Practice post utme achievers university government 2018 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss.

Correct A. Legitimacy is the acceptance of authority by the governed.

B. Authority is the source of legitimacy in a political system.

C. Legitimacy is the moral right to govern, while authority is the power to govern.

D. Legitimacy is the ability of a government to enforce its will, while authority is the source of that will.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A diagram of a simple circuit is shown below. If the circuit is closed, what is the current flowing through the 2 ohm resistor?

A. 1 A

Correct B. 2 A

C. 3 A

D. 4 A

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

The Nigerian Constitution is a product of the country's colonial past. Discuss.

A. The Constitution is a direct result of the colonial legacy.

B. The Constitution is a product of the country's pre-colonial past.

C. The Constitution is a result of the country's post-colonial development.

Correct D. The Constitution is a product of the country's colonial and post-colonial past.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4

A diagram of a titration setup is shown below. If the burette contains 0.1 M NaOH and the initial volume is 10 mL, what is the concentration of the acid?

A. 0.01 M

Correct B. 0.1 M

C. 1 M

D. 10 M

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5

The concept of power in political systems is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss.

Correct A. Power is the ability to influence the behavior of others.

B. Authority is the source of power in a political system.

C. Power is the ability to make decisions that affect others.

D. Authority is the moral right to govern, while power is the ability to enforce that right.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

The concept of legitimacy in government is closely tied to the idea of authority. Discuss how the two concepts are related, using examples from the Nigerian Constitution.

Correct A. Legitimacy is a product of authority, and authority is a necessary condition for legitimacy.

B. Legitimacy is a separate concept from authority, and it is not dependent on authority.

C. Authority is a means to an end, while legitimacy is the end itself.

D. Legitimacy is a moral concept, while authority is a legal concept.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

The separation of powers in Nigeria is a key feature of the country's constitutional system. Describe the three branches of government and their respective powers.

Correct A. The legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government.

B. The executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government.

C. The legislative, judicial, and administrative branches of government.

D. The executive, judicial, and legislative branches of government.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

The rule of law is a fundamental principle of governance in Nigeria. Explain the concept of the rule of law and its significance in the country's constitutional system.

Correct A. The rule of law is a principle that requires the government to act in accordance with the law.

B. The rule of law is a principle that requires the government to act in accordance with its own discretion.

C. The rule of law is a principle that requires the government to act in accordance with the interests of the majority.

D. The rule of law is a principle that requires the government to act in accordance with the interests of the minority.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

The concept of human rights is a fundamental principle of governance in Nigeria. Explain the concept of human rights and its significance in the country's constitutional system.

Correct A. Human rights are rights that are inherent to all human beings, regardless of their nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, language, or any other status.

B. Human rights are rights that are granted by the government to its citizens.

C. Human rights are rights that are inherent to all human beings, but only in certain circumstances.

D. Human rights are rights that are granted by the government to its citizens, but only in certain circumstances.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

The concept of electoral systems is a fundamental principle of governance in Nigeria. Explain the different types of electoral systems and their significance in the country's constitutional system.

Correct A. First-past-the-post, proportional representation, and mixed-member proportional.

B. First-past-the-post, proportional representation, and single transferable vote.

C. First-past-the-post, single transferable vote, and mixed-member proportional.

D. Proportional representation, mixed-member proportional, and single transferable vote.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The concept of legitimacy in government refers to the moral rightness of a political system or institution to exercise power and authority. Which of the following is a key factor that contributes to the legitimacy of a government?

Correct A. Popular support and consent

B. Economic prosperity and stability

C. Military power and control

D. Cultural and historical significance

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

The pre-colonial administration in Nigeria was characterized by a system of governance that was based on the principles of

A. Divine right and absolute monarchy

B. Constitutional monarchy and representative government

Correct C. Traditional authority and customary law

D. Military dictatorship and authoritarian rule

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13

The rule of law is a fundamental principle of democratic governance, which requires that the government and its agencies act in accordance with the law. Which of the following is a key feature of the rule of law?

A. The separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches

B. The protection of individual rights and freedoms

C. The independence of the judiciary and the legal profession

Correct D. The supremacy of the constitution and the law

Correct Answer: D

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Question 14

The concept of power in government refers to the ability of a person or institution to influence the behavior of others. Which of the following is a key source of power in government?

A. Legislative power and the ability to make laws

B. Executive power and the ability to enforce laws

C. Judicial power and the ability to interpret laws

Correct D. Economic power and the ability to control resources

Correct Answer: D

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Question 15

The concept of authority in government refers to the legitimate right to exercise power and control over others. Which of the following is a key factor that contributes to the authority of a government?

Correct A. Popular support and consent

B. Economic prosperity and stability

C. Military power and control

D. Cultural and historical significance

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

The concept of legitimacy in international relations is closely tied to the idea of sovereignty. Discuss how the notion of sovereignty has evolved over time, and how it relates to the concept of legitimacy in international relations.

A. The concept of sovereignty has remained unchanged since the 17th century.

B. The concept of sovereignty has evolved over time, with the rise of globalization and the increasing importance of international institutions.

Correct C. The concept of sovereignty is closely tied to the idea of legitimacy in international relations, as it determines the extent to which a state has the right to govern itself.

D. The concept of sovereignty is no longer relevant in international relations, as the rise of globalization has led to the decline of state sovereignty.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17

The United Nations has been criticized for its inability to prevent humanitarian crises in various parts of the world. Discuss the role of the UN in preventing humanitarian crises, and suggest ways in which the organization could improve its effectiveness.

A. The UN has a clear mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, and its failure to do so is a result of a lack of resources.

Correct B. The UN has a complex mandate that includes both preventive and reactive measures, but its inability to prevent humanitarian crises is due to a lack of political will.

C. The UN has a limited role in preventing humanitarian crises, as its primary focus is on promoting peace and security.

D. The UN has no role in preventing humanitarian crises, as this is the responsibility of individual states.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has been instrumental in promoting economic integration in the region. Discuss the role of ECOWAS in promoting economic integration, and evaluate its effectiveness.

Correct A. ECOWAS has been highly effective in promoting economic integration in the region, with significant increases in trade and investment.

B. ECOWAS has made significant progress in promoting economic integration, but its efforts have been hindered by a lack of resources.

C. ECOWAS has a limited role in promoting economic integration, as its primary focus is on promoting peace and security.

D. ECOWAS has no role in promoting economic integration, as this is the responsibility of individual states.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

The concept of power in international relations is often associated with the ability of a state to achieve its goals through coercion or persuasion. Discuss the different forms of power in international relations, and evaluate their relative importance.

A. Coercive power is the most important form of power in international relations, as it allows states to achieve their goals through force or the threat of force.

B. Persuasive power is the most important form of power in international relations, as it allows states to achieve their goals through diplomacy and negotiation.

C. Structural power is the most important form of power in international relations, as it allows states to shape the international system and influence the behavior of other states.

Correct D. All forms of power are equally important in international relations, as they are often used in combination to achieve a state's goals.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 20

The concept of authority in international relations is often associated with the legitimacy of a state's actions and decisions. Discuss the different forms of authority in international relations, and evaluate their relative importance.

A. Legitimate authority is the most important form of authority in international relations, as it allows states to make decisions that are accepted by other states.

B. Authoritative authority is the most important form of authority in international relations, as it allows states to make decisions that are enforced through coercion or persuasion.

C. Consensual authority is the most important form of authority in international relations, as it allows states to make decisions that are accepted by other states through negotiation and compromise.

Correct D. All forms of authority are equally important in international relations, as they are often used in combination to achieve a state's goals.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21

The African Union's (AU) primary goal is to promote economic, political, and social integration among its member states. Which of the following is a key instrument used by the AU to achieve this goal?

A. The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights

B. The New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD)

C. The African Union's Constitutive Act

Correct D. The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22

The concept of sovereignty is a fundamental principle in international relations. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between sovereignty and the United Nations (UN)?

A. The UN has the authority to override the sovereignty of its member states in matters of international peace and security.

Correct B. The UN respects the sovereignty of its member states and does not interfere in their internal affairs.

C. The UN has the power to suspend the sovereignty of its member states in cases of gross human rights violations.

D. The UN has no authority to interfere with the sovereignty of its member states in any way.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional economic community that aims to promote economic integration among its member states. Which of the following is a key benefit of ECOWAS membership for its member states?

A. Increased access to international markets and trade opportunities

B. Improved regional security and stability

C. Enhanced economic growth and development

Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24

The concept of constitutionalism is a fundamental principle in modern governance. Which of the following best describes the relationship between constitutionalism and the rule of law?

Correct A. Constitutionalism is a means of ensuring the rule of law in a country.

B. The rule of law is a means of ensuring constitutionalism in a country.

C. Constitutionalism and the rule of law are mutually exclusive concepts.

D. Constitutionalism is a substitute for the rule of law in a country.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The concept of federalism is a fundamental principle in modern governance. Which of the following best describes the relationship between federalism and the division of power between the central government and the constituent units?

Correct A. Federalism involves the division of power between the central government and the constituent units.

B. Federalism involves the concentration of power in the central government.

C. Federalism involves the concentration of power in the constituent units.

D. Federalism involves the abolition of the central government.

Correct Answer: A

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