Practice post utme nile university government 2021 Past Questions

Question 1

What is the relationship between power and authority in the context of government?

A. Power is a means to achieve authority

B. Authority is a means to achieve power

C. Power and authority are interchangeable terms

Correct D. Power is a necessary condition for authority

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2

What is the primary function of the United Nations in international relations?

A. To promote economic development

Correct B. To maintain international peace and security

C. To provide humanitarian aid

D. To regulate international trade

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

What is the concept of legitimacy in the context of government?

Correct A. The right to govern based on popular consent

B. The right to govern based on divine authority

C. The right to govern based on traditional authority

D. The right to govern based on constitutional authority

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

What is the primary goal of foreign policy in Nigeria?

A. To promote economic development

B. To maintain international peace and security

Correct C. To protect national interests

D. To promote cultural exchange

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5

What is the role of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in regional integration?

A. To promote economic development

B. To maintain regional peace and security

Correct C. To facilitate the free movement of people and goods

D. To promote cultural exchange

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6

The concept of separation of powers in the Nigerian Constitution is designed to prevent the concentration of power in one branch of government. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the separation of powers?

A. Checks and balances

B. Specialization of functions

C. Independence of each branch

Correct D. Concentration of power

Correct Answer: D

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Question 7

The United Nations has 193 member states. Which of the following is a primary function of the United Nations?

A. Promoting economic development

Correct B. Maintaining international peace and security

C. Providing humanitarian aid

D. Protecting human rights

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

The concept of rule of law in Nigeria is enshrined in the Constitution. Which of the following is a principle of the rule of law?

A. Separation of powers

B. Independence of the judiciary

C. Accountability of government officials

Correct D. Protection of individual rights

Correct Answer: D

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Question 9

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional economic community in West Africa. Which of the following is a primary objective of ECOWAS?

Correct A. Promoting economic integration

B. Maintaining regional peace and security

C. Providing humanitarian aid

D. Protecting human rights

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

The concept of public administration in Nigeria is enshrined in the Constitution. Which of the following is a principle of public administration?

A. Efficiency

B. Effectiveness

Correct C. Accountability

D. Transparency

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11

The concept of the rule of law is closely related to the idea of the separation of powers. Discuss how the separation of powers ensures that the rule of law is upheld in a democratic system.

A. The separation of powers ensures that no single branch of government has too much power, thereby preventing the abuse of power and ensuring that the rule of law is upheld.

Correct B. The separation of powers allows for the checks and balances between the different branches of government, which helps to prevent the concentration of power and ensures that the rule of law is upheld.

C. The separation of powers is not directly related to the rule of law, and it is primarily concerned with ensuring that the government is accountable to the people.

D. The separation of powers is a mechanism for ensuring that the government is able to make decisions quickly, without being hindered by the need for consensus.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12

In a federal system of government, power is divided between the central government and the regional governments. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system of government.

A. The advantages of a federal system of government include the promotion of regional autonomy, the protection of minority rights, and the encouragement of economic development.

Correct B. The disadvantages of a federal system of government include the potential for conflict between the central government and the regional governments, the difficulty of coordinating national policies, and the risk of regional inequality.

C. A federal system of government is not suitable for a country with a small population, as it would be difficult to establish and maintain regional governments.

D. A federal system of government is not suitable for a country with a large population, as it would be difficult to coordinate national policies and ensure regional autonomy.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

The concept of legitimacy is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how legitimacy is established and maintained in a democratic system.

A. Legitimacy is established and maintained through the use of force, coercion, and manipulation.

B. Legitimacy is established and maintained through the use of persuasion, negotiation, and compromise.

Correct C. Legitimacy is established and maintained through the use of laws, institutions, and procedures.

D. Legitimacy is not an important concept in a democratic system, as it is primarily concerned with ensuring that the government is accountable to the people.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14

The concept of power is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how power is exercised and maintained in a democratic system.

A. Power is exercised and maintained through the use of force, coercion, and manipulation.

B. Power is exercised and maintained through the use of persuasion, negotiation, and compromise.

Correct C. Power is exercised and maintained through the use of laws, institutions, and procedures.

D. Power is not an important concept in a democratic system, as it is primarily concerned with ensuring that the government is accountable to the people.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15

The concept of foreign policy is closely related to the idea of international relations. Discuss how foreign policy is formulated and implemented in a democratic system.

Correct A. Foreign policy is formulated and implemented through the use of diplomacy, negotiation, and compromise.

B. Foreign policy is formulated and implemented through the use of force, coercion, and manipulation.

C. Foreign policy is formulated and implemented through the use of laws, institutions, and procedures.

D. Foreign policy is not an important concept in a democratic system, as it is primarily concerned with ensuring that the government is accountable to the people.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

The concept of public administration is closely related to the idea of local government. Discuss how public administration is conducted in a local government system.

A. Public administration is conducted through the use of bureaucracy, red tape, and inefficiency.

Correct B. Public administration is conducted through the use of transparency, accountability, and efficiency.

C. Public administration is conducted through the use of laws, institutions, and procedures.

D. Public administration is not an important concept in a local government system, as it is primarily concerned with ensuring that the government is accountable to the people.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

The concept of human rights is closely related to the idea of the rule of law. Discuss how human rights are protected and promoted in a democratic system.

Correct A. Human rights are protected and promoted through the use of laws, institutions, and procedures.

B. Human rights are protected and promoted through the use of persuasion, negotiation, and compromise.

C. Human rights are protected and promoted through the use of force, coercion, and manipulation.

D. Human rights are not an important concept in a democratic system, as it is primarily concerned with ensuring that the government is accountable to the people.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how the legitimacy of a government can be affected by the manner in which it exercises its authority.

A. Legitimacy is not affected by the manner in which authority is exercised.

B. The legitimacy of a government is directly proportional to the level of authority it exercises.

Correct C. The legitimacy of a government is affected by the manner in which it exercises its authority, but only in cases where the authority is exercised in an unjust or oppressive manner.

D. The legitimacy of a government is not affected by the manner in which it exercises its authority, but rather by the level of support it receives from its citizens.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19

The United Nations (UN) is an international organization that plays a crucial role in promoting peace and security around the world. Discuss the role of the UN in promoting human rights and the challenges it faces in this regard.

A. The UN has been successful in promoting human rights, but faces challenges in enforcing its decisions.

B. The UN has been ineffective in promoting human rights, and its efforts have been hindered by the lack of support from its member states.

Correct C. The UN plays a crucial role in promoting human rights, but faces significant challenges in addressing the root causes of human rights violations.

D. The UN has no role in promoting human rights, and its focus is solely on promoting economic development and security.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

The concept of power in political systems is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how the distribution of power in a country can affect the level of authority exercised by its government.

A. The distribution of power in a country has no effect on the level of authority exercised by its government.

Correct B. The distribution of power in a country directly affects the level of authority exercised by its government.

C. The distribution of power in a country can affect the level of authority exercised by its government, but only in cases where the power is concentrated in the hands of a few individuals.

D. The distribution of power in a country can affect the level of authority exercised by its government, but only in cases where the power is distributed evenly among all citizens.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21

The rule of law is a fundamental principle of democratic governance. Discuss the importance of the rule of law in promoting human rights and the challenges it faces in this regard.

A. The rule of law is not essential for promoting human rights, and its importance is often exaggerated.

B. The rule of law is crucial for promoting human rights, but its effectiveness is often hindered by the lack of support from citizens.

Correct C. The rule of law is essential for promoting human rights, but its implementation is often challenged by the existence of conflicting laws and regulations.

D. The rule of law is not necessary for promoting human rights, and its importance is often overstated.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional economic community that aims to promote economic integration and cooperation among its member states. Discuss the role of ECOWAS in promoting economic development and the challenges it faces in this regard.

A. ECOWAS has been successful in promoting economic development, but faces challenges in addressing the root causes of poverty and inequality.

B. ECOWAS has been ineffective in promoting economic development, and its efforts have been hindered by the lack of support from its member states.

Correct C. ECOWAS plays a crucial role in promoting economic development, but faces significant challenges in addressing the impact of external factors on its member states.

D. ECOWAS has no role in promoting economic development, and its focus is solely on promoting security and stability in the region.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23

The concept of checks and balances in a system of government is primarily intended to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of a single individual or group. Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of checks and balances?

A. Separation of powers

B. Independent judiciary

C. Legislative veto

Correct D. Executive privilege

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24

The African Union's (AU) main goal is to promote economic, political, and social integration among its member states. Which of the following is a key feature of the AU's decision-making process?

A. Majority voting

Correct B. Consensus decision-making

C. Unanimous voting

D. Veto power

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25

The concept of federalism in a system of government involves the division of power between a central authority and constituent political units. Which of the following is a characteristic of a federal system?

A. Unitary system

B. Decentralized power

Correct C. Concurrent jurisdiction

D. Supreme court

Correct Answer: C

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