POST UTME AL-HIKMAH UNIVERSITY 2021 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a population of 1000 individuals, 70% are heterozygous for the gene controlling the production of a particular enzyme. If 20% of the population are homozygous recessive, what is the frequency of the dominant allele?
Correct A. 0.4
B. 0.5
C. 0.6
D. 0.7

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A diagram of a plant's xylem and phloem is shown below. What is the function of the xylem?
Correct A. transport of water and minerals
B. transport of sugars and amino acids
C. production of auxins
D. regulation of stomatal opening

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
A diagram of the human nervous system is shown below. What is the function of the cerebellum?
A. regulation of body temperature
B. regulation of blood pressure
Correct C. coordination of voluntary movements
D. regulation of heart rate

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4
A diagram of the human reproductive system is shown below. What is the function of the ovary?
A. production of sperm
Correct B. production of eggs
C. transport of sperm
D. transport of eggs

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5
A diagram of the human circulatory system is shown below. What is the function of the heart?
Correct A. transport of oxygen to the body
B. transport of carbon dioxide from the body
C. regulation of blood pressure
D. regulation of heart rate

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6
The process of photosynthesis in plants involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy, resulting in the production of glu\cose and oxygen. Which of the following statements about the light-dep\endent reactions is correct?
A. The light-dep\endent reactions occur in the mitochondria.
Correct B. The light-dep\endent reactions produce ATP and NADPH.
C. The light-dep\endent reactions occur in the chloroplast.
D. The light-dep\endent reactions produce glu\cose and oxygen.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7
In the context of cellular respiration, what is the role of the electron transport chain?
A. To generate ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation.
Correct B. To generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
C. To produce NADH and FADH2.
D. To produce glu\cose and oxygen.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8
The xylem and phloem are two types of vascular tissues found in plants. Which of the following statements about the xylem is correct?
A. The xylem is responsible for transporting glu\cose and amino acids.
Correct B. The xylem is responsible for transporting water and minerals.
C. The xylem is responsible for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide.
D. The xylem is responsible for transporting ATP and NADPH.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9
The process of mitosis in eukaryotic cells involves the division of the nucleus into two daughter nuclei. Which of the following statements about the prophase stage of mitosis is correct?
Correct A. The chromosomes condense and become visible.
B. The nuclear envelope breaks down.
C. The centrioles move apart.
D. The cytoplasm divides.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
The process of digestion in the human body involves the breakdown of food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. Which of the following statements about the small intestine is correct?
Correct A. The small intestine is responsible for absorbing glu\cose and amino acids.
B. The small intestine is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes.
C. The small intestine is responsible for absorbing fats and oils.
D. The small intestine is responsible for absorbing vitamins and minerals.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11
The process of osmoregulation in bacteria involves the movement of water across the cell membrane through a specific type of transport protein. What is the name of this protein?
Correct A. Aquaporin
B. Porin
C. Channel protein
D. Carrier protein

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
The diagram below shows the structure of a eukaryotic cell. What is the function of the mitochondria?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Cell signaling
Correct C. Energy production
D. Cell division

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that the frequency of alleles in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation if certain conditions are met. What is one of these conditions?
A. Random mating
B. No mutation
C. No gene flow
Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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Question 14
The diagram below shows the life cycle of a protozoan. What is the stage where the organism is in its most complex form?
Correct A. Trophozoite
B. Cyst
C. Spore
D. Gamete

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
The process of excretion in animals involves the removal of waste products from the body. What is the primary organ responsible for excretion in humans?
Correct A. Kidneys
B. Liver
C. Lungs
D. Skin

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16
In the context of evolutionary theories, what is the primary mechanism by which genetic drift occurs?
A. Mutation
B. Gene flow
Correct C. Genetic drift
D. Natural selection

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli bacteria. Which of the following would be the most appropriate method to measure the growth of the bacteria?
Correct A. U\sing a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance of the culture
B. Counting the number of colonies on an agar plate
C. Measuring the pH of the culture u\sing a pH meter
D. U\sing a microscope to observe the morpho\logy of the bacteria

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for detecting light?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
Correct C. Retina
D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19
A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the growth of yeast. Which of the following would be the most appropriate method to measure the growth of the yeast?
A. U\sing a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance of the culture
Correct B. Counting the number of colonies on an agar plate
C. Measuring the pH of the culture u\sing a pH meter
D. U\sing a microscope to observe the morpho\logy of the yeast

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20
A diagram of the human brain is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for controlling voluntary movements?
Correct A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Brainstem
D. Spinal cord

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
Correct A. 0.64
B. 0.36
C. 0.16
D. 0.04

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
A cell in the G2 phase of the cell cycle has a DNA content of 8C. If the cell proceeds to mitosis, what will be the DNA content of the daughter cells?
Correct A. 4C
B. 8C
C. 16C
D. 32C

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23
A plant with the genotype 'Rr' is crossed with a plant with the genotype 'RR'. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype 'RR'?
A. 0.25
Correct B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 1

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24
A diagram shows a plant with a long stem and narrow leaves. The plant is crossed with a plant with a short stem and wide leaves. What is the probability that the offspring will have a long stem and narrow leaves?
Correct A. 0.5
B. 0.25
C. 0.75
D. 1

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
A diagram shows a cell with a nucleus and mitochondria. What is the function of the mitochondria?
A. To synthesize proteins
Correct B. To generate energy
C. To store genetic information
D. To regulate cell growth

Correct Answer: B

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