POST UTME NILE UNIVERSITY 2018 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
The structure of the human eye is adapted to focus light onto the retina. Which part of the eye is responsible for changing the focal length of the eye?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
C. Lens
D. Retina
Question 2
A diagram of the human digestive system is shown below. Which part of the digestive system is responsible for absorbing nutrients?
A. Mouth
B. Esophagus
C. Stomach
D. Small Intestine
Question 3
In the context of sense organs, what is the primary function of the olfactory epithelium?
A. To detect changes in air pressure
B. To convert sound waves into electrical signals
C. To detect odor molecules in the air
D. To regulate body temperature
Question 4
A diagram of a human eye is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'B'.
A. Cornea
B. Iris
C. Retina
D. Lens
Question 5
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of cell division that results in the production of four daughter cells, each with the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent cell, is known as
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Binary Fission
D. Endoreduplication
Question 6
The process of meiosis results in the production of cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Which of the following is a characteristic of the daughter cells produced during meiosis?
A. They have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
B. They have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
C. They have double the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
D. They have no chromosomes
Question 7
Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating the release of aldosterone in the adrenal cortex?
A. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C. Aldosterone
D. Angioten\sin II
Question 8
The process of mitosis results in the production of daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. What is the purpose of the G2 phase in the cell cycle?
A. To repair DNA damage
B. To synthesize organelles
C. To prepare for cell division
D. To produce energy for the cell
Question 9
A 35-year-old female patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that affects her ability to metabolize certain amino acids. Which of the following enzymes is most likely deficient in her condition?
A. Phenylalanine hydroxylase
B. Tyro\sinase
C. Histidine decarboxylase
D. Tryptophan hydroxylase
Question 10
A 25-year-old male patient presents with symptoms of malabsorption. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for his symptoms?
A. Celiac disease
B. Crohn's disease
C. Ulcerative colitis
D. Whipple's disease
Question 11
The diagram below shows a plant cell with a large central vacuole. What is the function of the vacuole in this cell?
A. Storage of nutrients and waste products
B. Regulation of cell turgor pressure
C. Production of cell wall components
D. Transport of materials across the cell membrane
Question 12
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'r' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype 'rr'?
A. 0.04
B. 0.16
C. 0.24
D. 0.32
Question 13
The diagram below shows a cross-section of a root hair cell. What is the function of the root hair in this cell?
Question 14
The table below shows the results of a study on the effect of temperature on the growth of a microorganism. What can be concluded from the data?
A. The microorganism grows best at a temperature of 25°C
B. The microorganism grows best at a temperature of 37°C
C. The microorganism grows best at a temperature of 45°C
D. The microorganism does not grow at any temperature
Question 15
In a population of 1000 individuals, 80% are homozygous dominant (BB), 15% are heterozygous (Bb), and 5% are homozygous recessive (bb). What is the frequency of the recessive allele (b) in this population?
A. 0.05
B. 0.10
C. 0.15
D. 0.20

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