Practice post utme eksu biology 2025 Past Questions

Question 1

In a typical human cell, the mitochondria is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through the process of cellular respiration. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the electron transport chain?

A. The electron transport chain is the site of oxidative phosphorylation.

Correct B. The electron transport chain is the site of substrate-level phosphorylation.

C. The electron transport chain is the site of ATP synthase.

D. The electron transport chain is the site of NADH and FADH2 production.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 2

A bio\logist is studying the structure of a plant cell. Which of the following organelles is responsible for storing genetic information?

A. Mitochondria

B. Chloroplast

Correct C. Nucleus

D. Vacuole

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3

A researcher is studying the effects of climate change on e\cosystems. Which of the following biomes is most likely to be affected by ri\sing temperatures?

A. Tropical rainforest

B. Desert

C. Grassland

Correct D. Arctic tundra

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4

A student is studying the nervous system. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the synapse?

A. The synapse is the site of neurotransmitter release.

Correct B. The synapse is the site of neurotransmitter reception.

C. The synapse is the site of action potential generation.

D. The synapse is the site of muscle contraction.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5

A bio\logist is studying the cell cycle. Which of the following stages is characterized by DNA replication?

A. G1 phase

Correct B. S phase

C. G2 phase

D. M phase

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6

In the context of asexual reproduction, what is the primary advantage of budding in yeast?

A. Increased genetic diversity

B. Efficient use of resources

Correct C. Reduced energy exp\enditure

D. Improved survival rates

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7

A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'A'?

Correct A. Cornea

B. Iris

C. Retina

D. Lens

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

The process of mitosis in a cell results in the production of?

Correct A. 2 daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes

B. 1 daughter cell with the same number of chromosomes

C. 2 daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes

D. 1 daughter cell with half the number of chromosomes

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

The diagram below shows the structure of a plant cell. Identify the part labeled 'B'?

A. Nucleus

Correct B. Cell wall

C. Vacuole

D. Chloroplast

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10

The process of respiration in a cell results in the production of?

Correct A. ATP and carbon dioxide

B. ATP and oxygen

C. Carbon dioxide and water

D. Water and oxygen

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences. Which of the following is a necessary condition for the Hardy-Weinberg principle to hold?

A. Random mating

B. Large population size

C. No mutation

Correct D. No gene flow

Correct Answer: D

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Question 12

A diagram of the human nervous system is shown below. Which of the following is a function of the cerebellum?

A. Regulation of body temperature

Correct B. Control of voluntary movements

C. Regulation of heart rate

D. Maintenance of posture

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

The process of mitosis is shown below. Which of the following is a characteristic of the prophase stage?

A. Condensation of chromosomes

B. Separation of chromosomes

Correct C. Formation of spindle fibers

D. Replication of DNA

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14

The diagram below shows the structure of a plant cell. Which of the following is a function of the vacuole?

Correct A. Storage of water

B. Regulation of pH

C. Maintenance of cell shape

D. Production of ATP

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences. Which of the following is a necessary condition for the Hardy-Weinberg principle to hold?

A. Random mating

B. Large population size

C. No mutation

Correct D. No gene flow

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16

A population of Drosophila melanogaster is being studied for its genetic variation. The frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2, and the frequency of the dominant allele 'A' is 0.8. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.64

B. 0.36

C. 0.16

D. 0.04

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. Which part of the diagram is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

Correct A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

A species of bird has a beak length of 10 cm. If the beak length is directly proportional to the square root of the bird's body mass, and the bird's body mass is 100 g, what is the beak length of a bird with a body mass of 400 g?

Correct A. 20

B. 15

C. 12

D. 8

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

A diagram of the human nervous system is shown below. Which part of the diagram is responsible for transmitting signals from the brain to the muscles?

Correct A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

A species of plant has a photosynthetic rate of 10 mg CO2/h. If the plant is exposed to light for 8 hours, what is the total amount of CO2 fixed by the plant?

Correct A. 80

B. 60

C. 40

D. 20

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. What is the expected frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype 'aa'?

Correct A. 0.04

B. 0.16

C. 0.24

D. 0.36

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

A 5% solution of glu\cose in water is added to a 10% solution of glu\cose in water. What is the resulting concentration of glu\cose in the mixture?

A. 7.5%

Correct B. 8.75%

C. 9.5%

D. 10.5%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

A plant grows from a seed in a controlled environment. The initial height of the plant is 5 cm. After 5 days, the plant grows to 10 cm. What is the average rate of growth of the plant?

A. 1 cm/day

Correct B. 2 cm/day

C. 3 cm/day

D. 4 cm/day

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24

A diagram of the human eye is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'A'?

Correct A. To focus light on the retina

B. To detect movement

C. To regulate pupil size

D. To produce tears

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

A diagram of the human brain is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'B'?

A. To control movement

B. To regulate body temperature

Correct C. To process sensory information

D. To produce hormones

Correct Answer: C

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