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POST UTME LASU 2019 Biology | Objective

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Question 1

In the xylem, water and minerals are transported from the roots to the leaves through the process of

Correct A. Transpiration Pull

B. Transpiration Push

C. Root Pressure

D. Capillary Action

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy is known as

A. Respiration

Correct B. Photosynthesis

C. Transpiration

D. Translocation

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

In the human body, the process of excretion involves the removal of waste products through the

Correct A. Kidneys

B. Liver

C. Lungs

D. Skin

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

The cell membrane is semi-permeable, allowing certain subs\tances to pass through by

A. Osmosis

B. Diffusion

C. Active Transport

Correct D. Passive Transport

Correct Answer: D

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Question 5

The process of cell division that results in the production of four daughter cells is known as

Correct A. Mitosis

B. Meiosis

C. Binary Fission

D. Budding

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences. Which of the following is a necessary condition for the Hardy-Weinberg principle to hold?

A. Random mating

B. No mutation

C. No gene flow

Correct D. No natural selection

Correct Answer: D

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Question 7

A patient has been diagnosed with a bacterial infection caused by a gram-negative bacterium. The patient's symptoms include fever, chills, and abdominal pain. Which of the following antibiotics is most likely to be effective against this type of infection?

A. Penicillin

Correct B. Ciprofloxacin

C. Amoxicillin

D. Vancomycin

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

A 25-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a 2-day history of severe headache, fever, and stiff neck. She has a history of recent travel to a tropical region. A lumbar puncture is performed, and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is sent for analysis. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Correct A. Meningitis

B. Encephalitis

C. Subarachnoid hemorrhage

D. Brain tumor

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

A 35-year-old man presents to the primary care physician with a 1-year history of increa\sing fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. He has a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia. A physical examination reveals a systolic ejection murmur. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

B. Dilated cardiomyopathy

Correct C. Aortic stenosis

D. Mitral regurgitation

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10

A 20-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a 2-day history of severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. She has a history of recent travel to a tropical region. A CT scan of the abdomen is performed, and the results show a large cystic structure in the liver. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Liver abscess

Correct B. Liver cyst

C. Liver tumor

D. Pancreatitis

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11

The diagram below represents a cross-section of the human eye. Which of the following structures is responsible for detecting light?

A. Cornea

B. Iris

Correct C. Retina

D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 12

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that the frequency of alleles in a population remains cons\tant from generation to generation. Which of the following is a necessary condition for the Hardy-Weinberg principle to hold?

A. Random mating

B. No mutation

C. No gene flow

Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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Question 13

The diagram below represents a simple food web. Which of the following organisms is a primary consumer?

A. Plant

Correct B. Herbivore

C. Carnivore

D. Decomposer

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14

The equation \( Delta G = Delta H - TDelta S \) represents the change in Gibbs free energy. Which of the following is a necessary condition for a reaction to be spon\taneous?

Correct A. \( Delta G < 0 \)

B. \( Delta H < 0 \)

C. \( TDelta S > 0 \)

D. \( Delta S < 0 \)

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The diagram below represents a simple circuit. Which of the following is the correct direction of current flow?

Correct A. From A to B

B. From B to A

C. From A to C and then to B

D. From B to C and then to A

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

The process of mitosis in a eukaryotic cell results in the production of daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Which of the following stages of mitosis is responsible for the separation of chromosomes into two daughter cells?

A. Prophase

B. Metaphase

Correct C. Anaphase

D. Telophase

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17

A diagram of the human brain is shown below. Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling voluntary movements?

Correct A. Cerebrum

B. Cerebellum

C. Brainstem

D. Spinal Cord

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

The rate of diffusion of a subs\tance through a membrane is influenced by the concentration gradient of the subs\tance. What is the term for the movement of a subs\tance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

A. Osmosis

Correct B. Diffusion

C. Active Transport

D. Passive Transport

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19

The process of photosynthesis in plants involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy. Which of the following is a byproduct of photosynthesis?

A. Glu\cose

Correct B. Oxygen

C. Carbon Dioxide

D. Water

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20

A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for adjusting the size of the pupil in response to changes in light intensity?

A. Cornea

Correct B. Iris

C. Lens

D. Retina

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21

In a eukaryotic cell, the \endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins that are destined for secretion or for use within the cell. Which of the following is a characteristic of the rough \endoplasmic reticulum?

Correct A. It has ribosomes attached to its surface.

B. It is involved in the synthesis of lipids.

C. It is a type of smooth \endoplasmic reticulum.

D. It is found only in plant cells.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

The process of osmoregulation in animals involves the regulation of the concentration of solutes in the body fluids. Which of the following is a mechanism used by the kidneys to regulate the concentration of solutes in the blood?

A. The kidneys filter the blood and remove excess solutes.

B. The kidneys produce hormones that regulate the concentration of solutes in the blood.

Correct C. The kidneys regulate the amount of water in the body by adjusting the amount of urine produced.

D. The kidneys regulate the concentration of solutes in the blood by adjusting the amount of salt in the diet.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23

The xylem is a type of vascular tissue found in plants that is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. Which of the following is a characteristic of the xylem?

Correct A. It is composed of dead cells.

B. It is responsible for transporting sugars from the leaves to the roots.

C. It is found only in the roots of plants.

D. It is composed of living cells.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

The nervous system is a complex system that consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Which of the following is a function of the nervous system?

A. It regulates the concentration of solutes in the blood.

B. It transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

Correct C. It controls voluntary movements such as walking and talking.

D. It regulates body temperature.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25

The process of respiration in animals involves the breakdown of glu\cose to produce energy. Which of the following is a byproduct of cellular respiration?

A. Water and carbon dioxide.

B. Glu\cose and oxygen.

Correct C. Carbon dioxide and energy.

D. Oxygen and water.

Correct Answer: C

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