POST UTME AL-HIKMAH UNIVERSITY 2022 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of mitosis is initiated by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, which is triggered by the activation of the protein kinase Cdk1. What is the primary function of Cdk1 in this process?
Correct A. To phosphorylate and activate the nuclear lamina
B. To bind to and inactivate the nuclear envelope
C. To recruit and activate the spindle assembly checkpoint
D. To regulate the expression of genes involved in cell cycle progression

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A species of bird is found in a specific type of habitat, which is characterized by a high concentration of a particular nutrient. The bird's diet consists mainly of insects that are rich in this nutrient. What is the most likely type of nutrient that the bird is adapted to consume?
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
Correct C. Fat
D. Mineral

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3
A plant grows in a region with a high concentration of a particular gas in the atmosphere. The plant's leaves are adapted to absorb this gas, which is then used to facilitate photosynthesis. What is the most likely type of gas that the plant is adapted to absorb?
A. Oxygen
Correct B. Carbon dioxide
C. Nitrogen
D. Water vapor

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4
A population of a particular species is found in a specific type of habitat, which is characterized by a high concentration of a particular predator. The population of the species is declining due to predation. What is the most likely type of predator that is responsible for the decline in population?
Correct A. A large carnivorous mammal
B. A small carnivorous bird
C. A large omnivorous reptile
D. A small omnivorous insect

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5
A species of plant is found in a region with a high concentration of a particular nutrient in the soil. The plant's roots are adapted to absorb this nutrient, which is then used to facilitate growth. What is the most likely type of nutrient that the plant is adapted to absorb?
A. Nitrogen
Correct B. Phosphorus
C. Potassium
D. Calcium

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of mitosis is initiated by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, resulting in the release of the chromosomes into the cytoplasm. Which of the following stages of mitosis is characterized by the condensation of chromosomes and the formation of the spindle apparatus?
Correct A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
The diagram below shows the structure of a neuron. Which of the following is the function of the d\endrites?
A. To transmit signals to other neurons
Correct B. To receive signals from other neurons
C. To produce neurotransmitters
D. To synthesize proteins

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8
The process of meiosis is essential for the production of gametes in sexually reproducing organisms. Which of the following stages of meiosis is characterized by the separation of homo\logous chromosomes?
A. Meiosis I
B. Meiosis II
C. Prophase I
Correct D. Anaphase I

Correct Answer: D

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Question 9
The diagram below shows the structure of a plant cell. Which of the following is the function of the vacuole?
A. To synthesize proteins
Correct B. To store water and nutrients
C. To produce chlorophyll
D. To regulate cell growth

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10
The process of photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Which of the following is the byproduct of photosynthesis?
Correct A. Glu\cose and oxygen
B. Glu\cose and carbon dioxide
C. Oxygen and carbon dioxide
D. Water and glu\cose

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11
In the context of cellular respiration, what is the primary function of the electron transport chain?
A. To generate ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation
B. To pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane
C. To reduce NAD+ to NADH
Correct D. To generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation

Correct Answer: D

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Question 12
A researcher is studying the effects of a new antibiotic on a bacterial culture. Which of the following is a likely outcome of the antibiotic's action?
A. The bacteria will become resis\tant to the antibiotic
B. The bacteria will undergo binary fission at a faster rate
Correct C. The bacteria will die due to inhibition of protein synthesis
D. The bacteria will undergo meiosis

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13
A plant cell is placed in a solution with a high concentration of sucrose. What is the likely effect on the cell's turgor pressure?
A. The turgor pressure will decrease
Correct B. The turgor pressure will increase
C. The turgor pressure will remain unchanged
D. The cell will undergo plasmolysis

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light?
A. The cornea
B. The iris
Correct C. The retina
D. The lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15
A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. Which part of the system is responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide?
A. The trachea
B. The bronchi
C. The lungs
Correct D. The alveoli

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele frequencies in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences. Which of the following is a necessary condition for the Hardy-Weinberg principle to hold?
A. Random mating
B. No mutation
C. No gene flow
Correct D. No natural selection

Correct Answer: D

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Question 17
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. What is the expected frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype 'aa'?
Correct A. 0.04
B. 0.08
C. 0.12
D. 0.16

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18
The process of excretion in humans involves the removal of waste products from the body. Which of the following is a major function of the kidneys in this process?
A. Regulation of blood pressure
B. Maintenance of electrolyte balance
Correct C. Removal of waste products
D. Production of hormones

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19
The bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common cause of urinary tract infections. Which of the following is a virulence factor that contributes to the pathogenicity of E. coli?
A. Capsule
B. Fimbriae
C. Toxins
Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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Question 20
The genetic code is a set of rules that determines how the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule is translated into a sequence of amino acids in a protein. Which of the following is a type of mutation that can result in a change in the genetic code?
Correct A. Point mutation
B. Frameshift mutation
C. Chromosomal mutation
D. Gene duplication

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the dominant allele 'A'?
A. 0.2
B. 0.4
C. 0.6
Correct D. 0.8

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22
A plant with the genotype 'Rr' is crossed with a plant with the genotype 'RR'. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype 'rr'?
A. 0.25
Correct B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 0.9

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23
A diagram of a plant's root system is shown below. Which part of the root system is responsible for absorbing water and minerals from the soil?
Correct A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24
A diagram of a human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light?
A. A
B. B
Correct C. C
D. D

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25
A diagram of a human digestive system is shown below. Which part of the digestive system is responsible for breaking down proteins?
A. A
Correct B. B
C. C
D. D

Correct Answer: B

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