Practice post utme eksu government 2022 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of 'Rule of Law' in the context of human rights implies that the law should be applied equally to all individuals, regardless of their social status, wealth, or position in society. Which of the following best describes the core principle of the Rule of Law?

A. The law should be applied only to those who can afford it.

Correct B. The law should be applied equally to all individuals, regardless of their social status, wealth, or position in society.

C. The law should be interpreted by the judiciary in a way that favors the wealthy and powerful.

D. The law should be applied only to those who have committed a crime.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 2

The United Nations (UN) has been instrumental in promoting human rights globally. Which of the following UN declarations is considered a cornerstone of human rights?

Correct A. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)

B. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966)

C. The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966)

D. The Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989)

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

The concept of 'Pre-colonial administration' refers to the systems of governance that existed in Africa before the arrival of European colonizers. Which of the following best describes a key feature of pre-colonial administration in West Africa?

A. The use of a centralized state with a strong monarch or emperor.

Correct B. The use of a decentralized system with a network of smaller kingdoms and chiefdoms.

C. The use of a feudal system with lords and vassals.

D. The use of a theocratic system with a powerful priestly class.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4

The concept of 'Constitutional development' in Nigeria refers to the process of creating and amending the country's constitution. Which of the following best describes a key feature of Nigeria's constitutional development?

A. The use of a written constitution that is easily amendable.

Correct B. The use of a written constitution that is difficult to amend.

C. The use of a hybrid system with both written and unwritten elements.

D. The use of a theocratic system with a powerful priestly class.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5

The concept of 'Public administration' refers to the implementation of government policies and programs. Which of the following best describes a key feature of public administration in Nigeria?

Correct A. The use of a bureaucratic system with a strong emphasis on hierarchy and rules.

B. The use of a decentralized system with a network of smaller administrative units.

C. The use of a hybrid system with both bureaucratic and decentralized elements.

D. The use of a theocratic system with a powerful priestly class.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and authority, and provide examples of how this relationship plays out in different political contexts.

A. Legitimacy is a product of authority, and authority is the source of legitimacy.

B. Legitimacy and authority are separate concepts that can exist independently of each other.

Correct C. Authority is a necessary condition for legitimacy, but it is not a sufficient condition.

D. Legitimacy is a product of popular consent, while authority is a product of coercion.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7

The Nigerian government has been criticized for its handling of the Boko Haram insurgency. Analyze the role of the military in addressing this crisis, and discuss the implications of their actions for the country's human rights record.

Correct A. The military has been effective in containing the insurgency, but their actions have led to human rights abuses.

B. The military has failed to contain the insurgency, and their actions have exacerbated the humanitarian crisis.

C. The military has been ineffective in addressing the insurgency, but their actions have not led to significant human rights abuses.

D. The military has been successful in addressing the insurgency, and their actions have improved the country's human rights record.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

The concept of power in political systems is often associated with the ability to influence outcomes. Discuss the different forms of power, including coercive, legitimate, and expert power, and provide examples of how each type of power is exercised in different contexts.

A. Coercive power is the most effective form of power, as it is based on the threat of violence.

Correct B. Legitimate power is the most effective form of power, as it is based on the consent of those being influenced.

C. Expert power is the most effective form of power, as it is based on the possession of specialized knowledge.

D. All forms of power are equally effective, and the choice of which one to use depends on the context.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

The Nigerian government has been criticized for its handling of the economy. Analyze the impact of the government's economic policies on the country's poverty rate, and discuss the implications of these policies for the country's long-term economic development.

Correct A. The government's economic policies have led to a significant reduction in poverty, but have also exacerbated income inequality.

B. The government's economic policies have failed to reduce poverty, and have instead led to a decline in economic growth.

C. The government's economic policies have had a neutral impact on poverty, and have not significantly affected income inequality.

D. The government's economic policies have led to a significant increase in poverty, and have also exacerbated income inequality.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

The concept of authority in political systems is often associated with the ability to make decisions. Discuss the different forms of authority, including traditional, charismatic, and rational-legal authority, and provide examples of how each type of authority is exercised in different contexts.

A. Traditional authority is the most effective form of authority, as it is based on custom and tradition.

B. Charismatic authority is the most effective form of authority, as it is based on the personal qualities of the leader.

Correct C. Rational-legal authority is the most effective form of authority, as it is based on the rule of law and the consent of those being governed.

D. All forms of authority are equally effective, and the choice of which one to use depends on the context.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11

The concept of legitimacy in government is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and authority, using examples from pre-colonial and colonial administration in Nigeria.

A. Legitimacy is a means of achieving authority, while authority is a means of achieving legitimacy.

B. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable terms, often used to describe the same concept.

Correct C. Legitimacy is a product of authority, while authority is a product of legitimacy.

D. Legitimacy and authority are unrelated concepts, with no connection between them.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 12

The system of government in Nigeria during the colonial period was characterized by a high degree of centralization. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system, using examples from the colonial administration.

Correct A. The system of government in Nigeria during the colonial period was highly centralized, with the British government holding significant power and control over the country.

B. The system of government in Nigeria during the colonial period was highly decentralized, with power and control held by local leaders and communities.

C. The system of government in Nigeria during the colonial period was a mix of centralized and decentralized systems, with power and control held by both the British government and local leaders.

D. The system of government in Nigeria during the colonial period was highly federalized, with power and control held by regional governments.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13

The concept of power in government is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between power and authority, using examples from pre-colonial and colonial administration in Nigeria.

A. Power is a means of achieving authority, while authority is a means of achieving power.

B. Power and authority are interchangeable terms, often used to describe the same concept.

Correct C. Power is a product of authority, while authority is a product of power.

D. Power and authority are unrelated concepts, with no connection between them.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14

The system of government in Nigeria during the colonial period was characterized by a high degree of separation of powers. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system, using examples from the colonial administration.

A. The system of government in Nigeria during the colonial period was highly centralized, with the British government holding significant power and control over the country.

B. The system of government in Nigeria during the colonial period was highly decentralized, with power and control held by local leaders and communities.

Correct C. The system of government in Nigeria during the colonial period was a mix of centralized and decentralized systems, with power and control held by both the British government and local leaders.

D. The system of government in Nigeria during the colonial period was highly federalized, with power and control held by regional governments.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15

The concept of foreign policy in government is closely related to the idea of international relations. Discuss the relationship between foreign policy and international relations, using examples from Nigeria's foreign policy during the colonial period.

A. Foreign policy is a means of achieving international relations, while international relations are a means of achieving foreign policy.

B. Foreign policy and international relations are interchangeable terms, often used to describe the same concept.

Correct C. Foreign policy is a product of international relations, while international relations are a product of foreign policy.

D. Foreign policy and international relations are unrelated concepts, with no connection between them.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16

The African Union's (AU) Constitutive Act emphasizes the importance of democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. Which of the following is a key principle enshrined in the AU's Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance?

Correct A. Free and fair elections

B. Separation of powers

C. Independence of the judiciary

D. Accountability and transparency

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

The concept of constitutionalism is closely tied to the idea of the rule of law. Which of the following best describes the relationship between constitutionalism and the rule of law?

A. Constitutionalism is a means to achieve the rule of law

Correct B. The rule of law is a prerequisite for constitutionalism

C. Constitutionalism and the rule of law are mutually exclusive

D. Constitutionalism is a form of the rule of law

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18

The Electoral Act of 2022 provides for the regulation of elections in Nigeria. Which of the following is a key provision of the Act?

A. The Act provides for the use of electronic voting machines

B. The Act requires the use of manual counting of votes

Correct C. The Act provides for the establishment of an Independent National Electoral Commission

D. The Act requires the use of biometric data for voter registration

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19

The pre-colonial administration of Nigeria was characterized by a complex system of kingdoms and empires. Which of the following was a key feature of the pre-colonial administration?

A. The use of a centralized system of government

B. The existence of a complex system of trade networks

C. The presence of a strong and centralized military

Correct D. The use of a decentralized system of government

Correct Answer: D

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Question 20

The colonial administration of Nigeria was characterized by the imposition of a foreign system of government. Which of the following was a key feature of the colonial administration?

A. The use of a decentralized system of government

B. The existence of a strong and centralized military

C. The imposition of a foreign system of education

Correct D. The use of a centralized system of government

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21

The concept of federal character in Nigeria's federal system is aimed at promoting which of the following?

Correct A. Unity and equality among all ethnic groups

B. Promoting the interests of the dominant ethnic group

C. Encouraging regional autonomy

D. Reducing the influence of the federal government

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

In the context of Nigeria's electoral system, what is the primary function of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)?

A. To conduct elections and declare winners

B. To regulate political parties and their activities

Correct C. To ensure the integrity of the electoral process

D. To provide electoral education and awareness

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23

The concept of 'checks and balances' in Nigeria's system of government is aimed at preventing the concentration of power in the hands of which institution?

Correct A. The Executive

B. The Legislature

C. The Judiciary

D. The Civil Service

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended) recognizes the principle of which of the following in the context of local government administration?

Correct A. Decentralization

B. Centralization

C. Deconcentration

D. Devolution

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The concept of 'separation of powers' in Nigeria's system of government is aimed at preventing the concentration of power in the hands of which institution?

Correct A. The Executive

B. The Legislature

C. The Judiciary

D. The Civil Service

Correct Answer: A

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