POST UTME BOWEN UNIVERSITY 2023 Geography | Objective

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Question 1
The diagram below represents a cross-section of a river valley. Which of the following landforms is most likely to be formed by the erosive action of the river?
Correct A. A meander
B. A oxbow lake
C. A waterfall
D. A delta

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
The population of a city is increasing at a rate of 5% per annum. If the current population is 100,000, what will be the population after 2 years?
A. 105,000
B. 110,000
Correct C. 115,000
D. 120,000

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3
The diagram below represents a geological cross-section of a region. Which of the following rocks is most likely to be formed by the metamorphism of shale?
A. Gneiss
Correct B. Schist
C. Marble
D. Granite

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4
The diagram below represents a map of a region. Which of the following landforms is most likely to be formed by the process of glaciation?
A. A valley
Correct B. A drumlin
C. A lake
D. A delta

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5
The population of a city is increasing at a rate of 10% per annum. If the current population is 50,000, what will be the population after 3 years?
A. 60,000
B. 65,000
Correct C. 70,000
D. 75,000

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6
The concept of 'carrying capacity' in population studies refers to the maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can support without degrading its quality. Which of the following is a key factor that determines carrying capacity?
Correct A. Availability of food resources
B. Water quality
C. Climate and temperature
D. Human population density

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
A soil profile consists of the following horizons, in order: O, A, B, C. Which of the following is the primary function of the B horizon?
A. To store water and nutrients
Correct B. To facilitate root growth
C. To act as a buffer zone
D. To provide a source of nutrients

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8
The Koppen climate classification system is used to categorize climates based on temperature and precipitation patterns. Which of the following is a characteristic of the tropical savanna climate?
A. High levels of precipitation throughout the year
B. A dry season during the winter months
Correct C. A rainy season during the summer months
D. A cold winter and a hot summer

Correct Answer: C

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Question 9
The concept of 'resource curse' refers to the idea that an abundance of natural resources can actually hinder economic development. Which of the following is a possible reason for this phenomenon?
Correct A. Corruption and mismanagement of resources
B. Dependence on a single resource
C. Lack of human capital
D. Conflict over resource ownership

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
The concept of 'sustainable development' refers to the idea of meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Which of the following is a key principle of sustainable development?
A. Economic growth at any cost
B. Environmental protection at any cost
C. Social equity and justice
Correct D. Inter-generational equity

Correct Answer: D

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Question 11
The concept of 'carrying capacity' in population studies refers to the maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can sustainably support. What is the primary factor that determines an environment's carrying capacity?
Correct A. Availability of food resources
B. Predation pressure
C. Disease prevalence
D. Climate variability

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
A rock cycle diagram shows the transformation of sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks through the process of
Correct A. Metamorphism
B. Weathering
C. Erosion
D. Plate tectonics

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13
The Earth's rotation causes the Coriolis effect, which in turn influences global wind patterns. What is the primary consequence of the Coriolis effect on global climate?
A. The formation of high-pressure systems
B. The development of tropical cyclones
C. The creation of ocean currents
Correct D. The distribution of precipitation patterns

Correct Answer: D

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Question 14
Soil erosion can be caused by various factors, including water runoff and wind. What is the primary mechanism by which water runoff contributes to soil erosion?
Correct A. The formation of rills and gullies
B. The creation of sediment-laden streams
C. The development of landslides
D. The degradation of soil structure

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
The concept of 'sustainable development' emphasizes the need to balance economic growth with environmental protection. What is the primary goal of sustainable development in the context of environmental management?
A. To maximize economic growth
B. To minimize environmental degradation
Correct C. To achieve a balance between economic growth and environmental protection
D. To prioritize environmental protection over economic growth

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16
A map projection that preserves angles and shapes is known as a:
Correct A. Conic projection
B. Azimuthal projection
C. Gnomonic projection
D. Orthographic projection

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
The process of weathering that involves the breakdown of rocks into smaller fragments is known as:
Correct A. Mechanical weathering
B. Chemical weathering
C. Physical weathering
D. Biological weathering

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18
The diagram below shows a cross-section of a river valley. Identify the letter that represents the point where the river is widest:
A. A
Correct B. B
C. C
D. D

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19
The diagram below shows a graph of the relationship between the amount of rainfall and the number of plants in a forest. What is the independent variable in this graph?
Correct A. Rainfall
B. Number of plants
C. Temperature
D. Humidity

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20
The process of plate tectonics that involves the movement of the Earth's crust is known as:
A. Continental drift
Correct B. Sea-floor spreading
C. Subduction
D. Convergent plate boundary

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21
The Niger Delta region of Nigeria is characterized by a complex network of rivers and creeks. Which of the following is a major factor contributing to the high level of sedimentation in the region?
A. Tectonic activity
B. Human activities such as deforestation and sand mining
Correct C. High rainfall and runoff from surrounding hills
D. Sea level rise

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22
The Earth's surface is composed of several major landforms, including mountains, hills, and plateaus. Which of the following is a primary process that shapes these landforms?
Correct A. Weathering and erosion
B. Tectonic activity
C. Volcanic activity
D. Glacial activity

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23
The Niger River is the longest river in West Africa and flows through several countries, including Nigeria, Benin, and Niger. Which of the following is a major economic activity associated with the Niger River?
A. Fishing and aquaculture
B. Irrigation and agriculture
Correct C. Hydroelectric power generation
D. Tourism and recreation

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24
The Earth's atmosphere is composed of several layers, including the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere. Which of the following is a primary function of the stratosphere?
A. Regulating Earth's temperature
Correct B. Protecting the Earth from harmful radiation
C. Supporting the growth of plants
D. Influencing weather patterns

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25
The Niger Delta region of Nigeria is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna. Which of the following is a major threat to the region's biodiversity?
Correct A. Habitat destruction and fragmentation
B. Pollution and climate change
C. Overfishing and overhunting
D. Disease and parasites

Correct Answer: A

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