POST UTME IGBINEDION UNIVERSITY 2020 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'r' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype?
Correct A. 0.36
B. 0.64
C. 0.16
D. 0.04

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A diagram of the human brain is shown below. Which part of the brain is responsible for proces\sing visual information?
Correct A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Brainstem
D. Spinal Cord

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
The following diagram shows a titration setup. What is the purpose of the burette?
A. To measure the volume of the acid
Correct B. To measure the volume of the base
C. To mix the acid and base
D. To measure the pH of the solution

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4
A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population is 100 and the doubling time is 2 hours, what is the population after 6 hours?
A. 1600
B. 3200
Correct C. 6400
D. 12800

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5
The following diagram shows a cross-section of a plant root. Which part of the root is responsible for absorbing water and minerals from the soil?
Correct A. Root Hair
B. Xylem
C. Phloem
D. Cortex

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6
In the process of photosynthesis, what is the role of the enzyme RuBisCO?
A. It catalyzes the conversion of CO2 to glu\cose
B. It is involved in the light-dep\endent reactions of photosynthesis
Correct C. It is a key enzyme in the Calvin cycle
D. It is responsible for the absorption of light energy

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7
What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?
A. It is responsible for protein synthesis
B. It is involved in the breakdown of cellular waste
Correct C. It modifies and packages proteins and lipids for transport
D. It regulates the cell cycle

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8
A scientist is studying the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli bacteria. Which of the following would be the most appropriate method for measuring the pH of the growth medium?
Correct A. U\sing a pH meter
B. U\sing a pH indicator
C. U\sing a spectrophotometer
D. U\sing a microscope

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
What is the term for the process by which a cell becomes specialized to perform a specific function?
Correct A. Differentiation
B. Mitosis
C. Meiosis
D. Symbiosis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'X'?
A. It is the site of protein synthesis
B. It is the site of lipid synthesis
Correct C. It is the site of carbohydrate synthesis
D. It is the site of DNA replication

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11
In a population of 1000 individuals, 50% are homozygous dominant (BB), 40% are heterozygous (Bb), and 10% are homozygous recessive (bb). What is the frequency of the recessive allele (b) in this population?
Correct A. 0.25
B. 0.33
C. 0.40
D. 0.50

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
A 2-year-old child is diagnosed with a rare genetic disorder that affects the metabolism of a particular amino acid. The child's parents are both carriers of the recessive allele for this disorder. What is the probability that their next child will be affected by the disorder?
Correct A. 0.25
B. 0.50
C. 0.75
D. 1.00

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13
A researcher is studying the effect of a new antibiotic on a population of bacteria. The bacteria are initially resis\tant to the antibiotic, but after 5 days of treatment, 50% of the population is killed. What is the rate of killing of the bacteria per day?
A. 0.10
B. 0.20
Correct C. 0.25
D. 0.30

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14
A 30-year-old woman is diagnosed with a rare disease that affects the kidneys. The disease is caused by a mutation in a gene that codes for a protein involved in the regulation of blood pressure. What is the likely effect of this mutation on the woman's blood pressure?
A. \downarrow
Correct B. \uparrow
C. \leftrightarrow
D. \rightarrow

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15
A researcher is studying the effect of a new pesticide on a population of insects. The pesticide is applied to the insects at a concentration of 10 mg/L. What is the expected effect of this pesticide on the population of insects?
A. \uparrow
Correct B. \downarrow
C. \leftrightarrow
D. \rightarrow

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16
In a population of 1000 individuals, 80% are susceptible to a particular disease, 15% are infected, and 5% are recovered. Assuming the disease is caused by a virus and the population is homogeneous, calculate the basic reproduction number (R0) u\sing the formula R0 = β * S / γ, where β is the transmission rate, S is the number of susceptible individuals, and γ is the recovery rate. Given that β = 0.2 and γ = 0.1, what is the value of R0?
Correct A. 1.6
B. 1.8
C. 2.0
D. 2.2

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
A 2-year-old child is brought to the hospital with symptoms of pneumonia. The child's white blood cell count is 15,000 cells/μL, and the child's temperature is 38.5°C. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the child's symptoms?
Correct A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Haemophilus influenzae
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Escherichia coli

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18
A 35-year-old woman is diagnosed with breast cancer. The cancer is classified as stage II, and the tumor is 2 cm in diameter. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment option?
A. Surgery only
B. Chemotherapy only
C. Radiation therapy only
Correct D. Combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19
A 45-year-old man is diagnosed with hypertension. His blood pressure is 160/100 mmHg, and his heart rate is 80 beats/min. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment option?
A. Li\sinopril only
B. Amlodipine only
C. Hydrochlorothiazide only
Correct D. Combination of li\sinopril and amlodipine

Correct Answer: D

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Question 20
A 28-year-old woman is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Her fasting blood glu\cose level is 180 mg/dL, and her hemoglobin A1c level is 8.5%. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment option?
A. Metformin only
B. Sulfonylurea only
C. Pioglitazone only
Correct D. Combination of metformin and sulfonylurea

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21
The process of osmoregulation in plants involves the movement of water from the roots to the xylem. Which of the following statements is true about the xylem?
A. The xylem is responsible for the transport of sugars from the leaves to the roots.
Correct B. The xylem is responsible for the transport of water from the roots to the leaves.
C. The xylem is responsible for the transport of minerals from the roots to the leaves.
D. The xylem is responsible for the transport of gases from the leaves to the roots.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22
A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population is 1000 and the population doubles every 2 hours, what is the population after 6 hours?
A. 1000
B. 2000
C. 4000
Correct D. 8000

Correct Answer: D

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Question 23
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'A'?
A. To focus light on the retina.
Correct B. To detect light and transmit signals to the brain.
C. To produce tears.
D. To clean the eye.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that the frequency of alleles in a population remains cons\tant from generation to generation. If the frequency of the dominant allele 'A' is 0.6 and the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.4, what is the frequency of the genotype 'AA'?
Correct A. 0.36
B. 0.48
C. 0.64
D. 0.72

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
A diagram of the human kidney is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'B'?
Correct A. To filter waste from the blood.
B. To regulate blood pressure.
C. To produce hormones.
D. To store urine.

Correct Answer: A

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