Practice post utme igbinedion university government 2020 Past Questions

Question 1

In a system of government where power is divided among separate branches, which of the following is an example of a check on the legislative branch?

A. The power to declare war

Correct B. The power to veto legislation

C. The power to appoint federal judges

D. The power to conduct foreign policy

Correct Answer: B

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Question 2

A government's ability to enforce its laws and maintain order is an example of which of the following?

A. Legitimacy

B. Authority

C. Power

Correct D. Coercive Power

Correct Answer: D

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Question 3

The concept of separation of powers is based on the idea that power should be divided among which of the following branches of government?

Correct A. Executive, Legislative, and Judicial

B. Executive and Legislative

C. Legislative and Judicial

D. Executive and Judicial

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

The Nigerian Constitution is based on which of the following principles?

A. Separation of Powers

Correct B. Federalism

C. Unitary System

D. Constitutional Monarchy

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5

The system of government in Nigeria is based on which of the following?

Correct A. Federal System

B. Unitary System

C. Confederation

D. Constitutional Monarchy

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

The concept of legitimacy in government refers to the moral rightness of a political authority to govern. Which of the following best describes the source of legitimacy in a democratic system?

Correct A. The consent of the governed

B. The authority of a monarch

C. The power of a military coup

D. The influence of a wealthy elite

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

In a federal system of government, power is divided between the central government and the constituent units. Which of the following is an example of a power that is typically reserved for the constituent units?

A. Regulation of commerce

B. Collection of taxes

C. Maintenance of law and order

Correct D. Education policy

Correct Answer: D

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Question 8

The separation of powers in a government refers to the division of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Which of the following is an example of a check on the power of the executive branch?

Correct A. The power of impeachment

B. The power of judicial review

C. The power of legislative override

D. The power of executive pardon

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

The United Nations is an international organization that promotes peace and security among its member states. Which of the following is a key principle of the UN Charter?

A. The principle of sovereignty

B. The principle of non-interference

Correct C. The principle of collective security

D. The principle of self-determination

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional economic community that promotes economic integration among its member states. Which of the following is a key objective of ECOWAS?

Correct A. To promote economic development

B. To promote political stability

C. To promote regional security

D. To promote cultural exchange

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The concept of constitutionalism is closely related to the idea of the rule of law. Discuss how the rule of law is essential to the functioning of a constitutional democracy.

Correct A. The rule of law ensures that the government and citizens are subject to the law, promoting accountability and fairness.

B. The rule of law is not essential to the functioning of a constitutional democracy, as it can be replaced by other forms of governance.

C. The rule of law is only necessary in cases where the government is not following the constitution.

D. The rule of law is a concept that is unique to constitutional democracies and is not applicable to other forms of governance.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

The United Nations (UN) has been criticized for its inability to prevent conflicts in various parts of the world. Discuss the limitations of the UN in preventing conflicts and propose possible solutions.

A. The UN's limitations in preventing conflicts are due to its lack of military power and its inability to enforce its decisions.

Correct B. The UN's limitations in preventing conflicts are due to its inability to address the root causes of conflicts, such as poverty and inequality.

C. The UN's limitations in preventing conflicts are due to its bureaucratic structure and its inability to respond quickly to emerging crises.

D. The UN's limitations in preventing conflicts are due to its lack of funding and resources.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

The concept of power is often associated with the ability to influence others. Discuss the different forms of power and how they are exercised in different contexts.

Correct A. Power can be exercised through coercion, persuasion, or manipulation.

B. Power is only exercised through coercion and manipulation.

C. Power is only exercised through persuasion and manipulation.

D. Power is not exercised through any of these means.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

The concept of legitimacy is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how legitimacy is established and maintained in different contexts.

A. Legitimacy is established through the exercise of power and authority.

Correct B. Legitimacy is established through the consent of the governed.

C. Legitimacy is established through the rule of law.

D. Legitimacy is not established through any of these means.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15

The concept of authority is often associated with the idea of power. Discuss the different forms of authority and how they are exercised in different contexts.

Correct A. Authority can be exercised through coercion, persuasion, or manipulation.

B. Authority is only exercised through coercion and manipulation.

C. Authority is only exercised through persuasion and manipulation.

D. Authority is not exercised through any of these means.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

In a federal system of government, the separation of powers is designed to prevent the concentration of power in one branch of government. Which of the following is a consequence of this separation?

Correct A. Increased accountability among government officials

B. Reduced efficiency in governance

C. Enhanced ability of the government to respond to emergencies

D. Decreased transparency in government operations

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

A country's foreign policy is influenced by its national interest, which is shaped by its culture, history, and geography. What is the term for this concept?

A. Realism

B. Idealism

Correct C. Nationalism

D. Multilateralism

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

In a democratic system of government, the rule of law is essential for protecting individual rights and promoting social justice. What is the term for the principle that the government and its officials are subject to the law?

A. Separation of powers

B. Checks and balances

Correct C. Rule of law

D. Due process

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19

A country's electoral system can have a significant impact on its democratic process. What is the term for a system in which voters directly elect their representatives?

A. Proportional representation

B. First-past-the-post

Correct C. Direct democracy

D. Sortition

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

In a federal system of government, the powers of the central government are divided among different levels of government. What is the term for the power to make laws that apply to the entire country?

A. Concurrent powers

B. Reserved powers

C. Enumerated powers

Correct D. Implied powers

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21

The concept of constitutionalism is closely related to the idea of the rule of law. Discuss how the rule of law is essential to the functioning of a constitutional democracy.

Correct A. The rule of law ensures that the government and citizens are subject to the law, promoting accountability and justice.

B. The rule of law is not essential to the functioning of a constitutional democracy, as it can be replaced by other forms of governance.

C. The rule of law is only necessary in cases where the government is not functioning properly.

D. The rule of law is a concept that is unique to constitutional democracies and is not applicable in other forms of governance.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

In a federal system of government, power is divided between the central government and the constituent units. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system.

A. Advantages: promotes regional autonomy, encourages economic development, and reduces the burden on the central government. Disadvantages: can lead to conflicts between the central government and constituent units, and may result in unequal distribution of resources.

Correct B. Advantages: promotes national unity, encourages cooperation between the central government and constituent units, and provides a framework for resolving conflicts. Disadvantages: can lead to a concentration of power in the central government, and may result in the marginalization of constituent units.

C. Advantages: promotes regional autonomy, encourages economic development, and reduces the burden on the central government. Disadvantages: can lead to conflicts between the central government and constituent units, and may result in unequal distribution of resources.

D. Advantages: promotes national unity, encourages cooperation between the central government and constituent units, and provides a framework for resolving conflicts. Disadvantages: can lead to a concentration of power in the central government, and may result in the marginalization of constituent units.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

The concept of legitimacy is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how legitimacy is essential to the functioning of a government.

Correct A. Legitimacy is essential to the functioning of a government because it provides a moral justification for the exercise of power.

B. Legitimacy is not essential to the functioning of a government, as it can be replaced by other forms of authority.

C. Legitimacy is only necessary in cases where the government is not functioning properly.

D. Legitimacy is a concept that is unique to democratic governments and is not applicable in other forms of governance.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

In a system of government, power is exercised by the people through their elected representatives. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system.

Correct A. Advantages: promotes democracy, encourages citizen participation, and provides a framework for resolving conflicts. Disadvantages: can lead to a concentration of power in the hands of elected representatives, and may result in unequal representation.

B. Advantages: promotes national unity, encourages cooperation between the government and citizens, and provides a framework for resolving conflicts. Disadvantages: can lead to a lack of accountability, and may result in the marginalization of certain groups.

C. Advantages: promotes democracy, encourages citizen participation, and provides a framework for resolving conflicts. Disadvantages: can lead to a concentration of power in the hands of elected representatives, and may result in unequal representation.

D. Advantages: promotes national unity, encourages cooperation between the government and citizens, and provides a framework for resolving conflicts. Disadvantages: can lead to a lack of accountability, and may result in the marginalization of certain groups.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The concept of human rights is closely related to the idea of the rule of law. Discuss how human rights are essential to the functioning of a constitutional democracy.

Correct A. Human rights are essential to the functioning of a constitutional democracy because they provide a framework for protecting individual freedoms and promoting social justice.

B. Human rights are not essential to the functioning of a constitutional democracy, as they can be replaced by other forms of governance.

C. Human rights are only necessary in cases where the government is not functioning properly.

D. Human rights are a concept that is unique to constitutional democracies and is not applicable in other forms of governance.

Correct Answer: A

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