POST UTME AL-HIKMAH UNIVERSITY 2020 Government | Objective

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Question 1
In a federal system of government, power is divided between the central government and the regional governments. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system, and explain how it differs from a unitary system.
A. The federal system allows for more regional autonomy and diversity, but can also lead to conflicts between the central government and the regional governments.
B. The federal system allows for more central control and coordination, but can also lead to a lack of regional autonomy and diversity.
C. The federal system has no advantages or disadvantages, and is simply a way of organizing government.
D. The federal system is the best system of government, and all other systems are inferior.
Question 2
A government has the power to make laws, but it is not necessarily legitimate. What does this imply about the relationship between power and legitimacy in the context of public administration?
A. Power and legitimacy are interchangeable concepts, and a government with power is automatically legitimate in the context of public administration.
B. Power and legitimacy are distinct concepts, and a government can have power without being legitimate in the context of public administration.
C. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for power in the context of public administration, and a government cannot have power without being legitimate.
D. Power is a necessary condition for legitimacy in the context of public administration, and a government cannot be legitimate without having power.
Question 3
The 'Economic Community of West African States' (ECOWAS) is an example of which type of international organization?
A. Bilateral Organization
B. Multilateral Organization
C. Regional Organization
D. International Non-Governmental Organization
Question 4
Analyze the concept of legitimacy in the context of international relations. How does it impact the effectiveness of foreign policy?
A. Legitimacy is a crucial factor in determining the effectiveness of foreign policy, as it influences the willingness of other states to cooperate and respect the actions of a particular state.
B. Legitimacy is not a significant factor in international relations, as states prioritize their own interests over the legitimacy of other states' actions.
C. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for the effectiveness of foreign policy, but it is not sufficient on its own to guarantee success.
D. Legitimacy is irrelevant in international relations, as states are primarily driven by power and self-interest.
Question 5
What is the concept of 'checks and balances' in the context of Separation of Powers?
A. The power of the executive to veto legislation
B. The power of the legislative to impeach the executive
C. The power of the judicial to declare laws unconstitutional
D. The power of the executive to appoint judges
Question 6
The concept of human rights is closely tied to the idea of dignity. Which of the following best describes the relationship between these two concepts?
A. Human rights are a means of ensuring dignity.
B. Dignity is a prerequisite for human rights.
C. Human rights and dignity are mutually exclusive concepts.
D. Human rights are a form of governance that is separate from dignity.
Question 7
The 'Nigerian Political Parties' are examples of which type of pressure group?
A. Trade Union
B. Professional Association
C. Pressure Group
D. Political Party
Question 8
What is the concept of 'rule of law' in the context of Human Rights?
A. The idea that the law is above the government
B. The idea that the government is above the law
C. The idea that the law is a tool for social change
D. The idea that the law is a means of social control
Question 9
Which of the following forms of government is characterized by the concentration of power in the hands of a single ruler?
A. Monarchy
B. Democracy
C. Oligarchy
D. Theocracy
Question 10
The concept of the separation of powers is closely related to the idea of checks and balances. Discuss the relationship between these two concepts, using examples from the Nigerian Constitution.
A. The concept of the separation of powers is a principle that guides the application of the law, while checks and balances are a system of government that ensures the protection of individual rights.
B. The concept of the separation of powers is a system of government that ensures the independence of the judiciary, while checks and balances are a principle that prevents the concentration of power.
C. The concept of the separation of powers is a principle that promotes the rule of the majority, while checks and balances are a system that protects the rights of minorities.
D. The concept of the separation of powers is a system that ensures the distribution of power among different branches of government, while checks and balances are a principle that prevents the abuse of power.
Question 11
The 'Nigerian Civil Society Organizations' are examples of which type of pressure group?
A. Trade Union
B. Professional Association
C. Pressure Group
D. Civil Society Organization
Question 12
In a presidential system of government, the president serves as both the head of state and the head of government. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system, and explain how it differs from a parliamentary system.
A. The president has more power and control over the government, but is also more accountable to the people.
B. The president has less power and control over the government, but is also less accountable to the people.
C. The president has no power or control over the government, and is not accountable to the people.
D. The president has absolute power and control over the government, and is not accountable to the people.
Question 13
The 'Rule of Law' is a fundamental principle of which of the following systems of government?
A. Common Law System
B. Civil Law System
C. Constitutional Monarchy
D. Dictatorship
Question 14
The 'African Union' is an example of which type of international organization?
A. Bilateral Organization
B. Multilateral Organization
C. Regional Organization
D. International Non-Governmental Organization
Question 15
In the context of Constitutions and Constitutionalism, what is the primary purpose of a constitution?
A. To establish the powers of the government
B. To protect the rights of citizens
C. To promote national unity
D. To facilitate economic development

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