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POST UTME AFE BABALOLA UNIVERSITY 2018 Biology | Objective

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Question 1

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.16

B. 0.36

C. 0.64

D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A 2.5 L flask contains 0.5 mol of an ideal gas at 27°C. Calculate the pressure of the gas in atmospheres.

Correct A. 1.01 atm

B. 2.02 atm

C. 3.03 atm

D. 4.04 atm

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

A diagram shows a plant with a root system and a stem. The root system is labeled as 'A' and the stem is labeled as 'B'. Which of the following is the correct function of the root system?

Correct A. absorbing water and nutrients from the soil

B. producing glu\cose through photosynthesis

C. supporting the plant's structure

D. regulating the plant's temperature

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

A 0.1 M solution of HCl is mixed with a 0.1 M solution of NaOH. Calculate the pH of the resulting solution.

A. 1

Correct B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5

A diagram shows a simple circuit with a battery, a resistor, and a switch. The switch is labeled as 'A' and the resistor is labeled as 'B'. Which of the following is the correct function of the resistor?

Correct A. reducing the current flowing through the circuit

B. increa\sing the voltage of the circuit

C. regulating the temperature of the circuit

D. controlling the flow of electrons

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the Hardy-Weinberg principle holds, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

A. 0.36

Correct B. 0.64

C. 0.72

D. 0.88

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

A plant cell has a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and a small nucleus. What is the primary function of the cell wall?

Correct A. to provide structural support

B. to store water and nutrients

C. to control cell growth

D. to regulate cell division

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

A 2.5-liter solution contains 1.8 liters of ethanol and 0.7 liters of water. What is the mole \fraction of ethanol?

Correct A. 0.72

B. 0.76

C. 0.80

D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

A population of bacteria grows according to the equation \frac{dP}{dt} = rP\( 1 - \frac{P}{K} \). If the initial population is 100 and the carrying capacity is 1000, what is the population after 5 time units?

A. 500

B. 600

Correct C. 700

D. 800

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10

A plant has a photosynthetic rate of 10 mg CO2/h. If the concentration of CO2 is 400 ppm, what is the rate of photosynthesis?

A. 0.025

Correct B. 0.050

C. 0.075

D. 0.100

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11

In the context of evolutionary bio\logy, what is the primary mechanism driving the adaptation of species to their environments?

Correct A. Natural Selection

B. Genetic Drift

C. Gene Flow

D. Mutation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Identify the organelle responsible for protein synthesis.

A. Mitochondria

Correct B. Ribosomes

C. Endoplasmic Reticulum

D. Golgi Apparatus

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

A diagram of a human respiratory system is shown below. Identify the part of the system responsible for gas exchange.

A. Trachea

B. Bronchi

Correct C. Alveoli

D. Diaphragm

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14

A diagram of a human nervous system is shown below. Identify the part of the system responsible for transmitting signals to the brain.

A. Cerebrum

B. Cerebellum

C. Brainstem

Correct D. Nerve Fibers

Correct Answer: D

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Question 15

A diagram of a human reproductive system is shown below. Identify the part of the system responsible for fertilization.

A. Uterus

B. Ovary

Correct C. Fallopian Tube

D. Vagina

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16

In asexual reproduction, what is the primary mechanism by which genetic variation is introduced?

A. Mutation

Correct B. Genetic recombination

C. Gene duplication

D. Gene deletion

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

Which of the following sense organs is responsible for detecting changes in air pressure, allowing us to perceive sound?

A. Eustachian tube

B. Middle ear

Correct C. Cochlea

D. Inner ear

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

In a population of 1000 individuals, 200 are heterozygous for a particular gene, while 300 are homozygous recessive. What is the frequency of the dominant allele?

A. 0.3

B. 0.4

Correct C. 0.5

D. 0.6

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19

A species of plant is found in a tropical rainforest, where it grows in the understory. What type of eco\logical niche does this plant occupy?

A. Competitive niche

B. Symbiotic niche

Correct C. Complementary niche

D. Neutral niche

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'A'?

Correct A. Photosynthesis

B. Respiration

C. Transpiration

D. Osmosis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

In a population of 1000 bacteria, 80% are susceptible to a particular antibiotic. If 200 bacteria are treated with the antibiotic, what is the expected number of resis\tant bacteria after treatment?

Correct A. 0.04

B. 0.4

C. 40

D. 400

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

A 25-year-old woman with a history of asthma presents with symptoms of bronchitis. Her peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is 200 L/min. What is the likely diagnosis?

A. Asthma

B. Chronic bronchitis

Correct C. Acute bronchitis

D. COPD

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23

A 35-year-old man with a history of hypertension presents with symptoms of angina. His electrocardiogram (ECG) shows a QRS complex with a duration of 120 ms. What is the likely diagnosis?

A. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

B. Dilated cardiomyopathy

C. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy

Correct D. Normal variant

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24

A 45-year-old woman with a history of diabetes presents with symptoms of hyperglycemia. Her blood glu\cose level is 250 mg/dL. What is the likely diagnosis?

A. Type 1 diabetes

Correct B. Type 2 diabetes

C. Gestational diabetes

D. Secondary diabetes

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25

A 55-year-old man with a history of hypertension presents with symptoms of heart failure. His left ventricular ejection \fraction (LVEF) is 30%. What is the likely diagnosis?

A. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Correct B. Dilated cardiomyopathy

C. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy

D. Normal variant

Correct Answer: B

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