Practice post utme pan-atlantic university government 2019 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of legitimacy in a political system is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and authority, and explain how they are used to justify the exercise of power in a democratic society.

Correct A. Legitimacy is the moral right to govern, while authority is the power to enforce laws and policies.

B. Authority is the source of legitimacy, as it provides the basis for the exercise of power.

C. Legitimacy is the result of authority, as it is the outcome of the exercise of power.

D. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable terms, used to describe the same concept.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A diagram of a simple circuit is shown below. If the circuit is connected to a power source, what will be the effect on the current flowing through the circuit?

A. The current will increase.

Correct B. The current will decrease.

C. The current will remain the same.

D. The current will be reversed.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

The concept of the rule of law is closely related to the idea of human rights. Discuss the relationship between the rule of law and human rights, and explain how they are used to protect individual freedoms in a democratic society.

A. The rule of law is the source of human rights, as it provides the basis for the protection of individual freedoms.

B. Human rights are the result of the rule of law, as they are the outcome of the exercise of power.

C. The rule of law and human rights are interchangeable terms, used to describe the same concept.

Correct D. The rule of law is a means of enforcing human rights, but it is not the source of them.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4

A diagram of a simple titration setup is shown below. If the titration is carried out, what will be the effect on the concentration of the solution?

A. The concentration will increase.

Correct B. The concentration will decrease.

C. The concentration will remain the same.

D. The concentration will be reversed.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5

The concept of separation of powers is closely related to the idea of checks and balances. Discuss the relationship between separation of powers and checks and balances, and explain how they are used to prevent the concentration of power in a democratic society.

A. Separation of powers is the source of checks and balances, as it provides the basis for the distribution of power.

B. Checks and balances are the result of separation of powers, as they are the outcome of the exercise of power.

C. Separation of powers and checks and balances are interchangeable terms, used to describe the same concept.

Correct D. Separation of powers is a means of enforcing checks and balances, but it is not the source of them.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6

In the context of pre-colonial administration in West Africa, what was the primary function of the Oba in the Yoruba kingdom?

A. To serve as a military leader

Correct B. To act as a mediator in disputes

C. To oversee the collection of taxes

D. To perform spiritual rituals

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

What is the primary difference between a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system of government?

A. The presence of a monarch in a constitutional monarchy

B. The absence of a monarch in a parliamentary system

C. The level of power held by the legislative branch

Correct D. The role of the executive branch in both systems

Correct Answer: D

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Question 8

In the context of public administration, what is the primary function of the civil service?

A. To provide advice to the government

Correct B. To implement policies and programs

C. To collect taxes and revenues

D. To provide services to the public

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

What is the primary difference between a pressure group and a political party?

Correct A. The level of organization and structure

B. The level of influence on policy-making

C. The level of participation in elections

D. The level of representation in government

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

In the context of rule of law and human rights, what is the primary function of an independent judiciary?

Correct A. To interpret the constitution and laws

B. To enforce the decisions of the executive branch

C. To provide advice to the government

D. To collect taxes and revenues

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The concept of constitutionalism in Nigeria is rooted in the idea of the rule of law. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the constitution and the rule of law?

Correct A. The constitution is the supreme law of the land, and the rule of law is a means of enforcing it.

B. The rule of law is a principle that guides the interpretation of the constitution.

C. The constitution is a document that outlines the rules of the game, while the rule of law is the referee who enforces those rules.

D. The rule of law is a concept that is separate from the constitution and is not bound by its provisions.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

In the context of public administration, which of the following is an example of a bureaucratic reform?

A. The introduction of a new policy to address a social issue.

B. The creation of a new department to oversee a specific area of government activity.

Correct C. The implementation of a new management system to improve efficiency and effectiveness.

D. The appointment of a new head of a government agency.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13

The concept of power in the context of government is often described as the ability to influence the behavior of others. Which of the following best describes the relationship between power and authority?

Correct A. Power is the ability to influence the behavior of others, while authority is the legitimate right to make decisions.

B. Power is the legitimate right to make decisions, while authority is the ability to influence the behavior of others.

C. Power and authority are interchangeable terms.

D. Power is a concept that is separate from authority and is not bound by its provisions.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

The concept of legitimacy in the context of government refers to the idea that the government has the right to rule. Which of the following best describes the relationship between legitimacy and the rule of law?

Correct A. Legitimacy is the idea that the government has the right to rule, while the rule of law is a means of enforcing that right.

B. The rule of law is a principle that guides the interpretation of legitimacy.

C. Legitimacy is a concept that is separate from the rule of law and is not bound by its provisions.

D. The rule of law is a means of challenging the legitimacy of the government.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The concept of authority in the context of government refers to the legitimate right to make decisions. Which of the following best describes the relationship between authority and power?

Correct A. Authority is the legitimate right to make decisions, while power is the ability to influence the behavior of others.

B. Power is the ability to influence the behavior of others, while authority is the legitimate right to make decisions.

C. Authority and power are interchangeable terms.

D. Authority is a concept that is separate from power and is not bound by its provisions.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

The concept of legitimacy in the context of government refers to the idea that the government has the right to rule. Which of the following best describes the relationship between legitimacy and the rule of law?

Correct A. Legitimacy is the idea that the government has the right to rule, while the rule of law is a means of enforcing that right.

B. The rule of law is a principle that guides the interpretation of legitimacy.

C. Legitimacy is a concept that is separate from the rule of law and is not bound by its provisions.

D. The rule of law is a means of challenging the legitimacy of the government.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

The concept of authority in the context of government refers to the legitimate right to make decisions. Which of the following best describes the relationship between authority and power?

Correct A. Authority is the legitimate right to make decisions, while power is the ability to influence the behavior of others.

B. Power is the ability to influence the behavior of others, while authority is the legitimate right to make decisions.

C. Authority and power are interchangeable terms.

D. Authority is a concept that is separate from power and is not bound by its provisions.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

The concept of legitimacy in the context of government refers to the idea that the government has the right to rule. Which of the following best describes the relationship between legitimacy and the rule of law?

A. Legitimacy is the idea that the government has the right to rule, while the rule of law is a means of enforcing that right.

B. The rule of law is a principle that guides the interpretation of legitimacy.

C. Legitimacy is a concept that is separate from the rule of law and is not bound by its provisions.

D. The rule of law is a means of challenging the legitimacy of the government.

Correct Answer: VIEW ANSWER

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Question 19

The African Union's (AU) role in promoting regional integration and economic development is exemplified by its

Correct A. African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)

B. African Monetary Union (AMU)

C. African Development Bank (ADB)

D. New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD)

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

The concept of 'checks and balances' in the Nigerian Constitution is exemplified by the relationship between the

Correct A. Executive and Legislative branches

B. Judicial and Executive branches

C. Legislative and Executive branches

D. Judicial and Legislative branches

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

The United Nations' (UN) role in promoting peace and security is exemplified by its

Correct A. Peacekeeping missions

B. Humanitarian aid

C. Sanctions and embargoes

D. Diplomatic mediation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

The concept of 'separation of powers' in the Nigerian Constitution is exemplified by the relationship between the

Correct A. Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branches

B. Executive and Legislative branches

C. Judicial and Executive branches

D. Legislative and Judicial branches

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) role in promoting regional economic integration is exemplified by its

A. Common external tariff

B. Free movement of persons

C. Common currency

Correct D. Regional trade agreement

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24

The concept of legitimacy in international relations is closely tied to the idea of sovereignty. Discuss how the principle of sovereignty has influenced the development of international law, particularly in the context of state recognition and non-interference.

Correct A. The principle of sovereignty has led to the development of the concept of state sovereignty, which emphasizes the exclusive authority of states over their territories and populations.

B. The principle of sovereignty has resulted in the recognition of the right of states to self-determination, which has led to the emergence of new states and the redrawing of national borders.

C. The principle of sovereignty has been used to justify the non-interference of states in the internal affairs of other states, which has led to the development of the concept of non-intervention.

D. The principle of sovereignty has been used to justify the use of force by states against other states, which has led to the development of the concept of just war theory.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The African Union's (AU) role in promoting regional integration and economic development is a key aspect of its mandate. Discuss the AU's efforts to promote regional integration and economic development, and evaluate its success in achieving these goals.

Correct A. The AU has made significant progress in promoting regional integration and economic development through its various programs and initiatives, including the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and the African Development Bank (AfDB).

B. The AU has faced significant challenges in promoting regional integration and economic development, including the lack of a unified economic policy and the presence of non-state actors that undermine regional stability.

C. The AU's efforts to promote regional integration and economic development have been hindered by the presence of external actors that seek to exploit African resources and undermine regional stability.

D. The AU's efforts to promote regional integration and economic development have been successful, but the benefits of these efforts have been largely concentrated in the hands of a few wealthy elites.

Correct Answer: A

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