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POST UTME GREENFIELD UNIVERSITY 2024 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME GREENFIELD UNIVERSITY exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2024 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

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Question 1

In the context of osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the kidneys in maintaining electrolyte balance?

Correct A. To regulate the concentration of ions in the blood

B. To excrete excess water and maintain blood pressure

C. To reabsorb glu\cose and amino acids from the filtrate

D. To produce antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A geneticist is studying the inheri\tance of a certain trait in a population. If the trait is determined by a \single gene with two alleles, what is the probability that a heterozygous individual will pass on the dominant allele to their offspring?

Correct A. 50%

B. 25%

C. 75%

D. 100%

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

A plant grows in a controlled environment with a cons\tant temperature of 25°C and a photoperiod of 12 hours. If the plant is exposed to a sudden change in temperature to 30°C, what is the expected effect on its growth rate?

A. Increased growth rate

Correct B. Decreased growth rate

C. No change in growth rate

D. Stunted growth

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4

A microorganism is isolated from a patient's blood sample and identified as Staphylococcus aureus. If the patient is allergic to penicillin, what is the recomm\ended antibiotic treatment?

Correct A. Vancomycin

B. Ciprofloxacin

C. Gentamicin

D. Tetracycline

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. If the diagram is labeled as follows: A) Trachea, B) Bronchi, C) Alveoli, D) Diaphragm, what is the correct sequence of air flow from the nose to the lungs?

Correct A. Nose → Trachea → Bronchi → Alveoli

B. Nose → Bronchi → Trachea → Alveoli

C. Nose → Alveoli → Bronchi → Trachea

D. Nose → Diaphragm → Trachea → Bronchi

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

In a population of 1000 individuals, 80% are heterozygous for the gene controlling the flower color trait. If 20% of the population are homozygous recessive, what is the probability that a randomly selected individual will be homozygous dominant?

Correct A. 0.2

B. 0.4

C. 0.6

D. 0.8

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

A researcher isolates a new species of bacteria that exhibits both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Which of the following best describes the metabolic pathway of this bacterium?

A. \( \text{C} \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \)

Correct B. \( \text{C} \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{ATP} \)

C. \( \text{C} \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{NADH} \)

D. \( \text{C} \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{FADH}_2 \)

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

A diagram of the nitrogen cycle is shown below. Which of the following processes is represented by the arrow pointing from the 'ammonia' box to the 'nitrite' box?

Correct A. \( \text{NH}_3 \rightarrow \text{NO}_2^- \)

B. \( \text{NH}_3 \rightarrow \text{NO}_3^- \)

C. \( \text{NO}_2^- \rightarrow \text{NO}_3^- \)

D. \( \text{NO}_3^- \rightarrow \text{NH}_3 \)

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of a certain type of bacteria. The graph below shows the relationship between pH and bacterial growth.

A. The bacteria grow best at a pH of 7.

Correct B. The bacteria grow best at a pH of 9.

C. The bacteria grow best at a pH of 11.

D. The bacteria grow best at a pH of 13.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10

A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the growth of a certain type of plant. The graph below shows the relationship between temperature and plant growth.

A. The plant grows best at a temperature of 20°C.

Correct B. The plant grows best at a temperature of 25°C.

C. The plant grows best at a temperature of 30°C.

D. The plant grows best at a temperature of 35°C.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11

In a population of E. coli bacteria, the average generation time is 30 minutes. If the population is initially 10^6, what is the population size after 4 hours?

A. 10^7

B. 10^8

Correct C. 10^9

D. 10^10

Correct Answer: C

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Question 12

A plant has a photosynthetic rate of 10 μmol CO2 s^-1. If the light intensity is increased by a factor of 4, what is the new photosynthetic rate?

A. 20 μmol CO2 s^-1

B. 40 μmol CO2 s^-1

Correct C. 80 μmol CO2 s^-1

D. 160 μmol CO2 s^-1

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13

A genetic cross between two true-breeding lines of pea plants results in a 3:1 ratio of green seeds to yellow seeds. What is the genotype of the parents?

A. Bb x Bb

Correct B. Bb x bb

C. BB x bb

D. Bb x BB

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14

A 2.0 L flask contains 1.0 mol of N2 gas at 25°C. If 1.0 mol of O2 gas is added, what is the total pressure of the mixture?

A. 1.0 atm

B. 2.0 atm

Correct C. 3.0 atm

D. 4.0 atm

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15

A 50-year-old woman has a family history of breast cancer. Her mother and sister both had breast cancer at the age of 40. What is the probability that she will develop breast cancer by the age of 50?

A. 0.1

Correct B. 0.2

C. 0.3

D. 0.4

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16

In a tropical rainforest e\cosystem, the primary consumers are primarily herbivores. Which of the following is a characteristic of these herbivores?

A. They have a large body size

Correct B. They have a specialized digestive system

C. They have a high metabolic rate

D. They have a long lifespan

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

In a plant's xylem, what is the primary function of the tracheids?

Correct A. To transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves

B. To transport sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to the roots

C. To provide structural support to the plant

D. To regulate the plant's water potential

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

Asexual reproduction in plants can occur through the production of

A. Seeds

B. Spores

Correct C. Buds

D. Runners

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19

In a population of a species, the average fitness of the individuals is

Correct A. The average fitness of the individuals is equal to the population's mean fitness

B. The average fitness of the individuals is equal to the population's median fitness

C. The average fitness of the individuals is greater than the population's mean fitness

D. The average fitness of the individuals is less than the population's mean fitness

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

In a photosynthetic pathway, the light-dep\endent reactions occur in the

Correct A. Thylakoid membrane

B. Stroma

C. Chloroplast envelope

D. Mitochondrial matrix

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

In the context of excretion and osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the kidneys in maintaining homeostasis?

A. To regulate the concentration of electrolytes in the blood

B. To remove waste products from the body

C. To maintain the pH balance of the blood

Correct D. To regulate the amount of water in the body

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'A'?

Correct A. Nucleus

B. Mitochondria

C. Chloroplast

D. Vacuole

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

A genetic trait is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. What is the probability that a child will inherit the dominant allele if one parent is homozygous dominant and the other parent is heterozygous?

Correct A. 0.5

B. 0.75

C. 0.25

D. 0.33

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

A diagram of a human respiratory system is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'B'?

A. Trachea

Correct B. Lungs

C. Diaphragm

D. Bronchi

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25

A diagram of a human excretory system is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'C'?

A. Liver

B. Pancreas

Correct C. Kidneys

D. Spleen

Correct Answer: C

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