AU) has been criticized for its slow response to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. Discuss the AU's role in regional health security and its limitations in responding to public health crises.

Correct A. The AU has a well-established framework for regional health security, but lacks the resources to implement it.

B. The AU's role in regional health security is limited to providing technical assistance to member states.

C. The AU has a strong track record of responding to public health crises, but faces challenges in coordinating its efforts.

D. The AU's role in regional health security is primarily focused on promoting economic development.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13

The concept of power in international relations is often associated with the ability of states to exert influence over others. Discuss the different forms of power in international relations, including hard power, soft power, and smart power.

A. Hard power refers to the use of military force to achieve national interests.

B. Soft power refers to the use of economic incentives to achieve national interests.

Correct C. Smart power refers to the use of a combination of hard and soft power to achieve national interests.

D. Power in international relations is solely determined by a state's military capabilities.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14

The United Nations (UN) has been criticized for its inability to prevent or respond to humanitarian crises. Discuss the UN's role in humanitarian affairs and its limitations in responding to crises.

Correct A. The UN has a well-established framework for humanitarian affairs, but lacks the resources to implement it.

B. The UN's role in humanitarian affairs is limited to providing technical assistance to affected states.

C. The UN has a strong track record of responding to humanitarian crises, but faces challenges in coordinating its efforts.

D. The UN's role in humanitarian affairs is primarily focused on promoting economic development.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The concept of legitimacy in the context of international organizations is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and authority in the context of the African Union (AU) and the United Nations (UN).

Correct A. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for authority, but not a sufficient one.

B. Authority is a necessary condition for legitimacy, but not a sufficient one.

C. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable concepts.

D. Legitimacy is a concept that is unique to the AU's political system.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

The concept of Separation of Powers is a fundamental principle of democratic governance. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branches of government?

Correct A. The Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branches are separate and independent, with each branch having distinct powers and responsibilities.

B. The Executive and Legislative branches are combined, with the Judicial branch serving as a check on their power.

C. The Executive and Judicial branches are combined, with the Legislative branch serving as a check on their power.

D. The Legislative and Judicial branches are combined, with the Executive branch serving as a check on their power.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

The concept of Checks and Balances is a mechanism for ensuring that no one branch of government becomes too powerful. Which of the following is an example of a check on the power of the Executive branch?

Correct A. The power of the Legislative branch to impeach the President.

B. The power of the Judicial branch to declare laws passed by Congress unconstitutional.

C. The power of the Executive branch to veto laws passed by Congress.

D. The power of the President to appoint Supreme Court justices.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

The concept of Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units. Which of the following is an example of a federal system of government?

Correct A. The government of the United States.

B. The government of the United Kingdom.

C. The government of Nigeria.

D. The government of China.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

The concept of Pluralism is a theory of government in which power is held by multiple groups and interests. Which of the following is an example of a pluralist system of government?

Correct A. The government of the United States.

B. The government of the United Kingdom.

C. The government of Nigeria.

D. The government of China.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

The concept of Global Governance is a system of governance that involves the coordination of activities among multiple countries and international organizations. Which of the following is an example of a global governance institution?

Correct A. The United Nations.

B. The European Union.

C. The African Union.

D. The Organization of American States.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

In a presidential system of government, the president serves as both the head of state and the head of government. Which of the following is a characteristic of this system?

A. Separation of powers

B. Constitutional monarchy

Correct C. Executive dominance

D. Legislative supremacy

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22

The concept of legitimacy in government refers to the idea that a government derives its authority from the consent of the governed. Which of the following is a source of legitimacy?

A. Constitutional provisions

B. International law

Correct C. Social contract

D. Economic prosperity

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23

In a federal system of government, power is divided between the central government and the constituent units. Which of the following is a characteristic of this system?

A. Unitary government

B. Decentralized decision-making

Correct C. Concurrent jurisdiction

D. Exclusive jurisdiction

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24

The concept of authority in government refers to the right to make decisions and enforce laws. Which of the following is a source of authority?

Correct A. Constitutional provisions

B. International law

C. Social contract

D. Economic prosperity

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

In a parliamentary system of government, the head of government is accountable to the legislature. Which of the following is a characteristic of this system?

A. Separation of powers

B. Constitutional monarchy

C. Executive dominance

Correct D. Legislative supremacy

Correct Answer: D

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