POST UTME COVENANT UNIVERSITY 2022 Government | Objective

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Question 1
The concept of 'checks and balances' in the US Constitution is designed to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful. Which of the following is an example of a check on the power of the executive branch?
A. The power of the Senate to approve presidential appointments
B. The power of Congress to declare war
C. The power of the judiciary to declare laws unconstitutional
D. The power of the president to veto laws
Question 2
The concept of 'rule of law' is a fundamental principle of modern governance. Which of the following best describes the key features of the rule of law?
A. The principle that all individuals are equal before the law
B. The principle that the government and its officials are accountable to the law
C. The principle that the law is applied equally to all individuals
D. The principle that the law is supreme and above all individuals
Question 3
The concept of separation of powers in the Nigerian Constitution is aimed at preventing the concentration of power in any one branch of government. Which of the following is a correct example of separation of powers?
A. The National Assembly can impeach the President.
B. The President can dissolve the National Assembly.
C. The Judiciary can declare a law passed by the National Assembly unconstitutional.
D. The President can appoint the Chief Justice of Nigeria.
Question 4
The 1963 Republican Constitution of Nigeria established a parliamentary system of government. Which of the following best describes the key features of this system?
A. Separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches
B. A president served as head of state and government
C. A prime minister was responsible for appointing ministers
D. The constitution established a federal system of government
Question 5
The concept of 'dual federalism' in the United States refers to the division of power between the federal government and the states. Which of the following is a key characteristic of dual federalism?
A. The federal government has absolute authority over all matters
B. The states have absolute authority over all matters
C. The federal government and states share powers in specific areas
D. The federal government has the power to override state laws
Question 6
The concept of power in international relations is often associated with the ability of states to exert influence over others. Discuss how the concept of soft power, as described by Joseph Nye, differs from traditional notions of power.
A. Soft power refers to the ability of states to exert influence through cultural and ideological means.
B. Soft power refers to the ability of states to exert influence through economic and military means.
C. Soft power refers to the ability of states to exert influence through diplomatic and strategic means.
D. Soft power refers to the ability of states to exert influence through coercion and force.
Question 7
The concept of 'checks and balances' in the Nigerian Constitution is primarily aimed at preventing the concentration of power in the hands of one individual or institution. Which of the following is NOT a mechanism for achieving this goal?
A. Separation of powers
B. Independent judiciary
C. Federal character principle
D. Executive dominance
Question 8
The concept of legitimacy in government refers to the moral rightness of a political system or institution to exercise power and authority. Which of the following is a key factor that contributes to the legitimacy of a government?
A. Popular support and consent
B. Economic stability and growth
C. Military strength and security
D. Cultural and historical significance
Question 9
The concept of authority in government refers to the legitimate right to exercise power and control over individuals and groups. Which of the following is a key factor that contributes to the authority of a government?
A. Popular support and consent
B. Economic stability and growth
C. Military strength and security
D. Cultural and historical significance
Question 10
The concept of power in government refers to the ability of a political system or institution to influence and control the behavior of individuals and groups. Which of the following is a type of power that is often associated with authoritarian regimes?
A. Legitimate power
B. Coercive power
C. Expert power
D. Referent power
Question 11
The concept of 'separation of powers' in the Nigerian Constitution is designed to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of one individual or institution. Which of the following is NOT a branch of government?
A. Legislative
B. Executive
C. Judicial
D. Electoral
Question 12
The Nigerian government has implemented various policies to promote local government autonomy. Discuss the impact of these policies on the country's political system.
A. The policies have increased the power of local governments, leading to more effective service delivery.
B. The policies have reduced the power of local governments, leading to more centralized decision-making.
C. The policies have had no significant impact on the country's political system.
D. The policies have led to corruption and inefficiency in local governments.
Question 13
The concept of federal character in the Nigerian Constitution is aimed at promoting which of the following?
A. Equitable distribution of resources.
B. Promotion of national unity.
C. Encouragement of regional development.
D. Reduction of ethnic tensions.
Question 14
The concept of legitimacy in government is closely related to the idea of authority. Explain how the two concepts differ, using examples from the Nigerian political system.
A. Legitimacy refers to the acceptance of authority by the governed, while authority refers to the power to make decisions.
B. Authority refers to the power to make decisions, while legitimacy refers to the moral right to rule.
C. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable terms in the Nigerian political system.
D. Legitimacy refers to the ability of the government to enforce its decisions, while authority refers to the power to make decisions.
Question 15
The concept of authority in international relations is closely tied to the idea of legitimacy. Discuss how the United Nations Security Council exercises its authority in maintaining international peace and security.
A. The UN Security Council exercises its authority through the use of force and coercion.
B. The UN Security Council exercises its authority through the use of diplomacy and persuasion.
C. The UN Security Council exercises its authority through the use of economic sanctions and embargoes.
D. The UN Security Council exercises its authority through the use of mediation and arbitration.

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