POST UTME COVENANT UNIVERSITY 2020 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of mitosis is initiated by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, which is triggered by the activation of the protein kinase Cdk1. Which of the following statements is true about the role of Cdk1 in mitosis?
A. Cdk1 is responsible for the phosphorylation of histone H3, leading to chromatin condensation.
Correct B. Cdk1 activates the anaphase-promoting complex (APC), which degrades the securin protein.
C. Cdk1 triggers the breakdown of the nuclear envelope by phosphorylating the lamin B receptor.
D. Cdk1 inhibits the activity of the cyclin-dep\endent kinase inhibitor, p21.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 2
A plant with the genotype AaBbCc is crossed with a plant with the genotype aaBBcc. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype AaBbCc?
Correct A. 1/4
B. 1/2
C. 3/4
D. 1

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
A diagram of a plant's xylem and phloem tissues is shown below. Which of the following statements is true about the function of the xylem in this plant?
Correct A. The xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.
B. The xylem transports sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to the roots.
C. The xylem transports gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the roots and the leaves.
D. The xylem transports waste products, such as urea and other nitrogenous compounds, from the leaves to the roots.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
A diagram of a human kidney is shown below. Which of the following statements is true about the function of the nephrons in this kidney?
Correct A. The nephrons filter waste products, such as urea and other nitrogenous compounds, from the blood.
B. The nephrons regulate the concentration of electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, in the blood.
C. The nephrons produce hormones, such as erythropoietin and renin, that help regulate blood pressure.
D. The nephrons produce urine, which is excreted from the body through the ureters.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5
A diagram of a human digestive system is shown below. Which of the following statements is true about the function of the pancreas in this system?
Correct A. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes, such as amylase and lipase, that break down carbohydrates and fats.
B. The pancreas produces hormones, such as insulin and glucagon, that help regulate blood sugar levels.
C. The pancreas produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine to aid in fat digestion.
D. The pancreas produces mucus, which helps protect the digestive tract from acid and enzymes.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6
In a closed e\cosystem, the rate of photosynthesis is directly proportional to the rate of respiration. If the rate of photosynthesis is 100 units and the rate of respiration is 80 units, what is the net rate of gas exchange?
A. 20 units
B. 40 units
Correct C. 60 units
D. 80 units

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7
A 2.5 L flask contains 0.5 M glu\cose solution. If 10 mL of 1 M HCl is added to the solution, what is the new concentration of glu\cose?
A. 0.49 M
Correct B. 0.51 M
C. 0.49 M
D. 0.51 M

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8
A patient has a bacterial infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Which of the following antibiotics is most effective against this bacterium?
A. Penicillin
B. Erythromycin
C. Ciprofloxacin
Correct D. Vancomycin

Correct Answer: D

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Question 9
A 50-year-old man has a history of hypertension and is taking a \beta-blocker medication. Which of the following is a potential side effect of this medication?
Correct A. Bradycardia
B. Hypertension
C. Diabetes
D. Asthma

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
A 30-year-old woman has a history of depression and is taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medication. Which of the following is a potential side effect of this medication?
Correct A. Weight gain
B. Diarrhea
C. Dizziness
D. Nausea

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11
In the context of evolutionary bio\logy, what is the primary mechanism by which genetic variation is introduced into a population?
Correct A. Mutation
B. Gene flow
C. Genetic drift
D. Natural selection

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'A'?
Correct A. To focus light on the retina
B. To detect movement
C. To regulate pupil size
D. To produce tears

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13
A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population size is 100 and the growth rate is 20% per hour, what will be the population size after 3 hours?
A. 1600
B. 2000
Correct C. 2400
D. 3000

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14
A genetic cross is performed between two true-breeding lines of pea plants. One line has purple flowers and the other line has white flowers. What is the probability that the offspring will have purple flowers?
A. 0
B. 0.5
Correct C. 1
D. 0.25

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15
A diagram of the human brain is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'B'?
A. To regulate body temperature
B. To control movement
Correct C. To process sensory information
D. To produce hormones

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16
In the xylem, what is the primary function of the tracheids?
Correct A. Transport of water and minerals from roots to leaves
B. Production of sugars through photosynthesis
C. Storage of food and water in plants
D. Regulation of plant growth and development

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
A population of rabbits is growing at a rate of 20% per year. If the current population is 1000, what will be the population after 5 years?
Correct A. $1000(1.2)^5$
B. $1000(1.2)^3$
C. $1000(1.2)^2$
D. $1000(1.2)^1$

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18
In a genetic cross between two true-breeding parents, one parent has the genotype 'BB' and the other parent has the genotype 'bb'. What is the probability that their offspring will have the genotype 'Bb'?
Correct A. 1/2
B. 1/4
C. 3/4
D. 2/3

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19
A diagram of the human nervous system is shown below. Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling voluntary movements?
Correct A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Brainstem
D. Spinal Cord

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20
A diagram of the human reproductive system is shown below. Which part of the female reproductive system is responsible for producing eggs?
Correct A. Ovary
B. Fallopian Tube
C. Uterus
D. Vagina

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
In a population of 1000 bacteria, 80% are resis\tant to a particular antibiotic. If 200 bacteria are randomly selected for treatment, what is the probability that at least 150 will be resis\tant to the antibiotic?
A. 0.25
B. 0.30
Correct C. 0.35
D. 0.40

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22
A 2.5 kg block is attached to a horizontal, massless spring with a force cons\tant of 100 N/m. The block is displaced by 0.15 m from its equilibrium position and released from rest. Assuming the block undergoes simple harmonic motion, what is its angular frequency?
A. 2.0 rad/s
Correct B. 2.5 rad/s
C. 3.0 rad/s
D. 3.5 rad/s

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23
A plant cell has a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and a small nucleus. Which of the following organelles is NOT found in plant cells?
Correct A. lysosome
B. vacuole
C. nucleus
D. mitochondrion

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24
A 0.5 L solution contains 0.2 M glu\cose. If 1.0 L of this solution is diluted to a total volume of 2.0 L, what is the new concentration of glu\cose?
A. 0.1 M
Correct B. 0.15 M
C. 0.2 M
D. 0.25 M

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25
A 50-year-old woman has a 5-year history of hypertension. Her blood pressure is 160/100 mmHg. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her hypertension?
A. renal artery stenosis
B. pheochromocytoma
C. primary aldosteronism
Correct D. essential hypertension

Correct Answer: D

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