POST UTME LASU 2025 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a population of 1000 individuals, the frequency of the dominant allele (A) is 0.6, and the frequency of the recessive allele (a) is 0.4. What is the expected genotype and phenotype distribution in the offspring of a cross between two heterozygous parents (Aa)?
Correct A. Genotype: 36% AA, 48% Aa, 16% aa; Phenotype: 36% Tall, 64% Short
B. Genotype: 24% AA, 60% Aa, 16% aa; Phenotype: 24% Tall, 76% Short
C. Genotype: 36% AA, 48% Aa, 16% aa; Phenotype: 24% Tall, 76% Short
D. Genotype: 24% AA, 48% Aa, 28% aa; Phenotype: 24% Tall, 76% Short

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A 2.5-liter solution contains 1.8 liters of ethanol (C2H5OH) and 0.7 liters of water (H2O). Calculate the mole \fraction of ethanol in the solution.
Correct A. 0.64
B. 0.72
C. 0.80
D. 0.88

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
A diagram shows a cross-section of a plant root with a xylem vessel labeled A and a phloem vessel labeled B. If the xylem vessel is 2.5 cm in diameter and the phloem vessel is 1.8 cm in diameter, what is the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the xylem vessel to the cross-sectional area of the phloem vessel?
Correct A. 1.39
B. 1.67
C. 2.00
D. 2.50

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
A 10-liter solution contains 3.2 liters of glu\cose (C6H12O6) and 6.8 liters of water (H2O). Calculate the concentration of glu\cose in the solution in g/L.
Correct A. 320 g/L
B. 400 g/L
C. 480 g/L
D. 560 g/L

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5
A diagram shows a simple black and white chemistry apparatus showing a titration setup with a burette labeled A and a flask labeled B. If the burette contains 25 mL of 0.5 M HCl and the flask contains 50 mL of 0.1 M NaOH, what is the number of moles of HCl added to the flask during the titration?
A. 0.025 mol
Correct B. 0.050 mol
C. 0.075 mol
D. 0.100 mol

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6
In a tropical rainforest e\cosystem, the primary consumers are primarily herbivores. What is the most likely reason for this phenomenon?
A. The herbivores have a higher metabolic rate than the carnivores.
Correct B. The herbivores have a more efficient digestive system than the carnivores.
C. The herbivores have a lower predation pressure than the carnivores.
D. The herbivores have a higher reproductive rate than the carnivores.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7
A plant cell has a large central vacuole that contains a high concentration of solutes. What is the most likely effect on the cell's turgor pressure?
A. The cell's turgor pressure will decrease.
B. The cell's turgor pressure will remain unchanged.
Correct C. The cell's turgor pressure will increase.
D. The cell's turgor pressure will fluctuate.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8
A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. What is the function of the alveoli?
Correct A. To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the environment.
B. To filter the air before it enters the lungs.
C. To produce surfac\tant to reduce surface tension.
D. To regulate the pH of the blood.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
A diagram of the human circulatory system is shown below. What is the function of the coronary arteries?
Correct A. To supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
B. To remove deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle.
C. To regulate the heart rate.
D. To produce blood cells.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
A diagram of the human reproductive system is shown below. What is the function of the epididymis?
Correct A. To store sperm before ejaculation.
B. To produce sperm.
C. To transport sperm from the testes to the vas deferens.
D. To regulate the pH of the semen.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11
In the context of osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the hypothalamus in regulating water balance in the body?
Correct A. To produce ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
B. To regulate thirst
C. To control blood pressure
D. To manage electrolyte balance

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
A geneticist is studying the inheri\tance of a particular trait in a population. What type of genetic variation is most likely to result in a change in the frequency of the trait over generations?
A. Mutation
B. Gene flow
C. Genetic drift
Correct D. Natural selection

Correct Answer: D

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Question 13
In the context of nervous system coordination, what is the primary function of the cerebellum?
A. To regulate voluntary movements
B. To control sensory input
Correct C. To manage balance and posture
D. To process visual information

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14
A plant physio\logist is studying the transport of water and minerals in a plant. What type of transport system is responsible for the movement of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves?
Correct A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Cortex
D. Endodermis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
A bio\logist is studying the structure and function of a particular tissue in the human body. What type of tissue is characterized by its ability to contract and relax, resulting in movement?
A. Epithelial tissue
B. Connective tissue
Correct C. Muscle tissue
D. Nervous tissue

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16
The human eye has a unique ability to adapt to changing light conditions. Which of the following structures is primarily responsible for this adaptation?
A. Cornea
Correct B. Iris
C. Retina
D. Lens

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17
In asexual reproduction, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent. Which of the following organisms reproduces asexually?
Correct A. Bread mold
B. Fruit fly
C. Bacteria
D. Human

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that the frequency of alleles in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation if certain conditions are met. Which of the following conditions is NOT required for the Hardy-Weinberg principle to hold?
A. Random mating
B. No mutation
C. No gene flow
Correct D. Cons\tant population size

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19
The process of gas exchange in the lungs involves the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the alveolar-capillary membrane. Which of the following structures is responsible for increa\sing the surface area of the alveoli?
Correct A. Alveolar septa
B. Capillaries
C. Surfac\tant
D. Bronchioles

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20
The theory of evolution by natural selection states that populations will evolve over time as a result of genetic variation and environmental pressures. Which of the following is a key mechanism of evolution?
A. Genetic drift
B. Gene flow
C. Mutation
Correct D. Natural selection

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21
In the process of osmoregulation, what is the primary mechanism by which the kidneys regulate the concentration of ions in the blood?
Correct A. Reabsorption of ions in the proximal convoluted tubule
B. Secretion of ions in the distal convoluted tubule
C. Reabsorption of ions in the loop of Henle
D. Excretion of ions in the collecting duct

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Lipid synthesis
Correct C. Modification and packaging of proteins and lipids
D. Cell signaling

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23
A patient is diagnosed with a bacterial infection. Which of the following antibiotics is most likely to be effective against this type of infection?
A. Penicillin
B. Erythromycin
Correct C. Ciprofloxacin
D. Vancomycin

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24
What is the primary mechanism by which the pancreas regulates blood glu\cose levels?
Correct A. Insulin secretion
B. Glucagon secretion
C. Somatostatin secretion
D. Gastrin secretion

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
A plant is placed in a controlled environment with a cons\tant temperature and humidity. What is the primary effect of this environment on the plant's growth?
A. Increased growth rate
B. Decreased growth rate
Correct C. No effect on growth rate
D. Increased root growth

Correct Answer: C

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