Practice post utme bowen university government 2020 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of separation of powers in a democratic government is rooted in the idea of checks and balances. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government?

A. The legislative branch has absolute power over the executive and judicial branches.

B. The executive branch has the power to veto laws passed by the legislative branch.

C. The judicial branch has the power to declare laws passed by the legislative branch unconstitutional.

Correct D. The legislative, executive, and judicial branches have equal power and are independent of each other.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2

The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is based on which of the following principles?

Correct A. The principle of federalism

B. The principle of unitarism

C. The principle of confederalism

D. The principle of constitutionalism

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

The concept of electoral systems refers to the methods used to elect representatives to a legislative body. Which of the following is an example of a proportional representation electoral system?

A. First-past-the-post

B. Single transferable vote

Correct C. Mixed-member proportional

D. Majority system

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4

The concept of constitutionalism refers to the idea that a country's constitution is the supreme law of the land. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the constitution and the government?

Correct A. The constitution is a document that outlines the powers and limitations of the government.

B. The constitution is a document that outlines the rights and freedoms of citizens.

C. The constitution is a document that outlines the structure and organization of the government.

D. The constitution is a document that outlines the history and traditions of the country.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

The concept of foreign policy refers to the actions and decisions made by a country in its interactions with other countries. Which of the following is an example of a foreign policy goal?

Correct A. To promote economic development and trade

B. To protect national security and defend against threats

C. To promote cultural exchange and understanding

D. To promote environmental protection and conservation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

In a system of government where power is divided among separate branches, which of the following is an example of a check on the legislative branch?

A. Judicial review

Correct B. Executive veto

C. Legislative override

D. Impeachment

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

A government's foreign policy is often influenced by its

Correct A. Economic interests

B. Geographic location

C. Cultural values

D. Military strength

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

In a pre-colonial African society, the

A. Chief

B. King

Correct C. Council of elders

D. Assembly of representatives

Correct Answer: C

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Question 9

The concept of legitimacy in government refers to the

A. Right to govern

B. Power to make laws

C. Authority to enforce laws

Correct D. Moral justification for rule

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10

In a system of government where power is concentrated in the hands of one person, the

Correct A. Executive

B. Legislative

C. Judicial

D. Council of advisors

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The concept of constitutionalism in Nigeria is rooted in the country's colonial past. Which of the following best describes the impact of colonialism on Nigeria's constitutional development?

A. Colonialism imposed a rigid and inflexible constitution on Nigeria, which has hindered the country's democratic development.

Correct B. Colonialism introduced the concept of constitutionalism to Nigeria, which has been a cornerstone of the country's democratic development.

C. Colonialism had no significant impact on Nigeria's constitutional development.

D. Colonialism led to the adoption of a federal system of government in Nigeria, which has contributed to the country's democratic development.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12

The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is based on the principles of federalism. Which of the following is a key feature of federalism in Nigeria?

Correct A. The division of power between the federal and state governments.

B. The creation of a strong and centralized government.

C. The adoption of a unitary system of government.

D. The establishment of a parliamentary system of government.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13

The United Nations (UN) plays a crucial role in promoting peace and security in Africa. Which of the following is a key function of the UN in this regard?

A. The UN provides humanitarian assistance to conflict-affected countries.

B. The UN promotes economic development in African countries.

Correct C. The UN maintains peacekeeping forces in conflict zones.

D. The UN provides technical assistance to African countries.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional economic community that promotes economic integration in West Africa. Which of the following is a key objective of ECOWAS?

Correct A. To promote free trade among member states.

B. To establish a common currency among member states.

C. To promote economic development in member states.

D. To promote regional security among member states.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The concept of power is central to the study of politics. Which of the following best describes the relationship between power and authority?

Correct A. Power is the ability to exercise authority.

B. Authority is the ability to exercise power.

C. Power and authority are interchangeable terms.

D. Power is the opposite of authority.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

The concept of 'checks and balances' in a system of government is best exemplified by the division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches in a country with a presidential system. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of this division of powers?

A. Separation of powers among the branches

B. Independent appointment of judges

C. Limitation of the president's term in office

Correct D. Power to declare war

Correct Answer: D

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Question 17

In a country with a parliamentary system of government, the head of government is the prime minister. What is the primary responsibility of the prime minister in this system?

A. To serve as the head of state

B. To appoint the head of state

C. To advise the head of state

Correct D. To serve as the head of government

Correct Answer: D

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Question 18

The concept of 'separation of powers' in a system of government is designed to prevent the concentration of power in one branch of government. Which of the following is a consequence of this separation?

A. Increased efficiency in government

B. Reduced accountability in government

Correct C. Increased checks and balances

D. Decreased transparency in government

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19

In a country with a federal system of government, the powers of the central government are divided among the federal government and the states. Which of the following is a characteristic of this division of powers?

A. The central government has absolute power over the states

B. The states have absolute power over the central government

Correct C. The central government and the states share powers

D. The central government has no powers over the states

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

The concept of 'rule of law' in a system of government is designed to ensure that all citizens are treated equally under the law. Which of the following is a characteristic of this concept?

A. The government has absolute power over the citizens

B. The citizens have absolute power over the government

Correct C. The government and the citizens are equal under the law

D. The government has no powers over the citizens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 21

The concept of rule of law is closely related to the idea of human rights. Discuss the relationship between these two concepts, using examples from the Nigerian Constitution.

Correct A. The rule of law is a means of protecting human rights, while human rights are the ends that the rule of law seeks to achieve.

B. The rule of law is a limitation on the power of the state, while human rights are the rights of individuals to be free from state interference.

C. The rule of law is a way of ensuring that the government is accountable to the people, while human rights are the rights of individuals to be treated fairly by the government.

D. The rule of law is a means of promoting social justice, while human rights are the rights of individuals to be treated equally under the law.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

The Nigerian political system is characterized by a multiparty system. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system, using examples from the 2019 general elections.

Correct A. The multiparty system allows for greater representation of diverse interests, but it can lead to political instability and fragmentation.

B. The multiparty system promotes competition and accountability among political parties, but it can lead to polarization and conflict.

C. The multiparty system allows for greater participation of citizens in the political process, but it can lead to confusion and disorganization.

D. The multiparty system promotes national unity and stability, but it can lead to the suppression of minority interests.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

The concept of foreign policy is closely related to the idea of international relations. Discuss the relationship between these two concepts, using examples from Nigeria's foreign policy towards the African Union.

Correct A. Foreign policy is a means of promoting national interests, while international relations are the interactions between nations.

B. Foreign policy is a way of ensuring national security, while international relations are the interactions between nations for economic and cultural purposes.

C. Foreign policy is a means of promoting economic development, while international relations are the interactions between nations for political and security purposes.

D. Foreign policy is a way of promoting social justice, while international relations are the interactions between nations for human rights and humanitarian purposes.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

The pre-colonial administration of Nigeria was characterized by a system of kingdoms and empires. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system, using examples from the Hausa Kingdom.

Correct A. The pre-colonial administration system allowed for greater autonomy and self-governance, but it was characterized by conflict and instability.

B. The pre-colonial administration system promoted economic development and trade, but it was characterized by inequality and exploitation.

C. The pre-colonial administration system allowed for greater social mobility and equality, but it was characterized by limited access to education and healthcare.

D. The pre-colonial administration system promoted national unity and stability, but it was characterized by the suppression of minority interests.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The colonial administration of Nigeria was characterized by a system of indirect rule. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system, using examples from the British colonial administration.

Correct A. The colonial administration system allowed for greater efficiency and effectiveness, but it was characterized by exploitation and oppression.

B. The colonial administration system promoted economic development and modernization, but it was characterized by inequality and marginalization.

C. The colonial administration system allowed for greater social mobility and equality, but it was characterized by limited access to education and healthcare.

D. The colonial administration system promoted national unity and stability, but it was characterized by the suppression of minority interests.

Correct Answer: A

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