Practice post utme osustech biology 2019 Past Questions

Question 1

In the xylem, what is the primary function of the tracheids?

Correct A. Transport of water and minerals from roots to leaves

B. Transport of sugars and amino acids from leaves to roots

C. Storage of water and nutrients in the stem

D. Support and structure of the plant

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

What is the process by which plants release water vapor into the air?

Correct A. Transpiration

B. Respiration

C. Photosynthesis

D. Evaporation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

In the cell cycle, what is the stage where the cell prepares for division?

Correct A. Interphase

B. Mitosis

C. Meiosis

D. Cytokinesis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?

A. Protein synthesis

B. Cell signaling

Correct C. Energy production

D. Cell division

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5

What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

A. Osmosis

Correct B. Diffusion

C. Active transport

D. Passive transport

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.36

B. 0.64

C. 0.72

D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

A plant cell has a cell wall made of cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell wall?

Correct A. Chitin

B. Pectin

C. Hemicellulose

D. Lignin

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

A solution contains 0.1 M glu\cose and 0.2 M fructose. What is the total molarity of the solution?

A. 0.1 M

B. 0.2 M

Correct C. 0.3 M

D. 0.4 M

Correct Answer: C

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Question 9

A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population size is 100 and the population size doubles every 2 hours, what is the population size after 6 hours?

A. 1000

B. 2000

C. 4000

Correct D. 8000

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10

A plant has a photosynthetic rate of 10 μmol CO2 s-1. If the plant is exposed to light for 8 hours, how much CO2 is fixed?

A. 80 μmol

B. 160 μmol

C. 320 μmol

Correct D. 640 μmol

Correct Answer: D

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Question 11

In the process of cellular respiration, what is the primary function of the electron transport chain?

Correct A. To generate ATP

B. To produce NADH and FADH2

C. To oxidize glu\cose

D. To reduce oxygen

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

Which of the following types of cells is characterized by the presence of a large nucleus and a small amount of cytoplasm?

A. Prokaryotic cell

Correct B. Eukaryotic cell

C. Animal cell

D. Plant cell

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

What is the primary function of the xylem in plants?

Correct A. To transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves

B. To transport sugars and amino acids from the leaves to the roots

C. To store food and water in the stems and roots

D. To support the structure of the plant

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a symbiotic relationship?

A. Predator-prey relationship

B. Competition for resources

Correct C. Mutualism between clownfish and sea anemone

D. Parasitism between tapeworm and host

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15

What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?

A. Respiration

Correct B. Photosynthesis

C. Decomposition

D. Fermentation

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16

In the context of M\endelian genetics, what is the term for the phenomenon where a dominant allele is expressed even though a recessive allele is present?

Correct A. Incomplete dominance

B. Codominance

C. Heterosis

D. Pleiotropy

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

A diagram of a neuron is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'D'?

Correct A. To transmit signals to other neurons

B. To receive signals from other neurons

C. To synthesize neurotransmitters

D. To store genetic information

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

A plant is placed in a growth chamber with a controlled environment. The plant's growth is measured over time. What is the term for the rate of growth of the plant?

Correct A. Growth rate

B. Growth velocity

C. Growth acceleration

D. Growth deceleration

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

A diagram of a human eye is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'E'?

A. To focus light on the retina

B. To regulate the amount of light entering the eye

Correct C. To detect light and color

D. To produce tears

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

A diagram of a human brain is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'F'?

A. To regulate body temperature

B. To produce hormones

C. To control movement and balance

Correct D. To detect light and dark

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.64

B. 0.36

C. 0.16

D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

A plant cell has a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and a small nucleus. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of plant cells?

A. Presence of a cell wall

B. Presence of a large central vacuole

C. Presence of a small nucleus

Correct D. Presence of a golgi apparatus

Correct Answer: D

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Question 23

A diagram of a cell membrane is shown below. Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?

A. Regulation of cell growth

Correct B. Transport of materials into and out of the cell

C. Maintenance of cell shape

D. Production of ATP

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24

A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population size is 100 and the growth rate is 0.05 per hour, what is the population size after 5 hours?

Correct A. 1000

B. 500

C. 2000

D. 2500

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

A diagram of a mitotic spindle is shown below. Which of the following is a function of the mitotic spindle?

Correct A. Separation of chromosomes during mitosis

B. Formation of the nuclear envelope

C. Organization of the cytoskeleton

D. Regulation of cell growth

Correct Answer: A

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