POST UTME ELIZADE UNIVERSITY 2024 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In the context of xylem transport, what is the primary function of the pit membrane?
Correct A. To regulate water flow between adjacent tracheids
B. To facilitate the passage of solutes and water through the xylem
C. To prevent the collapse of tracheids during water stress
D. To maintain the structural integrity of the xylem tissue

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A patient is diagnosed with a hormone imbalance caused by a tumor in the pituitary gland. Which of the following hormones is most likely to be affected?
A. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Correct D. Growth hormone (GH)

Correct Answer: D

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Question 3
A bio\logist is studying the classification of living organisms. Which of the following kingdoms is characterized by the presence of cell walls made of chitin?
A. Animalia
Correct B. Fungi
C. Plantae
D. Protista

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4
A patient is experiencing kidney failure and is undergoing dialysis. Which of the following waste products is most likely to be removed by the dialysis process?
Correct A. Urea
B. Creatinine
C. Sodium
D. Potassium

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5
A cell is in the process of mitosis. Which of the following stages is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
Correct C. Anaphase
D. Telophase

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'b' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype?
Correct A. 0.64
B. 0.36
C. 0.16
D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli. The researcher measures the growth rate of E. coli at different pH levels and plots the data on a graph. If the growth rate is highest at pH 7 and lowest at pH 5, what can be concluded about the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli?
A. pH has a positive effect on the growth of E. coli
Correct B. pH has a negative effect on the growth of E. coli
C. pH has no effect on the growth of E. coli
D. The effect of pH on the growth of E. coli is dep\endent on the initial pH

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8
A cell is placed in a solution with a concentration of 0.1 M glu\cose. If the cell is able to transport glu\cose across the cell membrane at a rate of 10^-6 M/s, how long will it take for the cell to reach a concentration of 0.01 M glu\cose?
Correct A. 100 s
B. 1000 s
C. 10000 s
D. 100000 s

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the growth of a microorganism. The researcher measures the growth rate of the microorganism at different temperatures and plots the data on a graph. If the growth rate is highest at 37°C and lowest at 25°C, what can be concluded about the effect of temperature on the growth of the microorganism?
Correct A. Temperature has a positive effect on the growth of the microorganism
B. Temperature has a negative effect on the growth of the microorganism
C. Temperature has no effect on the growth of the microorganism
D. The effect of temperature on the growth of the microorganism is dep\endent on the initial temperature

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
A cell is placed in a solution with a concentration of 0.1 M glu\cose. If the cell is able to transport glu\cose across the cell membrane at a rate of 10^-6 M/s, what is the concentration of glu\cose in the solution after 1000 s?
Correct A. 0.01 M
B. 0.05 M
C. 0.1 M
D. 0.15 M

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11
The diagram below shows a cross-section of the human eye. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
Correct C. Retina
D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 12
In a population of 1000 individuals, 60% are homozygous dominant (BB), 30% are heterozygous (Bb), and 10% are homozygous recessive (bb). What is the frequency of the recessive allele (b)?
Correct A. 0.1
B. 0.2
C. 0.3
D. 0.4

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13
A cell is placed in a solution with a pH of 5.5. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in this solution?
Correct A. 10^{-5.5}
B. 10^{-6}
C. 10^{-7}
D. 10^{-8}

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14
A population of 1000 individuals is growing at a rate of 10% per year. What is the population size after 5 years?
A. 1638
Correct B. 1862
C. 2000
D. 2200

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15
A gene has two alleles, A and a. The dominant allele A codes for the production of a protein that is essential for the development of the eye. The recessive allele a codes for the production of a protein that is not essential for eye development. What is the genotype of an individual who has normal eye development?
A. AA
B. Aa
C. aa
Correct D. Both AA and Aa

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16
In a population of 1000 individuals, 70% are female. If 20% of the females are sterile, what is the expected number of fertile females?
Correct A. 140
B. 280
C. 420
D. 560

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli. If the pH of the medium is 7.5, what is the expected growth rate of the bacteria?
A. 2.5 cm/h
B. 5.0 cm/h
Correct C. 7.5 cm/h
D. 10.0 cm/h

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18
A patient has a blood pressure of 160/90 mmHg. If the patient is taking a medication that lowers blood pressure by 10% per hour, what is the expected blood pressure after 2 hours?
A. 120/70 mmHg
Correct B. 140/80 mmHg
C. 160/90 mmHg
D. 180/100 mmHg

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19
A company is producing a new type of fertilizer that contains 20% nitrogen and 10% phosphorus. If the company produces 1000 kg of fertilizer per day, how many ki\lograms of nitrogen are produced per day?
Correct A. 200 kg
B. 400 kg
C. 600 kg
D. 800 kg

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20
A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the growth of a microorganism. If the temperature is increased by 10°C, what is the expected growth rate of the microorganism?
A. 2.5 times
B. 5.0 times
Correct C. 7.5 times
D. 10.0 times

Correct Answer: C

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Question 21
In the context of evolutionary bio\logy, what is the primary mechanism by which genetic drift influences the frequency of a particular allele in a population?
A. Mutation
B. Gene flow
Correct C. Genetic drift
D. Natural selection

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the activity of the enzyme lactase. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between pH and enzyme activity?
A. Enzyme activity increases as pH increases
Correct B. Enzyme activity decreases as pH decreases
C. Enzyme activity is unaffected by pH
D. Enzyme activity increases as pH decreases

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'A'?
Correct A. To focus light on the retina
B. To detect movement
C. To regulate pupil size
D. To produce tears

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24
A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the growth rate of a microorganism. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between temperature and growth rate?
Correct A. Growth rate increases as temperature increases
B. Growth rate decreases as temperature decreases
C. Growth rate is unaffected by temperature
D. Growth rate increases as temperature decreases

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
A diagram of the human kidney is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'B'?
Correct A. To filter waste from the blood
B. To regulate blood pressure
C. To produce urine
D. To store waste

Correct Answer: A

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