Practice post utme caleb university government 2020 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely tied to the idea of authority. Explain how the two concepts differ and provide an example of a political system where legitimacy is challenged.

Correct A. Legitimacy refers to the moral right to govern, while authority refers to the power to govern.

B. Legitimacy is concerned with the process of decision-making, while authority is concerned with the implementation of decisions.

C. Legitimacy is a product of the people, while authority is a product of the government.

D. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for authority, but not a sufficient condition.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A political party's ability to win elections is influenced by its ability to mobilize resources. Discuss the role of money in politics and how it affects the outcome of elections.

Correct A. Money is a necessary condition for a political party to win elections, but not a sufficient condition.

B. Money is a sufficient condition for a political party to win elections, but not a necessary condition.

C. Money is a necessary and sufficient condition for a political party to win elections.

D. Money has no influence on the outcome of elections.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

The United Nations has been criticized for its inability to prevent humanitarian crises. Discuss the role of the UN in preventing humanitarian crises and provide examples of successful interventions.

A. The UN has a clear mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, but lacks the resources to do so.

Correct B. The UN has a clear mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, but is hindered by the veto power of its member states.

C. The UN has no mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, but has a moral obligation to do so.

D. The UN has a mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, but is ineffective due to bureaucratic red tape.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4

The concept of power in politics is often associated with the ability to influence decision-making. Discuss the different types of power and provide examples of how they are exercised in politics.

Correct A. Power can be exercised through coercion, persuasion, or manipulation.

B. Power can only be exercised through coercion.

C. Power can only be exercised through persuasion.

D. Power can only be exercised through manipulation.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

The African Union has been criticized for its slow response to humanitarian crises. Discuss the role of the AU in preventing humanitarian crises and provide examples of successful interventions.

Correct A. The AU has a clear mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, but lacks the resources to do so.

B. The AU has a clear mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, but is hindered by the veto power of its member states.

C. The AU has no mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, but has a moral obligation to do so.

D. The AU has a mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, but is ineffective due to bureaucratic red tape.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

The concept of 'soft power' in international relations, as coined by Joseph Nye, refers to a country's ability to influence other nations through its cultural and ideological appeal. Which of the following is a key characteristic of soft power?

A. Economic coercion

Correct B. Cultural exchange programs

C. Military intervention

D. Diplomatic pressure

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

In the context of public administration, what is the primary function of a bureaucratic organization?

A. To provide public goods and services

Correct B. To regulate and enforce laws

C. To collect taxes and revenue

D. To provide social welfare programs

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

The concept of 'global governance' refers to the system of rules and institutions that regulate international relations. Which of the following is an example of a global governance institution?

Correct A. The United Nations

B. The European Union

C. The International Monetary Fund

D. The World Trade Organization

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

In the context of local government, what is the primary function of a local council?

Correct A. To provide public goods and services

B. To regulate and enforce laws

C. To collect taxes and revenue

D. To provide social welfare programs

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

The concept of 'pressure groups' in politics refers to organized groups that seek to influence public policy. Which of the following is an example of a pressure group?

A. A political party

B. A trade union

Correct C. A non-governmental organization

D. A community association

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11

The concept of 'checks and balances' in a democratic system is exemplified by the separation of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Which of the following best describes the primary function of the legislative branch in this context?

Correct A. To make laws and approve the budget

B. To enforce laws and appoint judges

C. To interpret laws and try cases

D. To serve as the head of state and commander-in-chief

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional economic community that aims to promote economic integration and cooperation among its member states. Which of the following is a key benefit of ECOWAS membership for its member states?

Correct A. Increased access to foreign markets and investment

B. Improved infrastructure and transportation networks

C. Enhanced regional security and stability

D. Increased competition and trade barriers

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13

The concept of 'sovereignty' in international relations refers to the supreme authority and power of a state over its territory and citizens. Which of the following is a key principle of sovereignty?

A. The right to make war and impose its will on other states

Correct B. The right to govern its internal affairs without external interference

C. The right to claim territory and resources from other states

D. The right to impose its language and culture on other states

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14

The concept of 'human rights' in international law refers to the fundamental rights and freedoms that are inherent to all human beings. Which of the following is a key principle of human rights?

Correct A. The right to life, liberty, and security of person

B. The right to freedom of speech and assembly

C. The right to equality and non-discrimination

D. The right to a fair trial and due process

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The concept of 'public administration' in government refers to the implementation of policies and programs by government agencies and officials. Which of the following is a key characteristic of public administration?

A. It is a private sector activity

B. It is a non-profit activity

Correct C. It is a bureaucratic activity

D. It is a democratic activity

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16

The concept of checks and balances in the Nigerian Constitution is primarily designed to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of any one person or institution. Which of the following is a correct example of checks and balances in the Nigerian Constitution?

A. The President appoints the Chief Justice of Nigeria

Correct B. The National Assembly has the power to impeach the President

C. The President has the power to dissolve the National Assembly

D. The President has the power to appoint the heads of all federal agencies

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

The concept of federal character in the Nigerian Constitution is designed to promote national unity and prevent the dominance of any one ethnic group or region. Which of the following is a correct example of federal character in the Nigerian Constitution?

A. The President must be a member of the majority ethnic group in the country

B. The National Assembly must have an equal number of members from each state

C. The President has the power to appoint the heads of all federal agencies from his home state

Correct D. The National Assembly has the power to approve the appointment of the heads of all federal agencies

Correct Answer: D

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Question 18

The concept of separation of powers in the Nigerian Constitution is designed to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of any one person or institution. Which of the following is a correct example of separation of powers in the Nigerian Constitution?

A. The President has the power to appoint the heads of all federal agencies

Correct B. The National Assembly has the power to approve the appointment of the heads of all federal agencies

C. The President has the power to dissolve the National Assembly

D. The President has the power to appoint the Chief Justice of Nigeria

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19

The concept of local government in the Nigerian Constitution is designed to promote decentralization and bring government closer to the people. Which of the following is a correct example of local government in the Nigerian Constitution?

A. The President has the power to appoint the local government chairmen

B. The National Assembly has the power to approve the appointment of local government chairmen

Correct C. The local government has the power to collect taxes and impose levies

D. The President has the power to dissolve the local government councils

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

The concept of public administration in the Nigerian Constitution is designed to promote efficiency and effectiveness in the delivery of public services. Which of the following is a correct example of public administration in the Nigerian Constitution?

A. The President has the power to appoint the heads of all federal agencies

B. The National Assembly has the power to approve the appointment of the heads of all federal agencies

Correct C. The public service commission has the power to promote and discipline civil servants

D. The President has the power to dissolve the public service commission

Correct Answer: C

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Question 21

The concept of checks and balances in the Nigerian Constitution is exemplified by the relationship between the Executive and the Legislative arms of government. Which of the following is a correct example of checks and balances?

A. The President can dissolve the National Assembly.

Correct B. The National Assembly can impeach the President.

C. The President can veto a bill passed by the National Assembly.

D. The National Assembly can appoint the President's cabinet members.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22

The African Union's (AU) primary objective is to promote economic, political, and social integration among its member states. Which of the following is a key instrument of the AU in achieving this objective?

Correct A. The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Agreement

B. The African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance

C. The African Union's Peace and Security Council

D. The African Development Bank

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

The concept of the rule of law is essential in a democratic society. Which of the following is a characteristic of the rule of law?

A. The government has absolute power to make laws.

Correct B. The government is accountable to the people.

C. The government can suspend the Constitution in times of crisis.

D. The government can impose its will on the people without due process.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24

The concept of separation of powers is a fundamental principle of democracy. Which of the following is a correct example of separation of powers in the Nigerian Constitution?

A. The President can appoint judges to the Supreme Court.

Correct B. The National Assembly can impeach the President.

C. The President can veto a bill passed by the National Assembly.

D. The President can dissolve the National Assembly.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25

The concept of human rights is essential in a democratic society. Which of the following is a fundamental human right?

A. The right to bear arms.

Correct B. The right to freedom of speech.

C. The right to a fair trial.

D. The right to vote.

Correct Answer: B

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