POST UTME MADONNA UNIVERSITY 2018 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME MADONNA UNIVERSITY exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2018 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

Practice these randomly selected questions to test your readiness.

Question 1
In the context of osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the kidneys in a desert-dwelling organism?
Correct A. To conserve water by producing highly concentrated urine
B. To excrete excess salt and water through the process of diuresis
C. To regulate electrolyte balance by reabsorbing sodium and chloride ions
D. To produce a high volume of dilute urine to help eliminate excess salt

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A plant's xylem is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. What is the primary mechanism by which this transport occurs?
Correct A. Transpiration pull
B. Root pressure
C. Capillary action
D. Osmosis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that genetic variation in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation in the absence of certain factors. What is the primary factor that would lead to a change in the frequency of a particular allele?
A. Mutation
B. Gene flow
C. Genetic drift
Correct D. Natural selection

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4
In the context of respiration, what is the primary function of the mitochondria in the cell?
Correct A. To produce ATP through the process of cellular respiration
B. To synthesize glu\cose from non-carbohydrate sources
C. To break down proteins into amino acids
D. To store energy in the form of glycogen

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5
The process of osmoregulation in an organism involves the regulation of water and electrolyte balance. What is the primary mechanism by which an organism regulates its water balance?
A. Through the process of excretion
B. Through the process of absorption
C. Through the process of diffusion
Correct D. Through the process of osmosis

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6
In the context of cellular respiration, what is the primary function of the electron transport chain?
A. To generate ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation
B. To produce NADH and FADH2 through the citric acid cycle
Correct C. To pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient
D. To reduce oxygen to water

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7
A population of Drosophila melanogaster is being studied for its genetic variation. Which of the following genetic principles best explains the observed variation in wing shape?
A. Genetic drift
B. Gene flow
C. Mutation
Correct D. Natural selection

Correct Answer: D

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Question 8
A plant cell is placed in a solution with a high concentration of sucrose. What is the expected outcome for the cell's turgor pressure?
Correct A. The cell will become flaccid and lose turgor pressure
B. The cell will maintain its turgor pressure
C. The cell will gain turgor pressure
D. The cell will undergo plasmolysis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Which of the following organelles is responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Nucleus
Correct B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Endoplasmic reticulum

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10
A diagram of a human eye is shown below. Which of the following parts of the eye is responsible for detecting light?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
Correct C. Retina
D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11
In the context of evolutionary theory, what is the primary mechanism by which species adapt to their environment?
Correct A. Natural Selection
B. Genetic Drift
C. Gene Flow
D. Mutation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
What is the primary function of the excretory system in humans?
A. To regulate body temperature
Correct B. To remove waste products from the body
C. To maintain fluid balance
D. To produce hormones

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13
Which of the following is an example of a convergent evolution?
Correct A. The development of wings in birds and insects
B. The development of limbs in vertebrates
C. The development of eyes in vertebrates
D. The development of fins in fish

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14
What is the primary function of the xylem in plants?
Correct A. To transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
B. To transport sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to the roots
C. To support the structure of the plant
D. To store food and water

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
Which of the following is an example of a homo\logous structure?
Correct A. The forelimbs of vertebrates
B. The wings of birds and insects
C. The eyes of vertebrates
D. The fins of fish

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16
The sense organ responsible for detecting vibrations in the air is the
Correct A. Ear
B. Eye
C. Nose
D. Mouth

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy is called
A. Respiration
Correct B. Photosynthesis
C. Decomposition
D. Fermentation

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18
The theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by
Correct A. Charles Darwin
B. Gregor M\endel
C. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
D. Alfred Russel Wallace

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19
The process by which an organism reproduces without the involvement of gametes is called
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Budding
Correct D. Binary Fission

Correct Answer: D

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Question 20
The sense organ responsible for detecting changes in air pressure is the
A. Ear
B. Eye
C. Nose
Correct D. Labyrinth

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the dominant allele 'A'?
Correct A. 0.8
B. 0.6
C. 0.4
D. 0.2

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
A 10-year-old boy is diagnosed with a rare genetic disorder that affects his ability to synthesize the amino acid phenylalanine. Which of the following enzymes is deficient in this disorder?
Correct A. Phenylalanine hydroxylase
B. Tyro\sine aminotransferase
C. Dihydropteridine reductase
D. GTP cyclohydrolase

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23
A researcher is studying the effect of light intensity on the growth of radish plants. She sets up an experiment with five different light intensities and measures the growth of the plants over a period of 10 days. Which of the following types of graphs would best represent the data?
A. Bar graph
Correct B. Line graph
C. Scatter plot
D. Pie chart

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24
A 30-year-old woman is diagnosed with a rare form of cancer that affects her ovaries. Which of the following types of cells is most likely to be affected in this disorder?
Correct A. Granulosa cells
B. Theca cells
C. Follicular cells
D. Stromal cells

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the growth of E. coli bacteria. She sets up an experiment with five different temperatures and measures the growth of the bacteria over a period of 24 hours. Which of the following types of graphs would best represent the data?
A. Bar graph
Correct B. Line graph
C. Scatter plot
D. Pie chart

Correct Answer: B

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