POST UTME MADONNA UNIVERSITY 2021 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a population of 1000 Drosophila melanogaster, 700 are homozygous dominant (BB), 200 are heterozygous (Bb), and 100 are homozygous recessive (bb). If a random sample of 10 flies is taken, what is the probability that it will contain at least 8 flies with the dominant trait?
Correct A. 0.012
B. 0.023
C. 0.035
D. 0.045

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A 2.5 L solution of 0.5 M NaCl is mixed with a 1.5 L solution of 1.0 M NaCl. What is the resulting concentration of NaCl in the mixture?
A. 0.625 M
Correct B. 0.75 M
C. 0.875 M
D. 1.0 M

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3
A plant with the genotype AaBbCcc is crossed with a plant with the genotype Aabbcc. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype AaBbCc?
Correct A. 0.25
B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 1.0

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
A 50 mL sample of 0.1 M HCl is added to a 100 mL sample of 0.2 M NaOH. What is the resulting concentration of NaOH in the mixture?
A. 0.033 M
B. 0.066 M
C. 0.1 M
Correct D. 0.133 M

Correct Answer: D

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Question 5
A 500 mL sample of 0.5 M glu\cose is added to a 1000 mL sample of 0.2 M glu\cose. What is the resulting concentration of glu\cose in the mixture?
A. 0.233 M
B. 0.3 M
Correct C. 0.367 M
D. 0.4 M

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6
In a photosynthetic pathway, what is the primary function of the enzyme RuBisCO?
Correct A. Fixation of CO2
B. Reduction of NADP+
C. Regeneration of RuBP
D. Oxidation of NADPH

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
A researcher is studying the effect of light intensity on photosynthesis in a plant. Which of the following is a likely outcome?
Correct A. Increased rate of photosynthesis
B. Decreased rate of photosynthesis
C. No change in rate of photosynthesis
D. Increased rate of respiration

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8
A patient has been diagnosed with a genetic disorder that affects the production of a specific enzyme. Which of the following is a likely consequence?
A. Increased risk of cancer
B. Increased risk of heart disease
C. Increased risk of neuro\logical disorders
Correct D. Increased risk of metabolic disorders

Correct Answer: D

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Question 9
A researcher is studying the structure of a protein. Which of the following is a likely function of the \alpha helix?
Correct A. Stabilization of the protein
B. Regulation of protein activity
C. Transport of molecules across cell membranes
D. Storage of genetic information

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
A patient has been diagnosed with a genetic disorder that affects the production of a specific hormone. Which of the following is a likely consequence?
A. Increased risk of cancer
B. Increased risk of heart disease
C. Increased risk of neuro\logical disorders
Correct D. Increased risk of metabolic disorders

Correct Answer: D

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Question 11
In a population of 1000 Drosophila melanogaster, 700 are homozygous dominant (BB), 200 are heterozygous (Bb), and 100 are homozygous recessive (bb). What is the frequency of the B allele?
Correct A. 0.8
B. 0.6
C. 0.4
D. 0.2

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
A 2.5 L flask contains 0.5 M NaCl at 25°C. What is the total number of moles of gas present in the flask?
A. 0.1 mol
Correct B. 0.2 mol
C. 0.3 mol
D. 0.4 mol

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13
A plant with the genotype AaBbCcc is crossed with a plant with the genotype AaBbDd. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype AaBbCc?
A. 0.25
Correct B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 0.9

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14
A 0.1 M solution of HCl is mixed with a 0.2 M solution of NaOH. What is the pH of the resulting solution?
A. 1
Correct B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15
A 1.5 L flask contains 0.3 M glu\cose at 25°C. What is the total number of moles of glu\cose present in the flask?
A. 0.45 mol
Correct B. 0.5 mol
C. 0.55 mol
D. 0.6 mol

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16
The xylem tissue in plants is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of xylem tissue?
A. It is composed of dead cells
Correct B. It is responsible for transporting sugars from the leaves to the roots
C. It is composed of tracheids and vessels
D. It is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17
The process of gas exchange in plants occurs through the stomata. Which of the following is a benefit of having stomata on the underside of leaves?
A. It allows for more efficient gas exchange
Correct B. It reduces water loss through transpiration
C. It increases the surface area for photosynthesis
D. It allows for more efficient nutrient uptake

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18
The nervous system in animals is responsible for transmitting signals from the brain to the rest of the body. Which of the following is a type of neuron that is responsible for transmitting signals to the brain?
A. Motor neuron
Correct B. Sensory neuron
C. Interneuron
D. Preganglionic neuron

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19
The theory of evolution by natural selection was first proposed by Charles Darwin. Which of the following is a key component of this theory?
A. Species evolve over time through the process of mutation
B. Species evolve over time through the process of genetic drift
Correct C. Species evolve over time through the process of natural selection
D. Species evolve over time through the process of genetic variation

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20
The process of meiosis in eukaryotic cells results in the production of gametes. Which of the following is a key difference between meiosis and mitosis?
A. Meiosis results in the production of diploid cells, while mitosis results in the production of haploid cells
Correct B. Meiosis results in the production of haploid cells, while mitosis results in the production of diploid cells
C. Meiosis occurs in somatic cells, while mitosis occurs in reproductive cells
D. Meiosis occurs in reproductive cells, while mitosis occurs in somatic cells

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21
In the context of evolutionary theory, what is the primary mechanism by which genetic drift occurs?
A. Natural selection
B. Genetic mutation
C. Gene flow
Correct D. Random sampling of alleles

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22
A diagram of a plant's xylem and phloem tissues is shown below. Which of the following statements is true regarding the transport of water and nutrients in this plant?
A. Water and nutrients are transported through the xylem
B. Water and nutrients are transported through the phloem
Correct C. Water is transported through the xylem, while nutrients are transported through the phloem
D. Neither water nor nutrients are transported through the xylem or phloem

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23
A diagram of a human eye is shown below. Which of the following statements is true regarding the structure of the eye?
A. The cornea is the transparent outer layer of the eye
B. The iris is the colored part of the eye
C. The retina is the innermost layer of the eye
Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24
A diagram of a human cell is shown below. Which of the following statements is true regarding the structure of the cell?
A. The cell membrane is the outermost layer of the cell
B. The cytoplasm is the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus
C. The nucleus is the region that contains the cell's genetic material
Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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Question 25
A diagram of a human nervous system is shown below. Which of the following statements is true regarding the structure of the nervous system?
A. The brain is the control center of the nervous system
B. The spinal cord is the part of the nervous system that connects the brain to the rest of the body
C. The nerves are the part of the nervous system that transmit signals to and from the brain
Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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