POST UTME CRAWFORD UNIVERSITY 2020 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
The process of photosynthesis in plants involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy in the form of glu\cose. Which of the following is a byproduct of the light-dep\endent reactions in photosynthesis?
A. ATP
B. NADPH
Correct C. Oxygen
D. Water

Correct Answer: C

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Question 2
The cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing certain subs\tances to pass through while restricting others. What is the primary function of the cell membrane in relation to the transport of subs\tances?
Correct A. To regulate the movement of ions and molecules
B. To provide structural support to the cell
C. To synthesize proteins
D. To store genetic information

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
The process of mitosis results in the production of two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. What is the primary purpose of the G2 phase in the cell cycle?
A. To repair DNA damage
B. To synthesize organelles
Correct C. To prepare for cell division
D. To store genetic information

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4
The xylem is a type of vascular tissue found in plants that is responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. What is the primary function of the xylem in relation to the transport of subs\tances?
Correct A. To transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
B. To synthesize proteins
C. To store genetic information
D. To provide structural support to the plant

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5
The process of digestion in the human body involves the breakdown of large molecules of food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. What is the primary function of the enzyme amylase in the process of digestion?
A. To break down proteins into amino acids
Correct B. To break down carbohydrates into simple sugars
C. To break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
D. To synthesize proteins

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6
The nervous system's coordination of muscle contraction and relaxation is primarily mediated by the release of neurotransmitters from the motor neurons. Which of the following neurotransmitters is primarily responsible for the contraction of skeletal muscles?
Correct A. Acetylcholine
B. GABA
C. Glutamate
D. Dopamine

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
The microorganism responsible for the disease 'Leprosy' is a type of bacteria that primarily affects the peripheral nerves and skin. What is the name of this microorganism?
A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Correct B. Mycobacterium leprae
C. Staphylococcus aureus
D. Escherichia coli

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8
The sense organ responsible for detecting changes in light intensity is the retina. What is the name of the type of cell in the retina that is responsible for detecting light?
Correct A. Rods
B. Cones
C. Bipolar cells
D. Ganglion cells

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
The process of growth and development in an organism is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones. Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for promoting cell growth and division?
Correct A. Growth hormone
B. Insulin-like growth factor-1
C. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
The transport of subs\tances throughout the body is primarily facilitated by the circulatory system. Which of the following types of blood vessels is responsible for transporting oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body?
Correct A. Arteries
B. Veins
C. Capillaries
D. Arterioles

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype?
Correct A. 0.36
B. 0.64
C. 0.16
D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
A plant with a mutation in the RBCS1 gene has a reduced ability to perform photosynthesis. Which of the following is a likely consequence of this mutation?
A. Increased stomatal density
Correct B. Reduced chlorophyll content
C. Increased CO2 fixation
D. Decreased water loss

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13
A diagram of the xylem and phloem tissues in a plant stem is shown below. Which of the following is a function of the xylem tissue?
A. Transport of sugars and amino acids
Correct B. Transport of water and minerals
C. Storage of starch and proteins
D. Regulation of stomatal opening

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14
A diagram of the human nervous system is shown below. Which of the following is a function of the cerebellum?
Correct A. Control of voluntary movements
B. Regulation of heart rate and blood pressure
C. Proces\sing of sensory information
D. Storage of memories and learning

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
A diagram of the human digestive system is shown below. Which of the following is a function of the pancreas?
A. Production of bile
Correct B. Production of digestive enzymes
C. Storage of glycogen
D. Absorption of nutrients

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the Hardy-Weinberg principle is applied, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
A. 0.36
Correct B. 0.64
C. 0.16
D. 0.44

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17
A plant with the genotype 'Tt' is crossed with a plant with the genotype 'tt'. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype 'TT'?
Correct A. 0.25
B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 0.33

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18
A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population is 100 and the growth rate is 20% per hour, what is the population after 3 hours?
A. 324
B. 486
Correct C. 648
D. 810

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19
A 2.5-liter solution contains 1.8 liters of ethanol. What is the concentration of ethanol in the solution?
Correct A. 0.72
B. 0.8
C. 0.9
D. 1

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20
A 50-gram sample of a compound contains 25 grams of carbon. What is the empirical formula of the compound?
Correct A. C_2H_6
B. C_3H_8
C. C_4H_10
D. C_5H_12

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
In a typical xylem vessel, what is the primary function of the lignin?
Correct A. To provide structural support to the vessel
B. To facilitate the transport of water and minerals
C. To regulate the rate of transpiration
D. To prevent the collapse of the vessel

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
What is the primary difference between the digestive systems of monogastric and polygastric animals?
Correct A. The presence of a large cecum in polygastric animals
B. The presence of a small cecum in monogastric animals
C. The presence of a large liver in polygastric animals
D. The presence of a small liver in monogastric animals

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23
A diagram of a typical plant cell is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'A'.
A. Mitochondria
B. Chloroplast
Correct C. Nucleus
D. Vacuole

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24
What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
A. To synthesize proteins
B. To synthesize lipids
Correct C. To modify and package proteins and lipids
D. To degrade proteins and lipids

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25
A diagram of a typical human digestive system is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'B'.
A. Esophagus
Correct B. Stomach
C. Small intestine
D. Large intestine

Correct Answer: B

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