POST UTME CHRISTOPHER UNIVERSITY 2022 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a tropical rainforest, the primary consumers are primarily composed of which of the following?
Correct A. Herbivorous insects
B. Fruit-eating birds
C. Fungi and detritivores
D. Large carnivorous mammals

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
The process of osmoregulation in the human body involves the regulation of which of the following?
A. Water balance
B. Electrolyte balance
C. pH balance
Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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Question 3
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'b' is 0.2. What is the expected frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype 'bb'?
Correct A. 0.04
B. 0.08
C. 0.12
D. 0.16

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
The diagram below shows the structure of a plant cell. Identify the organelle responsible for protein synthesis.
A. Nucleus
Correct B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Endoplasmic reticulum

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that the frequency of alleles in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation if the following conditions are met. Which of the following is NOT one of the conditions?
A. Random mating
B. No mutation
C. No gene flow
Correct D. No natural selection

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
A. 0.36
Correct B. 0.64
C. 0.16
D. 0.04

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7
A 2.5 L flask contains 1.8 mol of an ideal gas at 27°C. If 1.2 mol of the gas is removed, what is the new pressure of the gas?
Correct A. 1.33 \times 10^5 Pa
B. 1.67 \times 10^5 Pa
C. 2.00 \times 10^5 Pa
D. 2.50 \times 10^5 Pa

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8
A plant has a photosynthetic rate of 10 μmol CO2 s-1. If the light intensity is increased by a factor of 4, what is the new photosynthetic rate?
A. 10 μmol CO2 s-1
B. 20 μmol CO2 s-1
Correct C. 40 μmol CO2 s-1
D. 80 μmol CO2 s-1

Correct Answer: C

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Question 9
A 50 L \tank contains 30 L of water at 20°C. If 10 L of water at 80°C is added, what is the new temperature of the mixture?
A. 30°C
Correct B. 38.5°C
C. 45°C
D. 50°C

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10
A 5 μg sample of a protein is separated by SDS-PAGE and the resulting gel is stained with Coomassie Blue. If the protein has a molecular weight of 50 kDa, what is the expected migration dis\tance of the protein in the gel?
A. 0.2 cm
B. 0.3 cm
Correct C. 0.5 cm
D. 0.7 cm

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11
In a population of 1000 bacteria, 80% are sensitive to antibiotic A, 10% are resis\tant to antibiotic B, and 5% are resis\tant to both. If 200 bacteria are treated with antibiotic A, what is the expected number of bacteria that will be resis\tant to both antibiotics after treatment?
A. 80
Correct B. 120
C. 160
D. 200

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of a microorganism. The researcher measures the growth rate of the microorganism at different pH levels and plots the data on a graph. If the growth rate is highest at pH 7 and lowest at pH 5, what can be concluded about the effect of pH on the growth of the microorganism?
A. pH has a positive effect on the growth of the microorganism
Correct B. pH has a negative effect on the growth of the microorganism
C. pH has no effect on the growth of the microorganism
D. The data is inconclusive

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13
A diagram shows a cross-section of a plant root with a xylem and phloem tissue. If the xylem tissue is damaged, what is the likely effect on the plant?
A. The plant will grow faster
Correct B. The plant will grow slower
C. The plant will not be affected
D. The plant will die

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14
A diagram shows a simple e\cosystem with a producer, consumer, and decomposer. If the producer is removed from the e\cosystem, what is the likely effect on the consumer?
A. The consumer will grow faster
Correct B. The consumer will grow slower
C. The consumer will not be affected
D. The consumer will die

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15
A diagram shows a simple optical system with a convex lens and a light source. If the light source is moved closer to the lens, what is the likely effect on the image formed by the lens?
Correct A. The image will become larger
B. The image will become smaller
C. The image will not be affected
D. The image will become inverted

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16
A population of Drosophila melanogaster is being studied for its genetic variation. The frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2, and the frequency of the dominant allele 'A' is 0.8. What is the expected frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype 'aa' in the next generation?
Correct A. 0.16
B. 0.32
C. 0.48
D. 0.64

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli. The graph below shows the growth of E. coli at different pH levels.
A. The growth of E. coli is highest at pH 7.
Correct B. The growth of E. coli is highest at pH 9.
C. The growth of E. coli is highest at pH 11.
D. The growth of E. coli is highest at pH 13.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18
A patient has been diagnosed with a bacterial infection. The doctor prescribes a course of antibiotics. What is the expected effect of the antibiotics on the bacterial population?
Correct A. The bacterial population will decrease exponentially.
B. The bacterial population will increase exponentially.
C. The bacterial population will remain cons\tant.
D. The bacterial population will oscillate.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19
A plant has a photosynthetic rate of 100 μmol CO2 s-1. What is the expected rate of photosynthesis if the light intensity is increased by a factor of 4?
A. 100 μmol CO2 s-1
B. 200 μmol CO2 s-1
Correct C. 400 μmol CO2 s-1
D. 800 μmol CO2 s-1

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20
A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the growth of a microorganism. The graph below shows the growth of the microorganism at different temperatures.
A. The growth of the microorganism is highest at 25°C.
Correct B. The growth of the microorganism is highest at 30°C.
C. The growth of the microorganism is highest at 35°C.
D. The growth of the microorganism is highest at 40°C.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21
In a population of 1000 individuals, 70% have the dominant allele for brown eye color (B) and 30% have the recessive allele (b). If two individuals with brown eye color are randomly selected for a study, what is the probability that they are both homozygous dominant (BB)?
Correct A. 0.49
B. 0.51
C. 0.7
D. 0.3

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
A 2-year-old child is brought to the pediatrician with a history of recurrent ear infections. The child's mother has a family history of hearing loss and has undergone a genetic test that revealed a mutation in the GJB2 gene. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Correct B. GJB2-related hearing loss
C. Otosclerosis
D. Ménière's disease

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23
A patient presents with symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The patient's medical history reveals a family history of IBS and a history of anxiety. What is the most likely underlying mechanism of IBS?
A. Abnormal gut motility
Correct B. Altered gut microbiota
C. Increased gut permeability
D. Hypersensitivity to food

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24
A 30-year-old woman presents with symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The patient's medical history reveals a family history of PCOS and a history of insulin resis\tance. What is the most likely underlying mechanism of PCOS?
A. Hyperandrogenism
Correct B. Insulin resis\tance
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Hypogonadism

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25
A patient presents with symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). The patient's medical history reveals a family history of MS and a history of optic neuritis. What is the most likely underlying mechanism of MS?
Correct A. Autoimmune response
B. Viral infection
C. Genetic predisposition
D. Environmental factor

Correct Answer: A

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