Practice post utme nile university biology 2022 Past Questions

Question 1

In the context of evolutionary theory, what is the primary mechanism by which genetic drift leads to the loss of genetic variation in a population?

A. Genetic recombination

B. Mutation

C. Gene flow

Correct D. Genetic drift

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2

A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the activity of the enzyme lactase. Which of the following would be the most appropriate way to express the relationship between pH and enzyme activity?

A. pH = k * \( 1 / \( 1 + (K_m / [S] \ \))

Correct B. V = k * [S] / \( K_m + [S] \)

C. pH = k * \( 1 / \( 1 + ([S] / K_m \ \)))

D. V = k * \( 1 / \( 1 + (K_m / [S] \ \)))

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

A diagram of the human brain is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'A'?

A. To regulate body temperature

B. To control blood pressure

C. To facilitate sensory perception

Correct D. To coordinate motor functions

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4

A researcher is studying the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis in a plant. Which of the following would be the most appropriate way to express the relationship between light intensity and photosynthetic rate?

A. P = k * \( 1 / \( 1 + (I / K_c \ \)))

B. P = k * I / \( K_c + I \)

C. P = k * \( 1 / \( 1 + (K_c / I \ \)))

Correct D. P = k * \( I / \( K_c + I \ \))

Correct Answer: D

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Question 5

A diagram of a cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'B'?

A. To synthesize proteins

Correct B. To store genetic information

C. To regulate cell growth

D. To facilitate cell division

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.36

B. 0.64

C. 0.72

D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

A 2.5-g sample of a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen is burned in a combustion apparatus. The volume of CO2 produced is 3.2 L at 25°C and 1 atm. What is the empirical formula of the compound?

Correct A. C2H4

B. C3H6

C. C4H8

D. C5H10

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Identify the organelle responsible for protein synthesis.

A. Nucleus

B. Mitochondria

Correct C. Ribosome

D. Lysosome

Correct Answer: C

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Question 9

A 0.5-L sample of a gas at 27°C and 1 atm is collected over water at 25°C. What is the partial pressure of the gas?

A. 0.95 atm

Correct B. 1.05 atm

C. 1.15 atm

D. 1.25 atm

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10

A 2.5-g sample of a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen is burned in a combustion apparatus. The volume of CO2 produced is 3.2 L at 25°C and 1 atm. What is the empirical formula of the compound?

Correct A. C2H4

B. C3H6

C. C4H8

D. C5H10

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The diagram below shows a cross-section of the human eye. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light and color?

A. Cornea

B. Iris

Correct C. Retina

D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 12

The process of cell division that results in the production of four daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, is called?

Correct A. Mitosis

B. Meiosis

C. Binary Fission

D. Endosymbiosis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13

The diagram below shows a simplified representation of the human nervous system. Which part of the nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary movements?

Correct A. Brain

B. Spinal Cord

C. Peripheral Nervous System

D. Central Nervous System

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

The diagram below shows a cross-section of a plant root. Which part of the root is responsible for absorbing water and minerals from the soil?

A. Epidermis

B. Cortex

Correct C. Stele

D. Pericycle

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15

The process of evolution that occurs when a new species emerges from a \single individual is called?

Correct A. Speciation

B. Adaptation

C. Mutation

D. Genetic Drift

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

In the process of osmoregulation, the kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of ions and water in the body. Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which the kidneys regulate the concentration of ions in the blood?

A. The kidneys filter the blood and excrete excess ions in the urine.

Correct B. The kidneys reabsorb ions from the filtrate back into the bloodstream.

C. The kidneys produce hormones that regulate ion balance in the body.

D. The kidneys do not play a direct role in regulating ion balance in the body.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

A patient is diagnosed with a bacterial infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Which of the following antibiotics is most likely to be effective against this type of infection?

A. Penicillin

B. Erythromycin

C. Ciprofloxacin

Correct D. Vancomycin

Correct Answer: D

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Question 18

In the xylem, water and minerals are transported from the roots to the leaves through a process called the

Correct A. transpiration stream

B. osmotic gradient

C. capillary action

D. root pressure

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

A genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the BRCA1 gene increases the risk of developing which type of cancer?

Correct A. Breast cancer

B. Ovarian cancer

C. Colorectal cancer

D. Prostate cancer

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

The process of meiosis results in the production of

Correct A. haploid cells

B. diploid cells

C. somatic cells

D. germ cells

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'r' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the dominant allele 'R'?

Correct A. 0.8

B. 0.6

C. 0.4

D. 0.2

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

A diagram of a plant's xylem and phloem is shown below. What is the function of the xylem?

Correct A. Transport of water and minerals

B. Transport of sugars and amino acids

C. Support and storage

D. Protection from pathogens

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

A species of bird has a beak length of 5 cm. If the beak length is directly proportional to the bird's body weight, and a bird with a beak length of 10 cm has a body weight of 50 g, what is the body weight of a bird with a beak length of 7.5 cm?

A. 25 g

Correct B. 30 g

C. 35 g

D. 40 g

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24

A diagram of a human eye is shown below. What is the function of the retina?

A. B\ending of light

Correct B. Detection of light

C. Production of tears

D. Regulation of pupil size

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25

A species of plant has a photosynthetic rate of 10 mg CO2/h. If the plant is exposed to light for 8 hours, what is the total amount of CO2 fixed?

A. 80 mg

Correct B. 100 mg

C. 120 mg

D. 140 mg

Correct Answer: B

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