POST UTME IGBINEDION UNIVERSITY 2024 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of meiosis results in the production of four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Which of the following is a characteristic of meiosis?
A. It is a type of mitosis
B. It results in the production of four daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
C. It is a type of asexual reproduction
Correct D. It results in the production of four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2
A diagram of a plant's xylem and phloem is shown below. What is the function of the xylem?
Correct A. To transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
B. To transport sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to the rest of the plant
C. To provide structural support to the plant
D. To regulate the plant's temperature

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
A microorganism is cau\sing a disease in a human host. Which of the following is a characteristic of the microorganism?
A. It is a type of virus
Correct B. It is a type of bacteria
C. It is a type of fungus
D. It is a type of protozoan

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4
A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. What is the function of the alveoli?
Correct A. To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood
B. To filter the blood
C. To regulate the body's temperature
D. To produce mucus

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5
A diagram of a cell is shown below. What is the function of the mitochondria?
Correct A. To produce energy for the cell
B. To synthesize proteins
C. To regulate the cell's growth
D. To transport subs\tances across the cell membrane

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6
In the context of osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the hypothalamus in regulating water balance in the body?
Correct A. To produce antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
B. To regulate thirst sensation
C. To control electrolyte balance
D. To manage blood pressure

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
A 25-year-old woman presents with a 2-year history of recurrent vaginal yeast infections. Which of the following genetic disorders is most likely responsible for her condition?
A. Sickle cell anemia
B. Cystic fibrosis
C. Diabetes mellitus
Correct D. Immunodeficiency

Correct Answer: D

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Question 8
A 35-year-old man undergoes a surgical procedure to remove a tumor from his pancreas. Which of the following types of tissue is most likely to be involved in the surgical procedure?
Correct A. Epithelial tissue
B. Connective tissue
C. Muscle tissue
D. Nervous tissue

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
A 20-year-old woman presents with a 1-year history of recurrent urinary tract infections. Which of the following genetic disorders is most likely responsible for her condition?
A. Sickle cell anemia
B. Cystic fibrosis
C. Diabetes mellitus
Correct D. Immunodeficiency

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10
A 30-year-old man undergoes a surgical procedure to remove a tumor from his liver. Which of the following types of tissue is most likely to be involved in the surgical procedure?
Correct A. Epithelial tissue
B. Connective tissue
C. Muscle tissue
D. Nervous tissue

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'r' is 0.2. If the population size is 1000, how many individuals can be expected to be homozygous recessive?
Correct A. 200
B. 400
C. 600
D. 800

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
A species of bird has a beak length of 5 cm. If the beak length is increased by 20% due to evolutionary adaptation, what is the new beak length?
A. 6 cm
B. 5.5 cm
Correct C. 6.5 cm
D. 7 cm

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13
A plant has a photosynthetic rate of 10 mg CO2/h. If the light intensity is increased by 50%, what is the new photosynthetic rate?
A. 15 mg CO2/h
B. 12.5 mg CO2/h
Correct C. 20 mg CO2/h
D. 25 mg CO2/h

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14
A species of fish has a digestive system with a pH of 7. If the pH is decreased by 1 unit, what is the new pH?
Correct A. 6
B. 7
C. 8
D. 9

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
A diagram shows a plant with a root system and a stem. If the root system is removed, what is the new structure?
A. A stem with leaves
B. A root system with a stem
C. A plant with a root system and a stem
Correct D. A plant with only a stem

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16
The process of photosynthesis in plants involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy in the form of glu\cose. Which of the following is a byproduct of photosynthesis?
Correct A. Oxygen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Water
D. Nitrogen

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
The cell cycle consists of four stages: interphase, prophase, metaphase, and telophase. Which stage is characterized by the condensation of chromatin and the disappearance of the nucleolus?
A. Interphase
Correct B. Prophase
C. Metaphase
D. Telophase

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18
The xylem is a type of vascular tissue in plants that is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. Which of the following is a characteristic of xylem tissue?
Correct A. It is composed of dead cells
B. It is composed of living cells
C. It is responsible for transporting sugars
D. It is responsible for transporting amino acids

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19
The human immune system consists of two main types of immunity: innate and adaptive. Which type of immunity provides long-term protection against pathogens?
A. Innate immunity
Correct B. Adaptive immunity
C. Cell-mediated immunity
D. Humoral immunity

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20
The process of digestion in the human body involves the breakdown of food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. Which of the following enzymes is responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach?
Correct A. Pep\sin
B. Tryp\sin
C. Lactase
D. Amylase

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
Correct A. 0.64
B. 0.36
C. 0.16
D. 0.04

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
A plant cell has a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and a small nucleus. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of plant cells?
A. Presence of a cell wall
B. Presence of a large central vacuole
C. Presence of a small nucleus
Correct D. Presence of mitochondria

Correct Answer: D

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Question 23
A diagram of a human respiratory system is shown below. Which of the following is the correct function of the alveoli?
Correct A. Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
B. Filtering of dust particles
C. Production of mucus
D. Regulation of body temperature

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24
A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population size is 100 and the growth rate is 20% per hour, what is the population size after 3 hours?
A. 1600
B. 1800
C. 2000
Correct D. 2200

Correct Answer: D

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Question 25
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Which of the following is the correct function of the chloroplast?
Correct A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Transpiration
D. Osmosis

Correct Answer: A

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