POST UTME BABCOCK UNIVERSITY 2024 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a tropical rainforest, the presence of a large number of epiphytes such as orchids and ferns is an example of a(n) \n\( \text{commensalism} \) relationship between the epiphytes and the host tree.
A. mutualism
B. parasitism
Correct C. commensalism
D. competition

Correct Answer: C

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Question 2
The process by which plants release water vapor into the air is called \n\( \text{transpiration} \).
A. photosynthesis
B. respiration
Correct C. transpiration
D. translocation

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3
The hormone that stimulates the release of milk from the mammary glands of female mammals is \n\( \text{oxytocin} \).
A. adrenaline
B. insulin
Correct C. oxytocin
D. thymo\sin

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4
The process by which the body gets rid of waste products is called \n\( \text{excretion} \).
A. respiration
B. photosynthesis
Correct C. excretion
D. translocation

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5
The type of tissue that is found in the walls of blood vessels and is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide is called \n\( \text{\endothelium} \).
A. epithelium
B. connective tissue
Correct C. \endothelium
D. muscle tissue

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
A. 0.36
Correct B. 0.64
C. 0.48
D. 0.52

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7
A 2.5 L flask contains 1.5 mol of an ideal gas at 27°C. If 1.0 mol of the gas is removed, what is the new pressure of the gas?
A. 1.0 \times 10^5 Pa
B. 2.0 \times 10^5 Pa
Correct C. 2.5 \times 10^5 Pa
D. 3.0 \times 10^5 Pa

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8
A solution contains 0.1 M NaCl and 0.2 M CaCl2. What is the concentration of Cl- ions in the solution?
A. 0.1 M
B. 0.2 M
Correct C. 0.3 M
D. 0.4 M

Correct Answer: C

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Question 9
A patient has a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 25 mg/dL. What is the approximate osmotic pressure of the BUN in the blood?
A. 1.0 \times 10^3 Pa
B. 2.0 \times 10^3 Pa
Correct C. 2.5 \times 10^3 Pa
D. 3.0 \times 10^3 Pa

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10
A 50-year-old woman has a history of hypertension and is taking a medication that blocks the action of angioten\sin II. What is the primary effect of this medication on the renin-angioten\sin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?
A. inhibition of angioten\sin II
B. inhibition of aldosterone
Correct C. inhibition of angioten\sin-converting enzyme (ACE)
D. inhibition of renin

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11
In a photosynthetic reaction, what is the primary function of the light-dep\endent reactions?
Correct A. To produce ATP and NADPH
B. To synthesize glu\cose from CO2
C. To oxidize water to produce oxygen
D. To reduce CO2 to formic acid

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
A population of rabbits is growing \logistically according to the equation dP/dt = rP\( 1 - P/K \). If the initial population is 100 rabbits and the carrying capacity is 1000 rabbits, what is the population size after 5 years?
A. 500
B. 750
Correct C. 900
D. 950

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13
A 2.5 L sample of a solution containing 0.15 M NaCl is titrated with 0.25 M HCl. What is the pH of the solution after the addition of 25 mL of HCl?
A. 1.0
Correct B. 2.0
C. 3.0
D. 4.0

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14
A cell is placed in a solution with a concentration of 0.1 M glu\cose. If the cell membrane is permeable to glu\cose, what is the concentration of glu\cose in the cell after 10 minutes?
A. 0.05 M
B. 0.075 M
Correct C. 0.1 M
D. 0.15 M

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15
A species of bacteria is growing in a culture medium. If the initial population is 100 bacteria and the population doubles every 2 hours, what is the population size after 6 hours?
A. 1600
B. 2000
C. 2400
Correct D. 3200

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16
A study on the genetic basis of antibiotic resis\tance in bacteria revealed that the resis\tance gene is located on a plasmid. Which of the following is a likely consequence of this finding?
A. The bacteria will become more susceptible to antibiotics.
Correct B. The bacteria will develop resis\tance to multiple antibiotics.
C. The bacteria will not be able to share the resis\tance gene with other bacteria.
D. The bacteria will not be able to replicate the plasmid.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17
A population of rabbits is growing exponentially, with a birth rate of 0.05 per rabbit per year and a death rate of 0.01 per rabbit per year. What is the carrying capacity of the population?
A. 100
B. 500
Correct C. 1000
D. 5000

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of a microorganism. The researcher measures the growth of the microorganism at different pH levels and plots the results on a graph. What is the likely effect of increa\sing the pH on the growth of the microorganism?
A. The growth of the microorganism will increase.
Correct B. The growth of the microorganism will decrease.
C. The growth of the microorganism will remain cons\tant.
D. The growth of the microorganism will fluctuate.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19
A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that affects the production of a specific enzyme. The patient's doctor prescribes a medication that increases the production of the enzyme. What is the likely effect of the medication on the patient's symptoms?
A. The patient's symptoms will worsen.
B. The patient's symptoms will remain the same.
Correct C. The patient's symptoms will improve.
D. The patient's symptoms will disappear.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20
A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the growth of a microorganism. The researcher measures the growth of the microorganism at different temperatures and plots the results on a graph. What is the likely effect of increa\sing the temperature on the growth of the microorganism?
Correct A. The growth of the microorganism will increase.
B. The growth of the microorganism will decrease.
C. The growth of the microorganism will remain cons\tant.
D. The growth of the microorganism will fluctuate.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
In a population of 1000 individuals, 70% are homozygous dominant (BB), 20% are heterozygous (Bb), and 10% are homozygous recessive (bb). What is the expected frequency of the recessive allele (b) in the population?
Correct A. 0.10
B. 0.20
C. 0.30
D. 0.40

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
A diagram shows a plant with 5 petals. If the plant is a hybrid of two parent plants, one with 3 petals and the other with 7 petals, what is the probability that the offspring will have 5 petals?
A. 0.25
Correct B. 0.50
C. 0.75
D. 1.00

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23
A diagram shows a simple food chain with a producer (plant), a primary consumer (insect), and a secondary consumer (bird). If the producer is removed, what will happen to the population of the secondary consumer?
A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. No change
Correct D. Extinction

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24
A diagram shows a simple e\cosystem with a producer (plant), a primary consumer (insect), and a secondary consumer (bird). If the primary consumer is removed, what will happen to the population of the secondary consumer?
A. Increase
Correct B. Decrease
C. No change
D. Extinction

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25
A diagram shows a simple food chain with a producer (plant), a primary consumer (insect), and a secondary consumer (bird). If the secondary consumer is removed, what will happen to the population of the primary consumer?
Correct A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. No change
D. Extinction

Correct Answer: A

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