Practice post utme babcock university government 2020 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of checks and balances in a system of government is primarily designed to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of a single individual or group. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government in a system of checks and balances?

Correct A. Separation of powers

B. Concentration of power

C. Shared powers

D. No relationship

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

The African Union (AU) is a continental organization that aims to promote economic, political, and social integration among its member states. Which of the following is a key objective of the AU?

A. To promote democracy and human rights

Correct B. To promote economic integration

C. To promote peace and security

D. To promote cultural exchange

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

The concept of the rule of law is a fundamental principle of democratic governance. Which of the following best describes the rule of law?

A. The power of the government to make laws

B. The power of the government to enforce laws

Correct C. The principle that the government and citizens are subject to the law

D. The principle that the government has absolute power

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4

The United Nations (UN) is a global organization that aims to promote peace, security, and cooperation among its member states. Which of the following is a key function of the UN?

A. To promote economic development

Correct B. To promote peace and security

C. To promote human rights

D. To promote cultural exchange

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5

The concept of foreign policy is a critical aspect of international relations. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of foreign policy?

A. To promote economic development

B. To promote peace and security

C. To promote cultural exchange

Correct D. To promote national interest

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6

The concept of Separation of Powers in a democratic system is primarily designed to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of one individual or institution. Which of the following is a key feature of this concept?

A. Checks and Balances

Correct B. Separation of Powers

C. Rule of Law

D. Constitutional Supremacy

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

In the context of Public Administration, what is the primary function of the Civil Service Commission?

A. To advise the government on policy matters

B. To implement government policies

Correct C. To recruit and train civil servants

D. To oversee the management of public enterprises

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8

The concept of Electoral Systems refers to the methods used to elect representatives to a legislative body. Which of the following is a characteristic of a Proportional Representation (PR) system?

A. Winner-takes-all

Correct B. Proportional Representation

C. First-Past-The-Post

D. Single Transferable Vote

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

In the context of Foreign Policy, what is the primary goal of a country's diplomacy?

A. To promote national security

B. To advance economic interests

C. To promote cultural exchange

Correct D. To maintain international peace and security

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10

The concept of Pre-colonial Administration refers to the systems of governance that existed in Africa before the arrival of European colonizers. Which of the following is a characteristic of the Ashanti Empire?

Correct A. Monarchical system of government

B. Federal system of government

C. Confederate system of government

D. Unitary system of government

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The concept of legitimacy in government is closely related to the idea of authority. Explain how legitimacy is derived from authority, using the example of a democratically elected government.

A. Legitimacy is derived from authority when the government is able to enforce its decisions and maintain order.

B. Legitimacy is derived from authority when the government is able to provide public goods and services.

Correct C. Legitimacy is derived from authority when the government is able to protect the rights of its citizens.

D. Legitimacy is derived from authority when the government is able to make decisions that benefit the majority.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 12

In a federal system of government, power is divided between the central government and the regional governments. Explain how this division of power affects the relationship between the central government and the regional governments.

A. The division of power leads to a decrease in the power of the central government and an increase in the power of the regional governments.

B. The division of power leads to a decrease in the power of the regional governments and an increase in the power of the central government.

Correct C. The division of power leads to a balance of power between the central government and the regional governments.

D. The division of power leads to a concentration of power in the central government.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13

The concept of power in government refers to the ability of a government to make decisions and enforce them. Explain how power is exercised in a democratic government.

A. Power is exercised through the use of force and coercion.

Correct B. Power is exercised through the use of persuasion and negotiation.

C. Power is exercised through the use of laws and regulations.

D. Power is exercised through the use of public opinion and media.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14

The concept of authority in government refers to the right to make decisions and enforce them. Explain how authority is derived in a constitutional government.

Correct A. Authority is derived from the constitution and the laws of the land.

B. Authority is derived from the power of the majority.

C. Authority is derived from the power of the minority.

D. Authority is derived from the power of the monarch.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The concept of legitimacy in government refers to the right of a government to make decisions and enforce them. Explain how legitimacy is derived in a democratic government.

A. Legitimacy is derived from the power of the majority.

B. Legitimacy is derived from the power of the minority.

Correct C. Legitimacy is derived from the constitution and the laws of the land.

D. Legitimacy is derived from the power of the monarch.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16

The concept of power in government refers to the ability of a government to make decisions and enforce them. Explain how power is exercised in a federal system of government.

A. Power is exercised through the use of force and coercion.

B. Power is exercised through the use of persuasion and negotiation.

Correct C. Power is exercised through the use of laws and regulations.

D. Power is exercised through the use of public opinion and media.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17

The concept of authority in government refers to the right to make decisions and enforce them. Explain how authority is derived in a constitutional government.

Correct A. Authority is derived from the constitution and the laws of the land.

B. Authority is derived from the power of the majority.

C. Authority is derived from the power of the minority.

D. Authority is derived from the power of the monarch.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

The concept of legitimacy in government refers to the right of a government to make decisions and enforce them. Explain how legitimacy is derived in a democratic government.

A. Legitimacy is derived from the power of the majority.

B. Legitimacy is derived from the power of the minority.

Correct C. Legitimacy is derived from the constitution and the laws of the land.

D. Legitimacy is derived from the power of the monarch.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how the legitimacy of a government is affected by the level of authority it exercises over its citizens.

A. Legitimacy is directly proportional to the level of authority exercised by a government.

Correct B. Legitimacy is inversely proportional to the level of authority exercised by a government.

C. Legitimacy is not affected by the level of authority exercised by a government.

D. Legitimacy is directly affected by the level of authority exercised by a government, but only in authoritarian regimes.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20

In a federal system of government, power is divided between the central government and the constituent units. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system of government.

Correct A. Advantages: promotes unity, facilitates economic development, and enhances national security; Disadvantages: may lead to conflict between levels of government, creates bureaucratic inefficiencies, and hinders effective decision-making.

B. Advantages: promotes unity, facilitates economic development, and enhances national security; Disadvantages: may lead to conflict between levels of government, creates bureaucratic inefficiencies, and hinders effective decision-making.

C. Advantages: promotes unity, facilitates economic development, and enhances national security; Disadvantages: may lead to conflict between levels of government, creates bureaucratic inefficiencies, and hinders effective decision-making.

D. Advantages: promotes unity, facilitates economic development, and enhances national security; Disadvantages: may lead to conflict between levels of government, creates bureaucratic inefficiencies, and hinders effective decision-making.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

The concept of power in political science refers to the ability of individuals or groups to influence the behavior of others. Discuss the different types of power and their characteristics.

Correct A. Types of power: coercive, remunerative, and expert power; Characteristics: coercive power is based on force or threat of force, remunerative power is based on rewards or incentives, and expert power is based on knowledge or expertise.

B. Types of power: coercive, remunerative, and expert power; Characteristics: coercive power is based on force or threat of force, remunerative power is based on rewards or incentives, and expert power is based on knowledge or expertise.

C. Types of power: coercive, remunerative, and expert power; Characteristics: coercive power is based on force or threat of force, remunerative power is based on rewards or incentives, and expert power is based on knowledge or expertise.

D. Types of power: coercive, remunerative, and expert power; Characteristics: coercive power is based on force or threat of force, remunerative power is based on rewards or incentives, and expert power is based on knowledge or expertise.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

The concept of authority in political science refers to the legitimate right to make decisions and enforce rules. Discuss the different types of authority and their characteristics.

Correct A. Types of authority: legal, moral, and traditional authority; Characteristics: legal authority is based on laws and regulations, moral authority is based on moral principles and values, and traditional authority is based on customs and traditions.

B. Types of authority: legal, moral, and traditional authority; Characteristics: legal authority is based on laws and regulations, moral authority is based on moral principles and values, and traditional authority is based on customs and traditions.

C. Types of authority: legal, moral, and traditional authority; Characteristics: legal authority is based on laws and regulations, moral authority is based on moral principles and values, and traditional authority is based on customs and traditions.

D. Types of authority: legal, moral, and traditional authority; Characteristics: legal authority is based on laws and regulations, moral authority is based on moral principles and values, and traditional authority is based on customs and traditions.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

The concept of legitimacy in political science refers to the acceptance of a government or political system by its citizens. Discuss the different factors that contribute to the legitimacy of a government.

Correct A. Factors contributing to legitimacy: effectiveness, efficiency, and responsiveness; Characteristics: effectiveness refers to the ability of a government to achieve its goals, efficiency refers to the ability of a government to achieve its goals with minimal resources, and responsiveness refers to the ability of a government to respond to the needs and concerns of its citizens.

B. Factors contributing to legitimacy: effectiveness, efficiency, and responsiveness; Characteristics: effectiveness refers to the ability of a government to achieve its goals, efficiency refers to the ability of a government to achieve its goals with minimal resources, and responsiveness refers to the ability of a government to respond to the needs and concerns of its citizens.

C. Factors contributing to legitimacy: effectiveness, efficiency, and responsiveness; Characteristics: effectiveness refers to the ability of a government to achieve its goals, efficiency refers to the ability of a government to achieve its goals with minimal resources, and responsiveness refers to the ability of a government to respond to the needs and concerns of its citizens.

D. Factors contributing to legitimacy: effectiveness, efficiency, and responsiveness; Characteristics: effectiveness refers to the ability of a government to achieve its goals, efficiency refers to the ability of a government to achieve its goals with minimal resources, and responsiveness refers to the ability of a government to respond to the needs and concerns of its citizens.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

The African Union's (AU) primary objective is to promote economic, political, and social integration among its member states. Which of the following is a key mechanism for achieving this objective?

Correct A. The AU's Single Market Protocol

B. The AU's New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) initiative

C. The AU's African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance

D. The AU's African Peace and Security Architecture

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The concept of constitutionalism emphasizes the importance of a constitution in shaping the relationship between the government and the citizens. Which of the following is a key feature of a constitutional government?

A. Separation of powers

Correct B. Rule of law

C. Protection of individual rights

D. Executive dominance

Correct Answer: B

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