Practice post utme esut government 2023 Past Questions

Question 1

In a presidential system of government, what is the primary function of the legislative branch in relation to the executive branch?

Correct A. To provide a check on the executive branch by exercising its power of impeachment.

B. To provide a check on the executive branch by exercising its power of budget approval.

C. To provide a check on the executive branch by exercising its power of judicial review.

D. To provide a check on the executive branch by exercising its power of legislative veto.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

What is the primary difference between a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary monarchy?

A. A constitutional monarchy has a written constitution, while a parliamentary monarchy does not.

B. A constitutional monarchy has a monarch with limited powers, while a parliamentary monarchy has a monarch with absolute powers.

Correct C. A constitutional monarchy has a monarch who serves as head of state, while a parliamentary monarchy has a prime minister who serves as head of government.

D. A constitutional monarchy has a monarch who is elected, while a parliamentary monarchy has a monarch who is appointed.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3

In a federal system of government, what is the primary function of the federal government in relation to the state governments?

A. To provide a check on the state governments by exercising its power of judicial review.

B. To provide a check on the state governments by exercising its power of budget approval.

C. To provide a check on the state governments by exercising its power of legislative veto.

Correct D. To provide a check on the state governments by exercising its power of executive authority.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4

What is the primary difference between a direct democracy and a representative democracy?

A. A direct democracy has a written constitution, while a representative democracy does not.

Correct B. A direct democracy has citizens who participate directly in decision-making, while a representative democracy has citizens who elect representatives to make decisions.

C. A direct democracy has a monarch who serves as head of state, while a representative democracy has a prime minister who serves as head of government.

D. A direct democracy has a system of checks and balances, while a representative democracy does not.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5

In a presidential system of government, what is the primary function of the executive branch in relation to the legislative branch?

Correct A. To provide a check on the legislative branch by exercising its power of veto.

B. To provide a check on the legislative branch by exercising its power of budget approval.

C. To provide a check on the legislative branch by exercising its power of judicial review.

D. To provide a check on the legislative branch by exercising its power of legislative veto.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

Analyze the concept of constitutionalism in Nigeria, focusing on the relationship between the Constitution and the rule of law.

Correct A. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and the rule of law is a fundamental principle of governance.

B. The Constitution is a document that outlines the powers and limitations of the government, but it is not directly related to the rule of law.

C. The rule of law is a concept that is separate from the Constitution, and it refers to the idea that the government and citizens are subject to the law.

D. The Constitution is a product of colonialism, and it is not relevant to the rule of law in Nigeria.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

Explain the concept of foreign policy in Nigeria, focusing on the role of the government in promoting national interests.

Correct A. Foreign policy is the process by which the government of Nigeria interacts with other countries to promote national interests.

B. Foreign policy is a set of principles and guidelines that guide the government's interactions with other countries.

C. Foreign policy is a tool used by the government to influence the behavior of other countries.

D. Foreign policy is a concept that is not relevant to Nigeria's international relations.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

Describe the pre-colonial administration in Nigeria, focusing on the role of traditional rulers and the system of governance.

Correct A. The pre-colonial administration in Nigeria was characterized by a system of governance that was based on traditional rulers and a decentralized system of power.

B. The pre-colonial administration in Nigeria was characterized by a system of governance that was based on a centralized authority and a hierarchical system of power.

C. The pre-colonial administration in Nigeria was characterized by a system of governance that was based on a mix of traditional and modern institutions.

D. The pre-colonial administration in Nigeria was characterized by a system of governance that was based on a system of slavery and oppression.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

Explain the concept of power and authority in the context of governance in Nigeria, focusing on the relationship between the government and citizens.

Correct A. Power refers to the ability of the government to make decisions and enforce laws, while authority refers to the legitimacy and acceptance of those decisions by citizens.

B. Power refers to the ability of citizens to hold the government accountable, while authority refers to the legitimacy and acceptance of the government's decisions.

C. Power and authority are interchangeable terms that refer to the ability of the government to make decisions and enforce laws.

D. Power and authority are not relevant to governance in Nigeria.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

Describe the concept of legitimacy in the context of governance in Nigeria, focusing on the relationship between the government and citizens.

Correct A. Legitimacy refers to the acceptance and approval of the government's decisions and actions by citizens.

B. Legitimacy refers to the ability of the government to make decisions and enforce laws without opposition.

C. Legitimacy refers to the legitimacy and acceptance of the government's decisions by international organizations.

D. Legitimacy is not relevant to governance in Nigeria.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The concept of 'soft power' in international relations was first introduced by which of the following scholars?

Correct A. Joseph Nye

B. Robert Keohane

C. Friedrich Kratochwil

D. Alexander Wendt

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

The concept of 'rule of law' is closely related to which of the following principles?

A. Separation of powers

B. Independence of the judiciary

C. Accountability of government officials

Correct D. Protection of individual rights

Correct Answer: D

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Question 13

The pre-colonial administration of the Igbo people was characterized by which of the following features?

A. Centralized authority

Correct B. Decentralized authority

C. Elective monarchy

D. Hereditary monarchy

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14

The concept of 'pluralism' in political science refers to which of the following?

A. The idea that there is only one correct form of government

Correct B. The idea that there are multiple forms of government, each with its own strengths and weaknesses

C. The idea that government should be based on the will of the majority

D. The idea that government should be based on the protection of individual rights

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15

The concept of 'electoral system' refers to which of the following?

Correct A. The process of electing representatives to a legislative body

B. The process of electing a head of state

C. The process of electing a head of government

D. The process of electing a president

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

The concept of constitutionalism is closely tied to the idea of the rule of law. Discuss how the rule of law is essential to the functioning of a constitutional democracy.

Correct A. The rule of law ensures that the government and citizens are subject to the law, promoting accountability and fairness.

B. The rule of law is not essential to the functioning of a constitutional democracy, as it can be replaced by other forms of governance.

C. The rule of law is only necessary in cases where the government is not functioning properly.

D. The rule of law is a relic of the past and has no place in modern constitutional democracies.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

The United Nations has been criticized for its inability to prevent conflicts in various parts of the world. Discuss the limitations of the UN in preventing conflicts.

A. The UN's limitations stem from its lack of military power and its reliance on member states to enforce its decisions.

B. The UN's limitations are due to its inability to address the root causes of conflicts, such as poverty and inequality.

Correct C. The UN's limitations are a result of its bureaucratic structure and the veto power held by its permanent members.

D. The UN's limitations are a result of its failure to adapt to changing global circumstances and its inability to address emerging threats.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

The concept of power is often associated with the ability to exert influence over others. Discuss the different forms of power and their implications for governance.

Correct A. Power can be exercised through coercion, persuasion, or manipulation, and its implications for governance depend on the context in which it is exercised.

B. Power is only exercised through coercion, and its implications for governance are always negative.

C. Power is only exercised through persuasion, and its implications for governance are always positive.

D. Power is only exercised through manipulation, and its implications for governance are always neutral.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

The concept of legitimacy is often associated with the idea of moral rightness. Discuss the different forms of legitimacy and their implications for governance.

Correct A. Legitimacy can be derived from popular support, institutional norms, or moral principles, and its implications for governance depend on the context in which it is derived.

B. Legitimacy is only derived from popular support, and its implications for governance are always positive.

C. Legitimacy is only derived from institutional norms, and its implications for governance are always negative.

D. Legitimacy is only derived from moral principles, and its implications for governance are always neutral.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

The concept of authority is often associated with the idea of legitimate power. Discuss the different forms of authority and their implications for governance.

Correct A. Authority can be derived from institutional roles, personal characteristics, or moral principles, and its implications for governance depend on the context in which it is derived.

B. Authority is only derived from institutional roles, and its implications for governance are always positive.

C. Authority is only derived from personal characteristics, and its implications for governance are always negative.

D. Authority is only derived from moral principles, and its implications for governance are always neutral.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

The concept of checks and balances is often associated with the idea of limiting power. Discuss the different forms of checks and balances and their implications for governance.

Correct A. Checks and balances can be exercised through legislative, executive, or judicial branches, and their implications for governance depend on the context in which they are exercised.

B. Checks and balances are only exercised through legislative branches, and their implications for governance are always positive.

C. Checks and balances are only exercised through executive branches, and their implications for governance are always negative.

D. Checks and balances are only exercised through judicial branches, and their implications for governance are always neutral.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

The concept of separation of powers is often associated with the idea of dividing power. Discuss the different forms of separation of powers and their implications for governance.

Correct A. Separation of powers can be exercised through legislative, executive, or judicial branches, and its implications for governance depend on the context in which it is exercised.

B. Separation of powers is only exercised through legislative branches, and its implications for governance are always positive.

C. Separation of powers is only exercised through executive branches, and its implications for governance are always negative.

D. Separation of powers is only exercised through judicial branches, and its implications for governance are always neutral.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

The concept of international relations is often associated with the idea of interactions between states. Discuss the different forms of international relations and their implications for governance.

A. International relations can be exercised through diplomacy, trade, or military power, and its implications for governance depend on the context in which it is exercised.

B. International relations is only exercised through diplomacy, and its implications for governance are always positive.

C. International relations is only exercised through trade, and its implications for governance are always negative.

D. International relations is only exercised through military power, and its implications for governance are always neutral.

Correct Answer: VIEW ANSWER

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Question 24

The concept of Separation of Powers in Nigeria's Constitution is primarily aimed at preventing the concentration of power in one branch of government. Which of the following is a consequence of this concept?

Correct A. Increased accountability among government officials

B. Reduced effectiveness in governance

C. Enhanced ability of the President to make laws

D. Decreased role of the judiciary in checking the executive

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The 1963 Republican Constitution of Nigeria was a significant milestone in the country's constitutional development. What was one of the key features of this constitution?

Correct A. Establishment of a federal system of government

B. Introduction of a parliamentary system of government

C. Creation of a unicameral legislature

D. Abolition of the office of the Prime Minister

Correct Answer: A

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