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POST UTME BSU 2019 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME BSU exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2019 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

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Question 1

In a cell, the process of glycolysis occurs in the cytosol, while the citric acid cycle takes place in the mitochondria. What is the primary function of the citric acid cycle?

A. To generate ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation

Correct B. To produce NADH and FADH2 for the electron transport chain

C. To synthesize amino acids from glu\cose

D. To regulate the concentration of ATP in the cell

Correct Answer: B

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Question 2

A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light?

A. Cornea

B. Iris

Correct C. Retina

D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3

In a plant cell, the process of photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts. What is the primary function of the chloroplasts?

Correct A. To synthesize glu\cose from CO2 and H2O

B. To produce ATP through the electron transport chain

C. To regulate the concentration of CO2 in the cell

D. To synthesize amino acids from glu\cose

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

A diagram of the human circulatory system is shown below. Which part of the system is responsible for transporting oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

A. Pulmonary Veins

B. Pulmonary Arteries

Correct C. Aorta

D. Superior Vena Cava

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5

In a cell, the process of mitosis occurs in the nucleus. What is the primary function of mitosis?

A. To synthesize DNA from nucleotides

B. To produce ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation

C. To regulate the concentration of ATP in the cell

Correct D. To produce two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.64

B. 0.8

C. 0.2

D. 0.16

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

A solution of NaCl is prepared by dissolving 35.5 g of NaCl in 250 mL of water. What is the molarity of the solution?

Correct A. 0.243

B. 0.2435

C. 0.242

D. 0.244

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

A plant cell has a vacuole that contains 0.5 M glu\cose. If the cell membrane is permeable to glu\cose, what is the concentration of glu\cose in the cytosol after 10 minutes?

Correct A. 0.5

B. 0.4

C. 0.6

D. 0.3

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'X'?

A. photosynthesis

B. respiration

Correct C. protein synthesis

D. cell signaling

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10

A diagram of a human eye is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'Y'?

A. b\ending of light

Correct B. re\fraction of light

C. absorption of light

D. reflection of light

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11

In a typical human cell, what is the primary function of the mitochondria in relation to cellular respiration?

A. To synthesize proteins

Correct B. To generate energy for the cell

C. To regulate cell growth

D. To transport subs\tances across the cell membrane

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12

What is the primary difference between the xylem and phloem tissues in plants?

Correct A. Xylem transports water and nutrients, while phloem transports sugars and amino acids

B. Xylem transports sugars and amino acids, while phloem transports water and nutrients

C. Xylem is found in the roots, while phloem is found in the stems

D. Xylem is found in the stems, while phloem is found in the roots

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13

What is the primary function of the pancreas in the human digestive system?

Correct A. To secrete digestive enzymes

B. To regulate blood sugar levels

C. To absorb nutrients from the small intestine

D. To store bile from the liver

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

What is the primary difference between a virus and a bacterium?

A. Viruses are \single-celled organisms, while bacteria are multicellular

B. Viruses are multicellular, while bacteria are \single-celled

C. Viruses have a cell wall, while bacteria do not

Correct D. Viruses do not have a cell wall, while bacteria do

Correct Answer: D

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Question 15

What is the primary function of the liver in the human body?

Correct A. To filter waste from the blood

B. To regulate blood sugar levels

C. To store bile from the pancreas

D. To produce digestive enzymes

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

In the context of evolutionary theories, what is the primary mechanism by which genetic drift leads to population differentiation?

A. Gene flow

B. Mutation

Correct C. Genetic drift

D. Natural selection

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17

A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

A. Trachea

Correct B. Lungs

C. Diaphragm

D. Bronchi

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18

In a eukaryotic cell, what is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

A. Protein synthesis

B. Cell signaling

C. Lipid synthesis

Correct D. Protein modification

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19

A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for detecting light?

A. Cornea

B. Iris

Correct C. Retina

D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

In the context of asexual reproduction, what is the primary advantage of budding?

A. Increased genetic diversity

Correct B. Reduced energy exp\enditure

C. Improved survival rate

D. Enhanced reproduction rate

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21

In a eukaryotic cell, what is the primary function of the mitochondria in relation to cellular respiration?

Correct A. To synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi

B. To break down glu\cose into pyruvate

C. To generate NADH and FADH2 from glycolysis

D. To produce water and carbon dioxide from glu\cose

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

What is the term for the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?

A. Respiration

Correct B. Photosynthesis

C. Transpiration

D. Translocation

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

In a typical terrestrial e\cosystem, what is the primary role of decomposers?

A. To produce organic compounds from inorganic subs\tances

Correct B. To break down dead organisms into simpler subs\tances

C. To synthesize complex molecules from simple subs\tances

D. To absorb nutrients from the soil

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24

What is the term for the movement of water from the roots to the leaves of a plant?

Correct A. Transpiration

B. Translocation

C. Osmosis

D. Diffusion

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

In a typical human cell, what is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

A. To synthesize proteins from amino acids

B. To break down complex molecules into simpler subs\tances

Correct C. To modify and package proteins for transport

D. To produce energy from glu\cose

Correct Answer: C

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