POST UTME IGBINEDION UNIVERSITY 2019 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In the context of photosynthesis, what is the primary function of the thylakoid membrane?
Correct A. To facilitate the transfer of electrons during the light-dep\endent reactions
B. To regulate the concentration of ATP and NADPH
C. To synthesize glu\cose from CO2 and H2O
D. To absorb light energy from the sun

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A patient with a genetic disorder has a mutation in the HBB gene, which codes for the \beta-globin subunit of hemoglobin. What type of mutation is this?
Correct A. Point mutation
B. Frameshift mutation
C. Deletion mutation
D. Insertion mutation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Identify the part labeled A.
Correct A. Cornea
B. Iris
C. Lens
D. Retina

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
A patient with a kidney disorder has a high level of urea in their blood. What is the primary function of the kidneys in this context?
A. To regulate the concentration of electrolytes
B. To synthesize glu\cose from CO2 and H2O
Correct C. To remove waste products from the blood
D. To regulate blood pressure

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5
A diagram of the human digestive system is shown below. Identify the part labeled B.
A. Esophagus
Correct B. Stomach
C. Small intestine
D. Large intestine

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6
In the context of hormonal coordination, what is the primary function of the hypothalamus in regulating body temperature?
A. To produce heat-shock proteins
B. To stimulate sweat glands
Correct C. To regulate the pituitary gland
D. To increase metabolic rate

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7
Which of the following types of tissue is characterized by its ability to contract and relax?
A. Epithelial tissue
B. Connective tissue
Correct C. Muscle tissue
D. Nervous tissue

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8
In the process of respiration, what is the primary function of the alveoli?
Correct A. To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
B. To regulate body temperature
C. To produce surfac\tant
D. To filter blood

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
Which of the following types of nutrition is characterized by the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones?
A. Photosynthesis
Correct B. Digestion
C. Respiration
D. Fermentation

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10
In the context of classification of living things, what is the primary function of the kingdom?
A. To group organisms based on their morpho\logy
B. To group organisms based on their physio\logy
Correct C. To group organisms based on their evolutionary history
D. To group organisms based on their eco\logical niches

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of mitosis is initiated by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, which is triggered by the activation of the protein kinase Cdc28. What is the primary function of the Cdc28 protein kinase in this context?
Correct A. To phosphorylate and activate the cyclin-dep\endent kinase
B. To inhibit the activity of the anaphase-promoting complex
C. To regulate the expression of the histone genes
D. To control the spindle checkpoint

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
The diagram below shows a cross-section of a plant root. What is the primary function of the xylem tissue in this region?
Correct A. To transport water and minerals from the soil to the leaves
B. To store starch and other nutrients
C. To support the structure of the root
D. To produce hormones that regulate plant growth

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13
The diagram below shows a simplified representation of the human eye. What is the primary function of the retina in this organ?
Correct A. To detect light and transmit visual signals to the brain
B. To produce tears that lubricate the eye
C. To regulate the amount of light that enters the eye
D. To produce hormones that regulate the sleep-wake cycle

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14
The process of photosynthesis in plants involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy, which is stored in the form of glu\cose. What is the primary reac\tant in this process?
Correct A. Carbon dioxide
B. Water
C. Glu\cose
D. Oxygen

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
The diagram below shows a simplified representation of the human digestive system. What is the primary function of the pancreas in this system?
A. To produce digestive enzymes that break down proteins
Correct B. To produce hormones that regulate blood sugar levels
C. To absorb nutrients from the small intestine
D. To store bile that is produced by the liver

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16
A population of Drosophila melanogaster is being studied for its response to different temperatures. The population's mean fitness is measured at 25°C, 30°C, and 35°C. The results are as follows: at 25°C, the mean fitness is 0.8; at 30°C, the mean fitness is 0.7; and at 35°C, the mean fitness is 0.6. Assuming that the population's fitness is a function of temperature, what is the slope of the regression line for this data?
Correct A. 0.1
B. -0.1
C. 0.05
D. -0.05

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
A cell is placed in a solution with a concentration of 0.1 M glu\cose. The cell membrane is permeable to glu\cose, but not to other solutes. The cell has an initial concentration of 0.05 M glu\cose inside. What is the concentration of glu\cose inside the cell after 10 minutes?
A. 0.05 M
B. 0.1 M
Correct C. 0.15 M
D. 0.2 M

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18
A species of bird has a population of 100 individuals. The population grows at a rate of 20% per year. What is the population size after 5 years?
A. 161.00
B. 162.00
Correct C. 163.00
D. 164.00

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of a microorganism. The researcher measures the growth of the microorganism at different pH levels and obtains the following data: at pH 4, the growth is 0.5 cm; at pH 5, the growth is 1.0 cm; at pH 6, the growth is 1.5 cm; at pH 7, the growth is 2.0 cm; at pH 8, the growth is 2.5 cm; and at pH 9, the growth is 3.0 cm. What is the pH at which the growth of the microorganism is maximum?
A. 5
B. 6
Correct C. 7
D. 8

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20
A plant has a root system that consists of 10 roots, each with a length of 10 cm. The plant also has a stem with a length of 50 cm. What is the total length of the plant's root system and stem?
A. 500 cm
Correct B. 600 cm
C. 700 cm
D. 800 cm

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21
In a diploid cell, the ratio of autosomal chromosomes to sex chromosomes is 22:1. If the individual is heterozygous for a gene located on one of the autosomal chromosomes, what is the probability that the offspring will inherit the dominant allele?
Correct A. 0.5
B. 0.25
C. 0.75
D. 0.33

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
A researcher is studying the effect of a new pesticide on the population of a certain insect species. The pesticide has a 30% mortality rate on the insects. If the initial population of the insects is 1000, what is the expected number of insects that will survive after 5 applications of the pesticide?
A. 312
Correct B. 375
C. 450
D. 525

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23
A plant has a genotype of BBSS at the flower color locus. If the plant is crossed with a plant having the genotype bbss, what is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype BbSS?
Correct A. 0.5
B. 0.25
C. 0.75
D. 0.33

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24
A diagram of a human brain is shown below. Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling voluntary movements?
Correct A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Brainstem
D. Spinal Cord

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
A diagram of a human heart is shown below. Which part of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
A. Right Ventricle
B. Left Ventricle
Correct C. Right Atrium
D. Left Atrium

Correct Answer: C

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