Practice post utme al-hikmah university government 2019 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of legitimacy in international relations is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and authority in the context of international organizations.

A. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for authority in international organizations.

Correct B. Authority is a necessary condition for legitimacy in international organizations.

C. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable concepts in international organizations.

D. Legitimacy is irrelevant to authority in international organizations.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 2

The United Nations (UN) has been criticized for its inability to prevent humanitarian crises in various parts of the world. Discuss the role of the UN in preventing humanitarian crises and propose possible solutions to this problem.

A. The UN should prioritize economic development over humanitarian intervention.

B. The UN should establish a standing peacekeeping force to intervene in humanitarian crises.

C. The UN should focus on providing humanitarian aid rather than trying to prevent crises.

Correct D. The UN should work with regional organizations to prevent humanitarian crises.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 3

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has been instrumental in promoting economic integration in West Africa. Discuss the role of ECOWAS in promoting economic integration and its impact on the region.

Correct A. ECOWAS has been successful in promoting economic integration in West Africa.

B. ECOWAS has failed to promote economic integration in West Africa.

C. ECOWAS has had a mixed impact on economic integration in West Africa.

D. ECOWAS has no role in promoting economic integration in West Africa.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

The African Union (AU) has been criticized for its lack of effective conflict resolution mechanisms. Discuss the AU's conflict resolution mechanisms and propose possible improvements.

A. The AU should establish a standing peacekeeping force to intervene in conflicts.

B. The AU should focus on providing humanitarian aid rather than trying to resolve conflicts.

Correct C. The AU should work with regional organizations to resolve conflicts.

D. The AU should prioritize economic development over conflict resolution.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5

The concept of power in international relations is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between power and authority in the context of international organizations.

A. Power is a necessary condition for authority in international organizations.

Correct B. Authority is a necessary condition for power in international organizations.

C. Power and authority are interchangeable concepts in international organizations.

D. Power is irrelevant to authority in international organizations.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6

The African Union's (AU) primary goal is to promote economic, political, and social integration among its member states. Which of the following is a key mechanism for achieving this goal?

A. The AU's Single African Air Transport Market (SAATM)

Correct B. The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)

C. The African Union's Peace and Security Council

D. The African Union's Economic, Social and Cultural Council (ECOSOCC)

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

The concept of 'pre-colonial administration' refers to the systems of governance that existed in Africa before the arrival of European colonizers. Which of the following was a common feature of pre-colonial administration in West Africa?

A. The use of written constitutions

Correct B. The existence of centralized monarchies

C. The presence of a strong bureaucracy

D. The use of indirect rule

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

The concept of 'forms and systems of government' refers to the different ways in which power is organized and exercised in a society. Which of the following is an example of a 'mixed' system of government?

Correct A. A presidential system with a parliamentary legislature

B. A constitutional monarchy with a bicameral legislature

C. A federal system with a unitary executive

D. A theocratic system with a single head of state

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

The concept of 'electoral systems and processes' refers to the ways in which citizens participate in the selection of their leaders. Which of the following is an example of a 'proportional representation' electoral system?

A. A first-past-the-post system

B. A single transferable vote system

C. A mixed-member proportional system

Correct D. A closed-list proportional representation system

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10

The concept of 'political parties and pressure groups' refers to the various organizations that seek to influence the policies and decisions of governments. Which of the following is an example of a 'pressure group'?

A. A political party

B. A trade union

Correct C. A non-governmental organization (NGO)

D. A community association

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely related to the idea of authority. Explain how the two concepts differ, using examples from Nigeria's political history.

A. Legitimacy refers to the acceptance of a political system by its citizens, while authority refers to the power exercised by those in power.

Correct B. Legitimacy is concerned with the moral rightness of a political system, while authority is concerned with the actual exercise of power.

C. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for authority, but not a sufficient one.

D. Authority is a necessary condition for legitimacy, but not a sufficient one.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12

The concept of checks and balances in a system of government is designed to prevent the concentration of power in one branch of government. Explain how this concept works in Nigeria's system of government.

A. The system of checks and balances in Nigeria's government is designed to prevent the president from becoming too powerful.

B. The system of checks and balances in Nigeria's government is designed to prevent the National Assembly from becoming too powerful.

C. The system of checks and balances in Nigeria's government is designed to prevent the judiciary from becoming too powerful.

Correct D. The system of checks and balances in Nigeria's government is designed to prevent the executive from becoming too powerful.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 13

The concept of foreign policy in international relations refers to the actions taken by a country to achieve its goals and protect its interests abroad. Explain how Nigeria's foreign policy has evolved over time.

Correct A. Nigeria's foreign policy has evolved from a policy of non-alignment to a policy of alignment with Western powers.

B. Nigeria's foreign policy has evolved from a policy of non-alignment to a policy of alignment with African powers.

C. Nigeria's foreign policy has evolved from a policy of alignment with Western powers to a policy of non-alignment.

D. Nigeria's foreign policy has remained unchanged over time.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

The concept of electoral systems in political science refers to the methods used to elect representatives to a government. Explain how Nigeria's electoral system has evolved over time.

Correct A. Nigeria's electoral system has evolved from a system of indirect election to a system of direct election.

B. Nigeria's electoral system has evolved from a system of direct election to a system of indirect election.

C. Nigeria's electoral system has remained unchanged over time.

D. Nigeria's electoral system has become more complex over time.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The concept of constitutional development in political science refers to the process of creating and amending a country's constitution. Explain how Nigeria's constitution has evolved over time.

A. Nigeria's constitution has evolved from a federal system to a unitary system.

Correct B. Nigeria's constitution has evolved from a unitary system to a federal system.

C. Nigeria's constitution has remained unchanged over time.

D. Nigeria's constitution has become more complex over time.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16

Analyze the impact of the 1963 Republican Constitution on the political landscape of Nigeria. How did it influence the country's transition to a federal system of government?

Correct A. The 1963 Republican Constitution entrenched regionalism, leading to the creation of more states and a more decentralized system of government.

B. The constitution introduced a parliamentary system of government, which was later abandoned in favor of a presidential system.

C. The 1963 constitution strengthened the federal government's powers, leading to a more centralized system of government.

D. The constitution did not have a significant impact on Nigeria's political landscape.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

The diagram below shows the structure of the Nigerian government. Identify the level of government responsible for implementing policies related to education.

A. Federal Government

B. State Government

Correct C. Local Government

D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

The 1960 Independence Constitution of Nigeria was a product of the country's colonial past. Analyze the impact of colonialism on the country's constitutional development.

A. Colonialism had a positive impact on Nigeria's constitutional development, leading to the creation of a stable and effective government.

Correct B. Colonialism had a negative impact on Nigeria's constitutional development, leading to the imposition of a foreign system of government.

C. Colonialism had no significant impact on Nigeria's constitutional development.

D. Colonialism led to the creation of a federal system of government in Nigeria.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19

The diagram below shows the structure of the Nigerian economy. Identify the sector responsible for generating the majority of the country's revenue.

A. Agriculture

B. Industry

Correct C. Services

D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

The 1999 Constitution of Nigeria is a product of the country's post-colonial history. Analyze the impact of the constitution on the country's political landscape.

Correct A. The 1999 Constitution has had a positive impact on Nigeria's political landscape, leading to the creation of a stable and effective government.

B. The constitution has had a negative impact on Nigeria's political landscape, leading to the perpetuation of corruption and instability.

C. The 1999 Constitution has had no significant impact on Nigeria's political landscape.

D. The constitution has led to the creation of a federal system of government in Nigeria.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

The concept of separation of powers is a fundamental principle of constitutionalism. Which of the following is a characteristic of the legislative branch?

A. It has the power to declare war.

B. It has the power to appoint judges.

Correct C. It has the power to approve presidential appointments.

D. It has the power to veto laws.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22

In a federal system of government, which of the following is an example of a concurrent power?

Correct A. The power to regulate commerce.

B. The power to declare war.

C. The power to establish a national currency.

D. The power to regulate immigration.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

The concept of legitimacy in government refers to the idea that a government has the right to exercise power over its citizens. Which of the following is a source of legitimacy?

Correct A. The consent of the governed.

B. The power of the majority.

C. The authority of tradition.

D. The right of conquest.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

The rule of law is a fundamental principle of constitutionalism. Which of the following is a characteristic of the rule of law?

Correct A. It requires that the government respect the rights of its citizens.

B. It requires that the government exercise its power arbitrarily.

C. It requires that the government be accountable to its citizens.

D. It requires that the government be above the law.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The concept of human rights is a fundamental principle of constitutionalism. Which of the following is a human right?

Correct A. The right to life.

B. The right to freedom of speech.

C. The right to a fair trial.

D. The right to bear arms.

Correct Answer: A

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